RTM成型复合材料的界面改性

研究了反应注塑(RTM)成型的复合材料不同层次界面的特点，并分别采用冷等离子处理和超声处理对RTM成型的复合材料界面性能进行改性。结果表明，RTM成型复合材料不同层次界面性能是不同的，通过冷等离子体和超声处理可以提高树脂对纤维增强体的浸润性，进而可以改善复合材料的界面性能，而界面的好坏直接影响RTM成型复合材料的力学性能。     

RTM成型复合材料界面及其改性的研究

界面的好坏直接影响RTM成型复合材料的力学性能。本文研究了RTM成型复合材料不同层次界面的特点，形成机理，并采用冷等离子处理对RTM成型复合材料界面性能进行改性。结果表明，RTM成型复合材料不同层次界面性能是不同的，通过冷等离子体处理可以减少不同层次界面之间的差别，进而可以改善复合材料的力学性能。     

金属基复合材料界面问题

金属基复合材料都要在基体合金熔点附近的高温下制备。在制备过程中，纤维，晶须、颗粒等增强体与基体净发生程度不同的相互作用和界面反应，形成各种结构的界面。界面结构和性能对金属基复合材料的的性能起着决定性作用，深入研究的掌握界面反应和界面影响性能的规律，有效地控制界面的结构和性能，是获得高性能金属基复合材料的关键。     

颗粒包覆对Al2O3／青铜复合材料界面结构模式及性能的影响

采用化学镀的方法Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒表面包覆镍或铜，研究了颗粒包覆对Ａｌ２Ｏ３／青铜复合材料界面结合模式及性能的影响。ＸＲＤ结果表明，包镍后，复合材料的界面有化学反应，生成Ｎｉ２Ａｌ３相，复合材料的界面结合强度因此而增加；包铜后，复合材料的界面无化学反应发生，但因机械锁合作用加强，也使复合材料的界面结构加强。     

多向细编碳／碳复合材料界面力学性能测试与表征

本文用自制装置研究了多向细编Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料纤维束性能，分析了工艺过程的影响。同时用界面微脱粘实验技术研究了Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料界面性能，给出了相应的理论模型和界面应力分布，提出了由界面脱粘力，纤维、基体和复合材料性能表征界面剪切强度的方法，为Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料优化设计提供了定量参数。结果表明：织物结构、织物编织工艺以及织物／基体复合对纤维的强度影响很大，降为原始纤维的２０％左右，对模量影响小。不同界面层次，纤维／基体的界面结合情况和界面剪切强度不同，Ｚ向纤维束中纤维／基体结合好，具有最高的结合强度，ＳＥＭ观察证实有大量基体碳在纤维上枝联。     

镁基复合材料界面调控研究进展EI北大核心

界面是影响镁基复合材料综合性能的关键因素,如何进行界面调控一直是镁基复合材料的研究热点。本文围绕镁基复合材料三种界面结构类型(共格界面、半共格界面和非共格界面),针对影响界面性能的两个关键问题(界面润湿性和界面反应),综述了界面优化方案的研究进展,提出了实现良好界面结合的界面结构设计与调控准则:良好润湿性与轻微界面反应。针对镁基复合材料的界面性能提升,可以考虑添加稀土元素,起到净化界面、改善润湿性的作用;根据工程需要选择基体和增强体,得到某方面性能优异的复合材料;开发新的增强体表面涂层,充分提高界面结合能力;通过第一性原理等计算模拟方法,深入探究界面结构与界面性能之间的关系。     

挤压浸渗法制备Csf/Al复合材料的组织与性能

以M40石墨短纤维为增强体，LY12铝合金为基体，用挤压浸渗法制备了短碳纤维增强铝基复合材料，研究了浸渗工艺对复合材料的界面反应和组织与性能的影响，以及不同碳纤维体积分数下的常温及高温力学性能，结果表明，在冷却速度相同的情况下，浸渗温度即铝液的浇注温度对界面反应及复合材料的组织与性能影响较大，740～780℃时界面反应不明显或有轻微的界面反应，材料的性能较好．高于800℃时，碳纤维有氧化现象发生，材料的性能严重下降，甚至低于基体性能，随着碳纤维体积分数的增加，复合材料的常温及高温力学性能提高。     

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面

从碳纤维、树脂基体、界面3个层次对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的界面研究进行了综述,重点介绍了碳纤维表面特性表征及改性方法、树脂基体特性及改性方法和界面分析表征手段,由此提出了纤维/树脂界面的研究路线,简要分析了复合材料界面研究的前景与趋势。为了实现纤维/树脂界面的良好匹配,充分发挥碳纤维复合材料的性能优势,需完善界面表征手段、明确界面微观性能与复合材料宏观性能的关系、深化研究界面对复合材料湿热性能及失效模式的影响等。     

碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面的研究进展

界面相作为复合材料基本组元之一,其结构组成与性能对材料的性能有着极其重要的影响.综述了碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面相的功能要求、界面结合类型.阐述了界面相厚度对复合材料性能的影响,适当的界面厚度有利于复合材料获得最佳性能.重点介绍了目前碳纤维表面涂层工艺的研究现状,并分析了各种制备工艺的优缺点.最后指出了今后碳纤维增强陶瓷基复合材料界面的研究方向.     

复合导电材料电学性能RVE模拟研究

电学性能是影响复合导电材料综合性能的关键，它直接关系到复合材料功能开发与应用。针对石墨烯/聚氨酯复合材料电学性能分析的复杂性，采用代表体积元法，即RVE法，基于Digimat平台，通过建立分析模型，对复合材料的导电性能进行模拟，并与实验进行比对分析。制备了石墨烯/聚氨酯复合导电材料，在分析复合材料细观结构特征的基础上，利用e-Xstream仿真软件的Digimat-FE模块建立了复合材料的代表体积元普通圆盘模型与带界面圆盘模型，模拟了不同填料添加量时复合材料体积电阻率的变化规律，探索了内含物长径比及界面相关参数对复合材料电阻率的影响，并与实验测试结果进行对比。结果表明：复合材料的电阻率随石墨烯质量分数的增加而减小，线度较好，与实验试样测试数据变化趋势和变化速率一致；与只使用普通圆盘作为内含物的模型相比，使用带有界面的圆盘模拟结果与实验值更为接近，说明创建的带界面圆盘RVE模型的有效性，可对石墨烯复合材料的导电性能进行模拟和预测。     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

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