走向辉煌——我国从“十五”起步向轴承工业强国迈进

轴承行业“十五”发展规划纲要，郑重提出了行业中长期战略发展目标，即从“十五”起步，经过3～4个五年计划的努力奋斗，争取产生一个质的飞跃，成为世界轴承工业强国。“十五”规划已经实施三年，行业已经或正在发生着巨大的变化。及时总结我们已经     

我国包装工业目前的形势和今后的任务

一、中国包装工业经过近十八年的发展初具规模包装作为为国民经济各行业配套服务的大行业，伴随着我国社会主义现代化建设的不断发展而壮大，特别是改革开放以来，在社会主义市场经济体制的建设进程中，包装行业得到了迅速的发展，可以说已经形成一个以纸、塑料、金属、玻...     

3D影像技术在电视新闻中的应用探讨

21世纪是影像急速发展的时期，近几年，随着电影《阿凡达》的火爆公映，经过几年的发展3D技术更是几乎占据了整个电影市场。社会对3D技术的掌握虽然还存在问题但已经开始渐渐的走向成熟。随着社会的不断发展，各行业的融合渗透也越来越深刻，人们对生活的要求也越来越高，进而促使了3D影响技术在电视行业发展的基础。3D技术的发展毕竟时间还不长，处于初级发展阶段，如何将3D技术与电视新闻行业进行融合，使人们在观看新闻的同时，感受到3D技术的播放效果确实还存在一些问题和挑战。本文对3D电视技术进行介绍，并对3D影像技术在电视新闻中的应用前景以及优势进行介绍。     

全球制冷空调行业近期变化概览

从国际制冷空调行业近几年变化入手，依据国际主要市场数据，介绍区域变化情况。根据国内2005年行业生产及销售情况，分析行业现状及发展前景，同时通过回顾2005年行业生存发展环境整体概貌，分析企业的发展机遇与风险。     

中空制品发展方向的探讨

中国包协塑料包装委员会中空专业组（塑料中空行业经济技术协作组）成立于1984年，行业组成立时，成员厂为56个，到1990年发展到61个，当时据不完全统计，中空制品产量为34300吨，拥有塑料吹塑成型机670台／套，其中由意大利，日本，西德引进设备数百套。行业组发展至今，已经历了十几个年头，生产规模不断壮大，不断从国外引进新的技术，新的设备，采用现代化管理方法，使我行业逐步缩短与世界先进国家同行业之间的差距。近几年来，在激烈的市场经济竞争冲击下，一些原骨干成员企业由于种种原因出现了亏损，行业组经济技术指标完成值有所下…     

全国包装行业“九五”发展规划及2010年远景发展目标

全国包装行业“九五”发展规划及２０１０年远景发展目标根据党的十四届五中全会的精神和国务院、国家计委、国家经贸委关于编制“九五”规划和２０１０年远景目标的指示，结合包装行业的具体情况，特编制本文件。一、包装行业“八五”规划实施概况（一）包装行业“八五”...     

石化通用机械行业“九五”发展战略初探

从大行业发展的战略角度，分析了石化通用机械制造行业的差距和问题，提出了该行业今后发展的一些设想，并探讨了石化通用机械行业的“九五”发展战略及其保证战略实施的对策。     

我国瓦楞纸箱包装行业de发展与思考

近两年来，我国瓦楞纸箱包装行业的发展情况，不断引起媒体和行业的高度关注，究竟如何评价我国瓦楞纸箱包装行业的发展现状，特别是对发展中出现的问题应该如何看待和解决，还有待进一步深入探讨。为此，笔者现就我国瓦楞纸箱行业发展和出现的问题及原因、今后的发展思路作一分析，并求教于同行。     

探讨当前形势下交通建设工程质量检测

论文介绍了工程质量检测的几种常见技术，通过分析交通建设工程质量检测行业的现状，对行业发展中存在的问题进行了分析和探讨。最后提出了促进交通建设工程质量检测行业走上规范、健康发展道路的监管对策。     

小型制冷机低温生物医学专业委员会工作会议在大连召开

中国制冷学会小型制冷机低温生物医学专业委员会（简称小型制冷专委会）于2005年8月6日至7日在大连召开了专委会工作会议。会议就专委会2005年工作计划、今后的工作开展、学术交流等工作，特别是对行业核心技术的现状、问题展开了热烈的讨论。会议商定定期召开工作会议就有关行业共性问题和难点进行研讨，对行业发展定能产生积极影响。大家表示：学会的事大家办，携手共进，为我国小型制冷行业发展多做贡献。     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

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