喷雾沉积法制造的铝基复合材料的超塑性

喷雾沉积法制造的ＳｉＣＰ／ＬＹ１２复合材料经热压和热正挤压后，晶粒得以细化，ＳｉＣＰ分布的均匀性大大改善。超塑性拉伸试验结果表明：ＳｉＣＰ／ＬＹ１２复合材料具有超塑性；变形温度、应变速率对极限延伸率和应变速率敏感性指数ｍ值均有较大的影响。在变形温度为５００℃和初始应变速率为１．０×１０－３ｓ－１时，获得的极限延伸率为３４５％。     

压力浸渗SiCW/LY12复合材料的超塑性

对压力浸渗、小挤压比挤压以及进一步扎制制备的β－ＳｉＣ晶须增强ＬＹ１２铝基复合材料的超塑性变形行为进行了研究。研究表明：该复合材料在温度７８８￣８０８Ｋ、初始应变再率为３．３×１０＾－３￣３．３×１０＾－２ｓ＾－１的条件下超塑性变形时,延伸率为２００％￣３７０％。     

温轧态2618A铝合金高应速率超塑性的研究

对温轧态２６１８Ａ铝合金在不同度温（４７０－５５０℃）和应变速率为１０＾－＾３－１０ｓ＾０＾－＾１范围内的塑性进行了研究，确定了最佳超塑性变形规范：在５００－５３０℃温度范围内，应变速率为２．８×１０＾－＾１ｓ＾－＾１的条件，可获得大于２３０％。的延伸率，表明该合金具有高应变速率超塑性的特性。     

温轧态2618A铝合金高应变速率超塑性的研究

对温轧态２６１８Ａ铝合金在不同温度（４７０～５５０℃）和应变速率为１０￣（－３）～１０￣（０）ｓ￣（－１）范围内的超塑性进行了研究，确定了最佳超塑性变形规范：在５００～５３０℃温度范围内，应变速率为２．８×１０￣（－１）ｓ￣（－１）的条件下，可获得大于２３０％的延伸率，表明该合金具有高应变速率超塑性的特性。     

SiCp／202Al复合材料的超塑性能及断口形貌

熔铸法（ＩＭ）制备的ＳｉＣ颗粒（１４μｍ）增强２０２４Ａｌ复合材料经轧制成材后，在４９０、５１０、５２０和５３０℃，初始应变速率在１．６７￣１０＾－４￣１．６７×１０＾－３ｓ＾－１的范围内进行了超塑拉伸试验。结果表明，在５２０℃、初始变速速率为８．３３×１０＾－４ｓ＾－１，超塑延伸率最大，为２９０％，ｍ值约为０．４９。同时，利用扫描电镜观察断口形貌，分析了变形机理。     

冷轧态SiCp/LY12复合材料超塑性及变形机制

研究了冷轧态ＳｉＣ颗粒（ｄｐ＝１０μｍ）增强ＬＹ１２复合材料（ＳｉＣｐ／ＬＹ１２）的超塑性,着重探讨了变形机制。研究表明：（１）在温度Ｔ＝８０３Ｋ（比熔点高２６Ｋ）,初始应变速度ε０＝４．８×１０＾－４ｓ＾－１时,应变速度敏感系数ｍ值为０．４９,延伸率达２４０％;（２）超塑性变形后的晶粒尺寸约为１０μｍ;（３）该事材料超塑性变形的主要机制是晶界液相和基体中动态回复调节的但却受界面液相和界面扩散流释     

Cu—Zn—Al形状记忆合金的超塑性研究

用超塑性拉伸试验方法，研究了加入晶粒化剂Ｚｒ的冷变形Ｃｕ－２２．６７％Ｚｎ－４．５９％ａｌ形状记忆合金的短暂超塑性变形。在６００℃，以初始应变速率ε＝５．５５×１０＾－４ｓ＾－１进行拉伸试验可获得优良的超塑性性能，延伸率δ４６０％。超塑性变形过程中激活能为７４．４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，与铜沿晶自扩散激活能值接近，从而认为该合的超塑性变形机制为晶界的滑移和迁移过程，这上结论与金相观察及断口分析相一致。     

Cu－Zn－Al形状记忆合金的超塑性研究

用超塑性拉伸试验方法，研究了加入晶粒细化剂Ｚｒ的冷变形Ｃｕ－２２．６７％Ｚｎ－４．５９％Ａｌ形状记亿合金的短暂超塑性变形．在６００℃，以初始应变速率ε＝５．５５×１０－４ｓ－１进行拉伸试验可获得优良的超塑性性能，延伸率δ＝４６０％．超塑性变形过程中激活能为７４．４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，与铜沿晶自扩散激活能值接近．从而认为该合金的超塑性变形机制为晶界的滑移和迁移过程，这一结论与金相观察及断口分析相一致     

钇铝榴石晶体的超高温强度和流变性

在温度高达２０２３Ｋ，可控氧分和不同应变速率条件下，对钇铝榴石晶体进行了蠕变实验，研究表明，钇铝榴石晶体的脆－延性转变温度高达１８３３Ｋ，在温度低于２０２３Ｋ和应变速率大于１０＾－５．ｓ＾－１的条件下，其蠕变流动强度高于３０００ＭＰｑ对钇铝榴石晶体蠕变机制的研究表明，其高温塑性变形起因于晶体的位错滑移，晶体在高温下的高强度与其很高的Ｐｅｉｅｒｉｓ力相关，钇铝榴石晶体在高温晶体稳定性和超高强度使其菜     

工艺参数对Al2O3／Al复合材料组织与性能的影响

研究了反应自生复合材料的生长工艺参数对组织和性能的影响。结果表明：Ａｌ－３．０Ｍｇ－１０Ｓｉ接在１４００－１６００Ｋ氧化可得到Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ陶瓷基复合材料，其中金属含量为１０％和３０％。在１５７３Ｋ氧化１０ｈ后，可得到孔隙很少，含２０％金属的复合材料，其弯曲强度为３６４ＭＰａ，断裂韧性为１１．０ＭＰａｍ＾１／２。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.