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采用正交实验法,通过等离子电弧炉制备添加不同含量Ni,Mo和Cu元素的13Cr不锈钢,研究合金的微观组织、结构特征以及饱和CO2油田采出液中的腐蚀电化学和高温高压浸泡腐蚀行为。结果表明:合金组织主要为马氏体和铁素体,随Ni,Mo和Cu含量不同而变化;Ni4Mo1.2Cu1.4合金中马氏体含量较高,硬度达到296.48HV1.0;所有合金均呈现出明显钝化特征,Ni4Mo1.2Cu1.4合金具有最低的维钝电流密度2.99×10-6A.cm-2和最高的点蚀电位0.35V(SCE),钝化稳定性最高;制备合金在高温高压下的浸泡腐蚀速率为0.041~0.053mm/a,低于0.076mm/a;Ni,Mo和Cu元素加入提高了合金的自腐蚀电位,降低了腐蚀倾向,其中Cu对于改善合金耐蚀性能作用最为突出。 相似文献
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采用正交实验法,通过等离子电弧炉制备添加不同含量Ni,Mo和Cu元素的13Cr不锈钢,研究合金的微观组织、结构特征以及饱和CO2油田采出液中的腐蚀电化学和高温高压浸泡腐蚀行为。结果表明:合金组织主要为马氏体和铁素体,随Ni,Mo和Cu含量不同而变化;Ni4Mo1.2Cu1.4合金中马氏体含量较高,硬度达到296.48HV1.0;所有合金均呈现出明显钝化特征,Ni4Mo1.2Cu1.4合金具有最低的维钝电流密度2.99×10-6A.cm-2和最高的点蚀电位0.35V(SCE),钝化稳定性最高;制备合金在高温高压下的浸泡腐蚀速率为0.041~0.053mm/a,低于0.076mm/a;Ni,Mo和Cu元素加入提高了合金的自腐蚀电位,降低了腐蚀倾向,其中Cu对于改善合金耐蚀性能作用最为突出。 相似文献
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采用化学浸泡法和模拟闭塞电池方法研究了固溶+时效和固溶+调整+时效处理的0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb马氏体不锈钢的耐点腐蚀性能,并与18-8型奥氏体不锈钢(316L)耐点蚀性能进行了对比。结果表明,0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb马氏体不锈钢组织内富Cu析出相促进了点蚀坑萌生,而点蚀坑发展则与组织形貌有关。固溶+调整+时效处理的0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb马氏体不锈钢因组织内析出富Cu相多而大,其萌生的点蚀坑密度较高,但由于马氏体板条较细,其点蚀坑尺寸和深度较小;固溶+时效处理的0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb马氏体不锈钢因组织内析出富Cu相少而小,萌生的点蚀坑密度较低,但粗大的板条马氏体组织导致点蚀坑尺寸和深度较大。与18-8型奥氏体不锈钢耐点蚀性能对比表明,通过对0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb马氏体不锈钢进行合理的热处理,其耐点蚀性能可与18-8型奥氏体不锈钢相当。 相似文献
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超级马氏体不锈钢耐各种介质的腐蚀对其使用至关重要。采用电化学噪声(ENC)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和动电位极化(PDP)曲线,研究了00Cr15超级马氏体不锈钢在含H2SO4的酸性NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:随着其浸泡时间的延长,噪声电阻逐渐增大,噪声谱功率曲线的斜率在48 h时突然下降,即钝化膜变得稳定;电化学阻抗谱中的容抗弧随时间的延长逐渐增大,48 h后基本不再变化;随浸泡时间的延长,点蚀电位升高,维钝电流密度下降;00Cr15超级马氏体不锈钢在含H2SO4的酸性NaCl溶液中的再钝化能力强,耐蚀性好。 相似文献
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结合腐蚀形貌,通过极化曲线、交流阻抗谱(EIS)和莫特肖特基(MS)曲线的测定,分析了溶液pH值对AM355不锈钢腐蚀电化学行为的影响。结果表明:随溶液pH值的减小,腐蚀电位正移,腐蚀电流密度增大,致钝电位发生了正移,致钝电流密度、维钝电流密度增大。钝化膜由铬氧化物和铁氧化物组成,酸性增加使得铁氧化物施主浓度增大,钝化膜表面吸附氢离子电荷密度增加。钝化膜的厚度及其电阻随pH值的减小而减小,钝化膜更容易被破坏,酸性达到一定程度,钝化膜局部区域优先腐蚀。溶液pH值减小,AM355在溶液中保持自钝化性能降低,材料的腐蚀速率增加。 相似文献
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奥氏体抗菌不锈钢的微观组织及抗菌性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
含Cu奥氏体抗菌不锈钢经特殊的抗菌热处理析出ε—Cu相,采用覆膜法研究其抗菌性能。实验结果表明:奥氏体抗菌不锈钢易于杀灭大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌;杀灭鼠伤寒杆菌需要一定时间;杀灭白色念株菌需要较长时间。这与细菌的细胞壁组织结构、细胞壁厚度及其属性有关。抗菌不锈钢对细胞壁较薄、肽聚糖含量较低、组织疏松、金属离子易穿透细胞壁的细菌易于杀灭;反之,细菌不易于杀灭。随着抗菌作用时间的延长,溶液中铜离子浓度的提高,抗菌不锈钢的杀菌效力显著提高。奥氏体抗菌不锈钢经表面打磨或磨损仍然具有同样的抗菌性能。 相似文献
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时效处理对含铜马氏体抗菌不锈钢抗菌性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用覆膜法研究了时效温度和时效时间对含铜马氏体不锈钢抗菌性能的影响,结果表明当不锈钢经过500℃时效处理时就表现出明显的抗菌性能;当时效温度升高至700℃时不锈钢对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的杀菌率达到99.9%以上,表现出优秀的抗菌性能。 相似文献
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不锈钢表面渗铜扩散复合处理合金层的抗菌性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用等离子表面合金化及辉光轰击热扩散复合处理技术在不锈钢表面进行了铜合金化处理. 利用薄膜密贴法对改性层的抗菌性能进行了测试. 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、辉光放电光谱分析仪(GDOES)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等手段, 研究了铜合金层的微观组织、化学成分分布及抗菌前后表面铜的价态变化. 结果表明, 铜合金层对大肠杆菌(E. coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)都展现了优良抗菌性能; 合金层表面铜约为5.7wt%, 合金层厚度约2.7 µm; 表面铜合金化不锈钢与菌液接触后, 不锈钢表面的铜元素以铜离子析出, 并且与试验菌种发生作用, 杀灭试验细菌. 相似文献
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Ling Ren Ke Yang Lei Guo Hong-wei Chai 《Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications》2012,32(5):1204-1209
In this study the copper (Cu)-bearing stainless steel was developed to reduce the incidence of implant-associated infections in clinical areas. A 317L austenitic stainless steel containing 4.5% Cu (317L-Cu SS) was designed and fabricated, and its anti-infective function was preliminarily studied both in vitro and in vivo by means of antibacterial test, confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, and animal implantation. The results indicated that the 317L-Cu SS possessed strong antibacterial rates against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and showed anti-infective ability by inhibiting the formation of bacterial bio-film on surface of the steel due to the release of Cu ions from the steel surface. The microbiological and histological evaluations from animal implantation further proved that the 317L-Cu SS could obviously reduce the happening of bacterial infection, and is potential to be used as a new class of surgical implant material with anti-infective function. 相似文献
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Copper (Cu) precipitation behavior in a type 304 Cu-bearing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel was studied by analyses of variations in micro-hardness, electrical resistivity, electrochemical impedance and lattice constant of the steel, complemented with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, showing more or less changes on these properties of the steel with different aging time. It was found that both micro-hardness and electrical resistivity measurements were relatively sensitive and accurate to reflect the Cu precipitation behavior in the experimental steel, indicating the beginning and finishing points of the precipitation, which are more simple and effective to be used for development of the new type of antibacterial stainless steels. 相似文献
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A study was made on the antibacterial mechanism of copper-bearing austenitic antibacterial stainless steel by a series of methods such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation, force-distance curves and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer test. It was observed by AFM that the structure of the outer cell membrane responsible for the cell permeability was substantially changed for the bacteria after contacting with the antibacterial stainless steel, showing that cell walls were seriously damaged and a lot of contents in the cells leaked. It was also found that the adhesion force of bacteria to antibacterial stainless steel was considerably greater than that to the contrast steel, indicating that the electrostatic forces by Cu(2+ )being an important factor for killing bacteria. 相似文献
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The Cu precipitation in a high Cu austenitic antibacterial stainless steel (3.8–5.0% Cu) was studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The results indicated that DSC analysis could be used to detect the Cu precipitation in the experimental steel with different Cu additions. Two stages of precipitation were identified in the steel by DSC analysis, clustering of Cu-rich phases and dissolution/coarsening of the precipitates formed at the first stage. DSC analyses also showed that with increase of the Cu content in the steel, the start temperature of Cu precipitation was decreased and the peak area of Cu precipitation was enlarged. The activation energy for Cu precipitation in the steel was determined to be 181 kJ/mol, indicating that the process should be mainly related to the diffusion of Cu atoms in the steel. 相似文献
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为了明确盐酸基酸洗液对含Cu抗菌不锈钢表面氧化层的酸洗行为,采用正交试验法研究以盐酸为基础,Fe~(3+)、H_2O_2和HNO_3为氧化剂的304Cu抗菌不锈钢酸洗工艺.并运用扫描电镜、透射电镜及电化学等手段分析经最佳配方酸洗后试样的表面形貌、成分及酸洗机理.结果表明:最佳酸洗工艺配方为HCl(36%~38%)120 ml/L、H_2O_2(30%)80 ml/L、FeCl_3·6H_2O 20g/L、HNO_310 ml/L,酸洗温度30℃,酸洗时间15 min.经该配方酸洗后材料表面平整度和光亮度较好,具有抗菌性能的点状ε-Cu相在基体上弥散分布.材料经酸洗去除氧化层后,仍具有足够含量的抗菌元素Cu存在.酸洗脱除氧化层过程由电荷传递过程控制,该酸洗液对不锈钢具有孔蚀诱导性,酸洗时间不宜过长. 相似文献