水面舰艇甲板设备抗冲击设计谱分析

针对动态设计分析方法(DDAM)评估舰艇设备抗冲击性能与水下非接触爆炸条件联系不够紧密的不足,利用水面舰艇水下非接触爆炸数值仿真,得到不同工况下水面舰艇甲板设备垂向响应及冲击反应谱;结合联邦德国军舰建造规范BV043/85规定的正负三角波作为加载波形,加载到舰船甲板安装设备等效动力模型上,计算得到不同安装质量设备的甲板基础冲击反应谱,作为甲板安装设备抗冲击设计谱值。得到的抗冲击设计谱规律正确,数值合理。     

三向大变形抗冲击平台仿真技术研究

随着现代舰船试验冲击环境严酷度的提高,需对冲击试验测量用仪器进行更有效的冲击防护。抗冲击仪器平台通过三向大变形抗冲击设计,并运用冲击仿真技术研究为试验用测量仪器提供一个可靠稳定的抗冲击工作环境,同时提供可靠稳定的电源环境以及便捷的操作空间。抗冲击平台选用大变形空气弹簧,采取拼装式框架设计,样机的实船安装满足了平台的安装功能要求。仿真计算结果说明三向大变形抗冲击平台方案所选用的抗冲击元件能够满足台体的变形位移要求,所选取的台体材料在冲击环境下未超出其许用应力范围。     

利用浮动冲击平台考核舰用设备抗冲击能力的数值仿真研究

大质量舰用设备一般利用浮动冲击平台进行抗冲击能力评估,但试验过程复杂,费时、费力且花费较多。近些年随着非线性有限元技术的发展,利用有限元法对浮动冲击平台试验仿真考核舰用设备抗冲击性能成为可能。针对浮动冲击平台上舰用设备抗冲击能力进行研究,利用有限元软件ABAQUS进行水下爆炸分析,考虑流固耦合效应,研究浮动冲击平台上的安装设备在不同爆炸距离和不同炸药深度下的冲击响应,为舰用设备特别是大质量设备的抗冲击能力的评估和大型浮动冲击平台的设计提供参考。     

浮动冲击平台对应实船冲击环境判别分析

由于浮动冲击平台自身结构与实船存在差异,使其在水下爆炸过程中提供给设备的冲击环境较难与实船建立对应关系。为使浮动冲击平台不同工况所得设备抗冲击能力能反应不同排水量舰船及舰船不同位置的设备抗冲击性能,对4艘不同排水量舰船在水中爆炸冲击波作用下垂向滤波效应进行研究;对不同工况下浮动冲击平台与设备连接处的冲击谱参数用Fisher方法与舰船内外底谱参数判别分析,并通过数值仿真验证判别结果的合理性。结果表明,排水量较大船体滤波效应较明显,无上层建筑一甲板较船体内部二、三甲板冲击环境恶劣。通过多元统计分析判别方法建立的实船与浮动冲击平台考核设备冲击环境对应关系,对舰船设备考核具有一定指导意义。     

潜艇设备冲击试验舱段环境特性研究

对于新研舰载设备,各国海军均要求其抗冲击性能满足考核标准才可装舰使用。为了进行对潜艇内大型设备在接近实战条件下的考核试验,设计并建造了模拟潜艇的试验舱段平台。在不同爆源距离的标准考核工况下,数值模拟了试验舱段的水下爆炸试验,对试验舱段提供的冲击环境进行预报,并根据数值模拟结果及相关理论计算拟定试验工况后,完成了3次水下爆炸试验。通过对实测冲击谱的圆整及插值拟合分析得出,试验舱段的建立满足大型设备冲击环境指标的横垂比要求,为进一步考核潜艇内大型设备抗冲击性能提供了必要的环境。     

舰船设备抗冲击能力的可靠性分析

在进行舰船设备系统抗冲击设计及优化分析中,必须要确定舰船设备的抗冲击能力值,而影响设备冲击响应的多种随机因素使设备抗冲击能力具有随机性。本文提出了考虑各种随机因素影响的设备抗冲击能力可靠性的定义和分析方法,结合神经网络建立了设备冲击响应预测模型,在数值冲击试验基础上,结合Monte Carlo法分析了典型舰船设备抗冲击能力的统计特征。分析方法和结果可为今后舰船设备及系统的抗冲击性能分析、舰船系统抗冲击性能评估提供参考。     

水下非接触爆炸抗冲击缓冲平台性能研究

为有效测量水下非接触爆炸试验中舰船及设备的抗冲击性能,保护测量设备在冲击环境下能够安全使用,根据设备冲击输入设计和研制了抗冲击缓冲平台,以减小舰船设备在水下非接触爆炸冲击作用下受到的冲击.按照要求的缓冲平台设计载荷和缓冲效率,进行缓冲器刚度的选择和结构设计,利用仿真运算设计工况.经海上实爆冲击试验验证,该缓冲平台能有效...     

水下爆炸作用下潜艇冲击环境影响因素研究

潜艇结构在其生命周期内不可避免会遭受水下爆炸冲击载荷作用,水下爆炸载荷引起的潜艇板架结构冲击响应往往是引起舰载设备破坏的主要因素,为保证潜艇结构安全性和舰载设备正常使用,有必要对潜艇设备冲击环境进行深入研究。潜艇在水下爆炸载荷作用下冲击环境计算涉及到攻角、炸药类型、冲击因子、水深以及舰载设备安装位置等多方面因素影响。采用数值仿真方法,对影响潜艇设备冲击环境的多方面因素分别进行研究,为潜艇结构抗冲击设计提供参考。     

中型浮动冲击平台结构设计研究

大中型舰载设备的抗冲击考核试验需通过浮动冲击平台进行,而平台的结构形式决定试验能否成功进行。本文对我国尚未起步建设的中型浮动冲击平台进行了结构设计分析。通过非线性双渐近法对平台的响应进行分析,提出了几种浮动冲击平台结构形式,对其强度和冲击环境进行了分析。结果表明：浮动冲击平台的主要响应为刚体运动,外板夹层箱形梁结构形式的平台强度最好,平台内底板提供的冲击环境中谱位移与谱速度与规范较吻合,谱加速度需利用甲板模拟器辅助装置滤波才能与规范较一致。分析成果可为我国用于大中型舰载设备考核的浮动冲击平台建设提供参考。     

舰载电子设备抗冲击设计概要

舰载电子设备是舰船信息化建设的基础,在实际工作环境中,不可避免地会受到水下爆炸冲击作用,如果结构设计不当,将使其受到损害以至失效。从舰船冲击环境和电子设备的抗冲击要求出发,概要性地提出舰载电子设备抗冲击设计的基本原则,指出在电子机柜设计、冲击下工程材料的动态特性及采用隔振器进行抗冲击防护设计三方面的要点,并对采用冲击试验机对舰载电子设备抗冲击能力进行考核时冲击试验机的选择和相关冲击标准进行介绍。     

舰船设备冲击试验机研究进展

简单回顾了各国海军舰船设备冲击试验研究的发展历史，并介绍了考核舰船设备抗冲击破坏能力的主要试验手段，如舰艇水下爆炸试验、虚拟冲击试验以及冲击试验机模拟冲击试验。详细分析了世界各主要国家的冲击试验机发展现状，得出冲击试验机在三个方面的发展趋势：1）模拟实际冲击过程，如模拟水下爆炸过程中的第一次冲击波和气泡脉动效应的双波冲击试验机；2）能够试验重型设备，向超大规模试验方向发展；3）精确波形控制，利用现代技术增强试验过程的可重复性。     

Universal Educational and Research Facility for the Study of the Processes of Generation and Propagation of Acoustic Emission Waves

The design and the algorithm for the use of an approved universal educational and research facility is described. The facility is designed to simulate a wide range of model controlled objects (vessels, pipelines, tube furnaces, reservoirs, etc.) and the main acoustic emission (AE) sources: cracks, leaks, corrosion damage, sites damaged by an aggressive medium, etc. The AE simulators installed at the facility are equipped with waveguides to provide the acoustic connection and protect the main elements of the facility in case of fracture of the simulators. The AE simulators are controlled using a loading device to preset the fracture initiation point and the simulator fracture rate. The facility is designed so as to provide low-cost repeated simulation of diverse situations that occur during the operation and examination of dangerous industrial objects. The facility can be used for research, education, and certification of personnel, techniques, and AE hardware; thus, it is useful for nondestructive testing laboratories.     

Client-server model of integrated production facilities

The objective of the reported research is to develop a new design-model of distributed facilities, where production is integrated and operates under computer supported collaboration. The main innovation has been the exploitation of the analogy of the highly effective client-server computing environment for the benefit of production facilities design. As a variant of flexible manufacturing systems, the challenge is to manage the distributed material and information flow. The solution approach developed here is by protocols. The goal is to explain the design of the client-server production model and its coordination protocols, including functions of synchronization and resource allocation. An implementation of the model in an assembly and test facility and its application over the last three years serve to explain the model and illustrate its significance. Time-out and priority assignment protocols are defined and analysed in the context of the model to demonstrate its specific benefits.     

Modeling and analysis of the product assignment problem in single stage electronic assembly systems

Consider the production of an evolving family of similar products, each having a well-defined life cycle. The fundamental production resources are inherently flexible, i.e., reconfigurable and reprogrammable. Two distinct strategies can be followed in configuring production facilities: (1) focused facilities, where a facility is dedicated to one product at a time, but may be reassigned; and (2) nonfocused facilities, where setup operations permit a variety of products to be produced during a given planning period. When focused facilities are used, which is a common strategy in some electronics companies, products must be assigned to specific facilities. If facilities are not identical, and capacity is limited, then changing production requirements may force reassignment of products from one facility to another. Thus, the product assignment/reassignment decision may have a significant impact on the production capacity required. This paper concentrates on the product assignment/reassignment decision when a pure focused facility strategy is used. This problem is analyzed and a number of insights are developed. Based on this analysis, the problem is reformulated and an optimal solution procedure based on a multi-commodity network flow model is presented and tested for the product assignment/reassignment decision     

某型舰船缩比模型对水下爆炸动态响应的试验研究

对某型舰船缩比模型遭受水下爆炸载荷时的动态响应进行了试验研究。模型参照某型水面舰船按照一定比例而设计,用于考核某型舰船结构的冲击响应。试验工况为六个远场非接触爆炸工况,冲击因子从0.1到0.35,利用分别装在甲板处、底部平台和龙骨上的加速度计、应变来测量模型的冲击响应。试验结果表明,模型上各测点加速度响应随着冲击因子的增大而增大,船模离爆源最近处的响应最强,爆源中心布放时响应由中心处往边缘处减弱。研究结果对今后的实船或模型爆炸试验具有一定的借鉴作用。     

基于PXI的水下目标辐射噪声和信号模拟器

文中以宽带和多目标信号为模型,在虚拟仪器开发环境LabWindows/CVI下,设计和开发了基于PXI总线的水下目标模拟器。目标模拟器产生24阵元平面水声基阵的接收信号,在实验室里模拟海洋环境下的目标回波、混响和环境噪声,提供测试水声设备所需的各种目标信号。最后给出了该系统在水声自导系统调试和性能测试应用中的结果。     

Scope versus focus: issues of flexibility, capacity, and number of production facilities

How should a multi-product manufacturing firm design production facilities? How many facilities should it have? How many and which products should be assigned to each facility? What batch sizes/scheduling rules are appropriate for facilities making more than one product? These are questions that have become more relevant now as advances in manufacturing technologies offer an increasing array of equipment choices. In this article, we introduce models that can help operations managers answer the above questions. For a specific product mix, these models lead to explicit expressions for the number of facilities, the number of products assigned to each facility and their corresponding capacities. We evaluate the effect of different operating parameters and scheduling policies on the optimality of different configurations. In particular, we show that the choice of the scheduling and batch sizing policies can have a significant effect on the nature of the optimal mix of flexible and d edicated facilities as well the size of these facilities.     

Designing self-storage warehouses with customer choice

Self-storage warehousing is a rapidly growing industry where consumers or companies can rent storage space for personal or company use, over a certain horizon. This paper addresses the question of how to design the facilities so that revenue can be maximised over a finite horizon, considering multiple demand requirements with respect to size, pricing, location within the facility, climate control, security or outside access, among others. Using a customer choice model to specify the probability of purchase for each fare product as a function of the set of fare products offered, we propose methods to design self-storage warehouses while allowing different customer choice behaviours. We model the problem as a mixed-integer program and solve it using column generation and branch-and-price algorithms. In addition, we study the impact of re-layout and methods to modify facility layout, since self-storage facilities are relatively flexible in layout and individual storage compartments can be adapted to changes in demand. We validate our model using the data of four self-storage warehouses, and show our method can improve the expected revenue by nearly 11% on average for these cases.