医用钛合金超声-电化学抛光工艺

研究了一种对常用的医用钛合金(Ti-6Al-4V)试件进行表面光整加工的新工艺.在试验的基础上,将功率超声波与电化学作用相结合,利用功率超声波的能量特性并结合电化学抛光的特点,实现对常用钛合金试件的超声-电化学抛光处理.分析了功率超声波对电化学抛光过程的促进作用及电流密度对抛光效果的影响,获得了较为合理的工艺参数.结果表明,采用合理的超声-电化学抛光工艺参数,经2 min左右时间,试件表面粗糙度由 3.2 μm降至0.2 μm,这不仅可以改善试件的表面粗糙度,而且还可以增加表面氧化膜中钛的氧化物含量,进一步提高钛合金植入物的生物相容性和耐腐蚀性.     

磁流变抛光液的研制

磁流变抛光是近十年来新兴的一种先进光学制造技术。首先简要介绍了磁流变抛光的抛光机理，然后对在磁流变抛光中起重要作用的磁流变抛光液的组成，流变性和稳定性进行了研究。在外加磁场强度高于318kA/m时，磁流变抛光液的剪切应力大于20kPa，该应力足以完成磁流变抛光，最后给出一个磁流变抛光的实例，证明了磁流变抛光液的实用性，实验中磁流变抛光的最大材料去除率约为0.2μm/s.     

通用型功率超声发生器

笔者根据功率超声的共同特性和要求，研制出一种通用型功率超声发生器，可用于各种功率超声设备，如超声清洗，超声焊接，超声加工，超声乳化，分散等。     

国内铝制品无铬酸电化学抛光工艺开发现状

传统的铝制品酸性电化学抛光溶液含有严重污染环境的铬酸，综述了80年代以来，我国开发无铬酸电化学抛光工艺的现状和研究成果。     

铝硅合金压铸件电解抛光新工艺

简述了电解抛光原理，提出了一种铝硅合金压铸件的电解抛光新工艺。     

稀土金属抛光金刚石膜技术

研究开发了一种有效地抛光化学气相沉积金刚石厚膜的技术。该技术利用化学活性很强的稀土金属镧的金刚石的化学反应，在一定的工艺条件下可对金刚石膜进行有效的抛光。抛光绵高低与抛光温度有关，在温度大于９００℃时抛光效率较高，可达３４μ／ｈ，表面度可从原来的Ｒａ １２μｍ降至Ｒａ１．６μｍ，如用于后续的精抛光，可大大光的时间和提高抛光效率，使表面十分粗糙的金刚石厚膜的精抛光能得以经济地进行。     

现场金相检测中电解抛光技术的应用探索

为了改善工件表面的抛光效果,解决传统机械抛光对抛光工件几何形状的限制,提高实际工程中对工件的抛光效率,本文介绍了一种全新的抛光工艺——电解抛光。电解抛光工艺与工件的材质、电流大小以及电解液的温度等参数密切相关,合理的控制这些工艺参数才能达到理想的抛光效果。本文主要探究电流密度、抛光温度以及阴阳极间的距离等因素对抛光效果的影响。     

铝合金电化学抛光工艺

采用综合评价方法研究了铝合金电化学抛光添加剂，结果发现，在碱性溶液中加入PEG作光亮剂可明显改善抛光效果，加入酒石酸钠等作稳定剂可延长溶液使用周期，并在此基础上优化了抛光工艺条件。试验表明，采用此工艺来抛光铝材获得的综合效果优于酸性电化学抛光和传统碱性电化学抛光，是一项有应用前景的新工艺。     

我国功率超声技术近况与应用进展

文章综述了我国功率超声技术近10年发展状况，介绍了功率超声的超声空化机理、超声换能器、超声发生器等基础研究以及在超声清洗、超声焊接、超声处理、环保、声化学、超声治疗、超声马达等方面的新应用及其发展重点。     

等离子体加工光学元件装置技术研究

介绍了一种新型的超光滑表面加工技术-等离子体抛光.设计和安装了一套等离子体加工试验平台.加工试验平台由真空系统、等离子体源、射频电源系统、气路系统组成.试验平台具有独立变量气体流量、真空度、射频电源发射功率和反射功率和加工时间.对于石英玻璃材料的实验结果表明等离子体抛光是一种可行的有潜力的抛光技术.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.