BV包装机条烟外观质量检测装置的设计

目的 解决BV包装机在生产过程中,容易出现条烟外包透明纸丢失、泡皱、粘贴不牢、反条包装、拉线丢失、拉线错位等外观包装缺陷不能被有效检测及剔除等问题。方法 设计一种新型的BV包装机条烟外观视觉检测系统,通过动态图像采集、图像识别与处理、安装支架设计、工业相机安装、触发脉冲采集、剔除装置设计等,实现对外观存在缺陷条烟的自动准确检测剔除。结果 该外观视觉检测系统实施后,外观缺陷条烟检测和剔除率≥99.8%,误剔率≤0.01%。结论 该外观视觉检测系统能提高产品外观质量,降低物耗,为精益生产、精益加工起到了一定的保障作用,该系统和技术可推广应用于行业内的单机包装设备上。     

C800包装机烟包外观检测装置的设计

目的为了解决GDX6S包装机出口至烟包输送通道、烟包存储装置、C800包装机入口处烟包输送、存储、包装等过程中容易导致烟包外观质量缺陷,而且无任何检测装置对其进行有效检测与剔除的问题。方法设计一种新型烟包外观视觉检测装置,通过对其关键技术的研究,综合工业相机及触发脉冲信号的安装,全方位可旋转支架的设计制作与安装,动态图像的采集与处理,PLC控制程序的设计等,实现烟包外观缺陷产品的动态检测及准确剔除。结果该外观视觉检测装置安装后,对烟包外观缺陷产品检测剔除率≥99%,误检率≤0.9%。结论该烟包外观检测装置能提升产品质量,降低物耗,提高设备作业率,降低有缺陷烟包进入下道工序的风险,可推广应用于行业内所有包装机组设备上。     

基于远程调控的烟包外观视觉检测系统的研发

目的 小盒烟包在包裹过程中易出现烟包内框纸破损、脱落、丢失,以及铝箔纸破损、刮烂等缺陷,为解决在完全包裹好小盒商标纸之前,GD包装机未对这些缺陷进行相关检测和剔除而带来的质量风险问题。方法 通过对视觉技术的研究、全方位可旋转支架的设计制作、PLC控制程序的设计与IPC系统融合等,设计一种新型烟包外观视觉检测装置;通过多次实验调整可旋转支架的角度确定检测的最佳安装位置及角度;采用高斯核滤波、卷积等方法对图像进行预处理,采用相对熵对颜色相近的铝箔纸与内框纸进行图像处理分析;利用In–Sight资源管理器,并结合远程控制设计,实现对烟包内框纸、铝箔纸与商标纸同时检测的远程调试与监测。结果 该新型外观视觉检测装置安装后,实现在完全包裹好小盒商标纸之前对烟包铝箔纸、内框纸与商标纸的精确检测,缺陷烟包的产品检测剔除率≥99.99%,误检率≤0.01%。结论 所设计的新型小盒烟包外观检测装置能在完全包裹好小盒商标纸之前远程调试与监测烟包内框纸、铝箔纸与商标纸,并对缺陷烟包进行准确剔除,降低有缺陷烟包进入下道工序的风险,可推广应用于烟草行业内所有包装设备上。     

GDX1/2包装机组CH烟包补充功能的改进

目的对GDX1/2卷烟包装机组CH烟包补充器进行改进研究,以减少其在生产过程中透明纸擦伤的缺陷率。方法生产过程中,烟包补充器底部烟包透明纸擦伤的质量缺陷率较高。通过对补充器工作原理的分析,确定补充器内最下方的烟包底部表面长时间处于摩擦状态是导致透明纸擦伤的主要原因。设计一种二维运动机构,可以实现底部烟包和生产烟包分离的补充器,以避免烟包之间的摩擦,从而解决该位置产生的透明纸擦伤现象。结果改进后的烟包补充器结构简单,因透明纸擦伤的产品市场投诉数量降低了22.2%。结论该优化设计可有效减少CH烟包补充器位置的烟包擦伤质量缺陷。     

加装FX2包装机的小包视觉检测

目的 针对青岛卷烟厂现有FX包装机型生产中,没有检测烟包外观完好的设备,设计安装一套小包视觉检测装置,将高速生产中产生的不合格烟包准确剔除。方法 通过安装高速PLC和视觉采集相机,利用软件图像处理功能将采集照片进行处理分析,输出结果到上位机,控制电磁阀将缺陷烟包准确剔除。结果 经过数月的实验,在改进后的抽检中,玻璃纸缺陷次数由13降低为1,剔除数量为318盒;商标纸缺陷次数由23降低为0,剔除数量为766;内卡纸缺陷次数由14降低为1,剔除数量为160。可看出无检测的生产中存在大量缺陷烟包漏剔现象。结论 经过安装调试投入正常使用,该检测系统性能稳定可靠,能有效地降低产品的质量隐患。     

YP13型装封箱机缺条视觉检测系统设计

目的解决YP13装封箱机生产过程中产生的箱装烟条缺条缺陷产品不能有效被检测及剔除的问题。方法设计一种新型YP13装封箱机缺条视觉检测系统,通过对其关键技术的研究,综合集成工业相机及触发脉冲信号的安装、支架设计的安装、动态图像的采集、PLC控制程序的设计等,实现箱装烟条缺条缺陷产品的高效检测及准确剔除。结果该视觉检测系统实施后,箱装烟条缺条缺陷产品检测剔除率≥99.9%,误检率≤0.02%。结论该视觉检测系统能提升产品质量、降低物耗,可推广应用于行业内包装规格为每件2×25条或25条的装封箱设备上。     

透明纸包装机透明纸检测技术研究

该文针对FOCKE401设备在包装过程中出现的透明纸褶皱、气泡问题,进行了小盒透明纸包装机的端面上短边的透明纸检测装置设计。通过设计了由手柄、连接块、烟包通道盖板、左检测器支架、左检测器、右检测器和右检测器支架等部件构成的小盒透明纸端面上短边检测装置,引入光纤检测器、能够精准检测包装透明纸问题。结果提高了检测效率、保障产品质量。     

视觉检测系统在烟草包装机中的应用

目的在烟草包装过程中不可避免地有不合格品产生,研究利用视觉检测系统及时发现不合格品,以有效提高烟草包装质量。方法给出烟草包装机的视觉检测系统设计方案,分析视觉检测系统的检测过程及原理,并进行实机测试。结果添加视觉检测系统后,不合格烟包的有效剔除率比原来提高2.5%左右。结论通过在烟草包装机上添加视觉检测系统,利用图像相似性检测及边缘检测原理,可以有效提高不合格烟包的剔除率,降低了包装材料的消耗,减轻了下游机的运转负担。     

GDX2型卷烟包装机铝箔纸检测装置的改进

为提高GDX2卷烟包装机组生产过程中铝箔纸缺陷烟包检测的范围和准确度,通过对五号轮检测装置的设计改进,将电容式接近开关更换为光电式接近开关,并且在五号轮体烟包背面适当位置,另增一个光电接近开关,将两个接近开关的检测信号传递至六号轮剔除模块,实现了设备高速运转时对三号轮进四号轮、四号轮进五号轮过程中产生的缺失、破损铝箔纸烟包的剔除。改进后效果表明,可有效降低漏剔率和市场投诉,提高产品质量。     

GDX2香烟包装机盒包薄膜平整度影响因素的研究

GDX2包装杌在烟包薄膜折叠成形或输送到烙铁烫贴机构的过程中,存在烟包薄膜松弛起皱、不紧贴的问题.为此,对热封系统、折叠部件、张力系统和电控系统等方面进行了改进和研究.该研究消除了烟包薄膜起皱、松驰等问题,提高了产品包装质量,降低了材料消耗.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.