Al2O3超细微粒的超临界制备实验研究

利用超临界水解过程成功制备了平均粒径为537nm的Al2O3微粒。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和激光粒度分析仪表征了制备的微粒样品，表明产物为纯度较高的α-Al2O3的微粒，微粒粒径较小，且粒度分布集中、分散性较好。制备实验的研究表明，随操作压力、操作温度的升高，制备的微粒粒径有明显的增大趋势；随系统总流量的提高，微粒的粒径减小；随支路流量比的增加，微粒的粒径略有下降，但变化不大.     

ZnO纳米微粒的超临界制备实验研究

文章利用超临界水解过程成功制备了平均粒径为78nm的ZnO纳米微粒。将制备的微粒样品,用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和激光粒度分析仪进行表征,产物为纯度较高的ZnO微粒,微粒粒径较小、分散性较好、且粒度分布集中。试验同时考察了操作压力、操作温度、系统总流量和支路流量比等各过程参数对微粒粒径的影响,实验结果表明,随操作压力、操作温度的升高,制备的微粒粒径有明显的增大趋势;随系统总流量的提高,微粒的粒径减小;随支路流量比的增加,微粒的粒径略有下降,但变化不大。     

SAS过程制备乙基纤维素超细微粒实验研究

以自制的超临界反溶剂过程实验装置制备了乙基纤维素超细微粒。实验以乙醇为有机溶剂,超临界CO2为反溶剂,研究了操作温度、压力、反溶剂流量及溶液浓度等操作参数对制备的超细微粒的形态、粒径及粒径分布的影响。实验发现,通过控制实验参数,可使制备的乙基纤维素微粒基本呈球形,最小粒径可降至1μm以下,粒径分布较均匀。     

超临界水解制备TiO_2微粒过程的实验研究

二氧化钛(TiO2)微粒以其特殊的性能在诸多领域有着广泛的应用。超临界水解制备金属氧化物微粒过程是一种崭新的微粒制备技术,用此方法成功制备的TiO2微粒,其粒径分布范围是32~274nm。将制备的微粒样品,用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和激光粒度分析仪进行表征。结果表明,产物是纯度很高的锐钛型微粒,微粒粒径较小,粒度分布较集中。实验还考察了操作压力、操作温度、系统总流量和支路流量比等过程参数对微粒粒径的影响。结果表明,随着操作压力的升高,微粒粒径明显增大;随着操作温度的升高,微粒粒径明显增大;随着系统总流量的增大,微粒粒径减小;随着支路流量比的增加,微粒粒径略有下降,但变化不大。     

高浓度CO2在MEA溶液中平衡溶解度的实验研究

采用气液搅拌平衡装置,通过酸碱滴定和皂泡流量计测定了高浓度CO2在不同MEA溶液中的平衡溶解度。利用正交实验设计方法,考察了温度、CO2分压力、MEA质量浓度等因素对CO2平衡溶解度的影响。结果表明,在实验参数选定范围内,影响MEA中CO2平衡溶解度的因素主次顺序为：CO2分压力〉MEA质量浓度〉温度;MEA溶液中CO2的平衡溶解度随压力的增大而增大,随MEA质量浓度的增大而减小,随温度的增大而减小。     

聚乳酸和聚己内酯共混物多孔支架超临界流体技术制备

以二氯甲烷作为聚合物溶剂,利用超临界CO_2诱导相分离-循环干燥过程制备了质量比为1∶1的聚乳酸和聚己内酯混合物组织工程用多孔支架,同时考察了过程操作压力和温度、溶液浓度、CO_2流量及循环干燥时间等操作参数对孔径大小和形态的影响。结果表明,溶液浓度、操作压力和温度及CO_2流量对孔结构的影响较大。溶液浓度增大、操作温度升高均会引起混合物支架孔径的减小。操作压力升高,混合物多孔支架孔径逐渐增大,孔径分布越来越不均匀。随CO_2流量升高,混合物支架的孔径不断减小。循环干燥时间虽然对混合物支架的孔结构影响不大,但对超临界CO_2诱导相分离-循环干燥过程的可实现性有重要的影响。实验范围内,当混合物溶液浓度为25%(质量分数),循环干燥用CO_2流量为31kg/h,操作压力和温度分别为12 MPa和45℃的操作条件下,制备的混合物多孔支架更有利于组织工程的应用。     

超临界CO2抗溶剂法制备聚乳酸药物缓释微球

以L-聚乳酸为模型体系,超临界CO2为抗溶剂,采用超临界流体抗溶剂法制备聚乳酸微球.考察了压力、温度、溶液浓度、溶液流速、二氯甲烷-丙酮混合溶剂、聚合物分子量等参数对制备微球的形态、粒径及其分布的影响.结果表明,改变工艺参数,可在一定范围内调控微球粒径,所制微球平均粒径0.67～6.64μm,溶液浓度及其流速为主要影响因素;实验条件一定时,采用二氯甲烷-丙酮混合溶剂及强制分散溶液法制备得较小粒径微球.释放度实验结果表明,微球按一级释放方程释药,具缓释效果.     

超临界CO_2抗溶剂法制备依折麦布颗粒

以乙醇为溶剂、超临界CO_2为抗溶剂,通过曲面响应实验设计,分别研究依折麦布质量浓度、结晶釜温度及结晶釜压力对颗粒粒径和分布的影响,对所制备的颗粒进行表征,并优化颗粒工艺参数。实验结果表明:依折麦布颗粒粒径随依折麦布质量浓度的增大而增大,随结晶釜温度的增加先减小后增大,随结晶釜压力的增加而减小;优化后的颗粒制备工艺条件为:依折麦布质量浓度为40 g/L,结晶釜温度为60.46℃,结晶釜压力为13.81 MPa,优化后依折麦布颗粒平均粒径为10.1μm。     

CO_2辅助膨胀制备微细PCL颗粒

采用超临界CO_2辅助膨胀结合喷嘴雾化分散过程,制备可用于药物缓控释制剂材料聚己酸内酯微细颗粒。实验考察了聚己酸内酯-二氯己烷溶液浓度、流量、预膨胀温度、顸膨胀压力对颗粒尺寸和形貌的影响。结果表明,增加预膨胀压力、降低预膨胀温度、减小喷嘴孔径能得到聚己内酯微细颗粒;在一定的溶液初始浓度、溶液流率范围内,较高的溶液初始浓度、较高的溶液流率,可得到小于1μm聚己酸内酯微细球状颗粒。     

喷动流化床喷雾造粒过程实验研究

为了研究喷雾造粒过程中影响颗粒粒径生长速率的因素,本文中在自建的喷动流化床上,以玻璃珠为晶种,工业级碳酸钾溶液为涂敷液,对流化气速、喷动气速、床层温度、溶液流量和浓度等因素对颗粒生长速率的影响进行了实验研究。实验结果表明,颗粒的生长速率随流化气速、喷动气速、床层温度的增大先增大后减小;随溶液浓度、流量的增大而增大。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.