碱性介质中Al-Ga-Sn-Mg的阳极行为研究

炼制了纯铝及含有Ga、Sn、Mg的铝合金阳极，通过极化曲线、交流阻抗、恒电流集气等电化学方法研究了其在4mol/L KOH溶液中的阳极行为，并探讨了Na2SnO3在此介质中对铝阳极性能的影响。结果表明：铝在碱性介质中的自腐蚀析氢呈现典型的正差异效应。铝合金在碱性介质中的阳极极化小，表面的析氢量低，极化电位负，表面溶解均匀，阳极性能较好。锡酸钠不仅可以有效抑制铝阳极在碱性介质中的析氢，同时活化了铝阳极。     

碱溶液中添加剂对铝阳极行为的影响

为了提高铝活化性能以及降低析氢腐蚀，用电化学方法研究了在4mol／LKOH溶液中，添加剂酒石酸钾钠（C4H4O6KNa）、邻氨基苯酚（NH2C6H4OH）以及复合添加剂对铝阳极（W（AJ）=99．999％）电化学行为的影响。结果表明：C4H4O6KNa对抑制铝的析氢腐蚀作用不大，但大幅度提高铝阳极的活性。添加NH：C6H40H，主要作用是大幅度抑制铝的析氢腐蚀，对铝活性几乎无影响。复合添加剂（C4H4O6KNa＋NH2C6H4OH＋KMnO4）能明显降低铝阳极在碱性介质中的极化，提高其活性，同时析氢腐蚀也降低，其最佳配方为：15mmol/L C4H4O6KNa＋0．4mol／LNH2C6H4OH＋0．8mmol／LK2MnO4。     

碱性有机体系中铝阳极的电化学行为

为了提高铝的活化性能和减少铝的腐蚀,用电化学方法研究了碱性甲醇有机体系及加入添加剂饱和Ca(OH)2对铝阳极(w(Al)=99.999%)电化学行为的影响.结果表明:浓度4 mol/L KOH-甲醇 w(H2O)30%体系能大幅度抑制铝的腐蚀,但极化程度有所增大;添加剂饱和Ca(OH)2,使铝在浓度4 mol/L KOH-甲醇 w(H2O)30% 饱和Ca(OH)2中的电化学活性接近在浓度4 mol/L KOH水溶液中的活性;在1.20 V处的电流密度比无添加剂时的提高了1.402倍;开路电位值Eocp为-1.870 V.同时铝的腐蚀速度降低,缓蚀率为87.67%.     

添加剂K2MnO4对铝阳极电化学性能的影响

用塔菲尔曲线、线性扫描伏安法、交流阻抗、恒电流放电等方法，研究了在4mol／LKOH溶液中，添加剂K2MnO4对四种纯铝阳极（99．999％、99．99％、99．82％、99．5％）电化学性能的影响，结果表明：K2MnO4能够提高铝阳极的电荷传递电阻（R）、抑制析氢腐蚀，同时提高其电活化性能（如降低极化、开路电位负移、放电性能提高），特别是对工业纯铝（99．5％）的活化性能改善很大；此外，K2MnO4的最佳浓度为0．8mmol／L。     

L-半胱氨酸/ZnO缓蚀剂对3102铝合金在碱性溶液中电化学性能的影响

选用防锈铝合金3102作为铝空气电池阳极材料,研究有机/无机复合缓蚀剂L-半胱氨酸/Zn O对3102铝合金在4 mol/L Na OH溶液中腐蚀及放电性能的影响。结果表明:复合缓蚀剂明显降低了3102铝合金的自腐蚀速率。在Na OH及Na OH/L-半胱氨酸溶液中,铝阳极溶解由电荷转移控制;而在含Zn O的溶液中,铝阳极的溶解由锌盐及腐蚀产物的扩散控制。在4 mol/L Na OH碱性溶液中添加L-半胱氨酸/Zn O复合缓蚀剂,3102铝合金作为阳极材料的铝空气电池的放电性能明显得到改善。     

Al-In-Mg系铝合金阳极在NaOH溶液中的电化学行为

以Al-In-Mg合金为基础，选择添加Pb、Mn、sn制备了4类铝合金阳极材料。通过自腐蚀、开路电位、阳极极化方式研究了该系列合金阳极在c(NaOH)=4mol／L溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为，初步分析了合金成分、介质温度及溶液缓蚀剂对合金阳极性能的影响。结果发现：制备的3#(Al-In-Mg-Sn)合金、4#(Al-In-Mg-Sn-Pb)合金阳极在c(NaOH)=4mol／L c(Na2SnO3)=0．04mol／L溶液中表现出更好的电化学性能，具有比纯铝(99．95％)更负的开路电位，更小的自腐蚀速率和更低的阳极极化。     

添加剂硫脲对铝阳极电化学行为的影响

为了提高铝的耐蚀性以及活化性能,用线性扫描伏安法、交流阻抗、恒电流放电等方法,研究了在4 mol/L的KOH溶液中,添加剂硫脲对铝阳极(w(Al)=99.999%)电化学性能的影响,结果表明:当硫脲质量分数为3%时,铝阳极具有较好的活化和缓蚀性能.铝的缓蚀率达48.7%,且开路电位Eocp负移出现最大值达-1.74 V.在-1.2 V下,铝的电流密度高达122.6 mA/cm2,比在4 mol/L的KOH中要大102.5 mA/cm2.     

单氟磷酸钠在混凝土模拟孔隙液中的缓蚀特性

采用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了Na2PO3F在模拟混凝土孔隙液中对钢筋的保护作用。Na2PO3F的加入导致混凝土钢筋的腐蚀电位负移,对钢筋的阴极和阳极电化学过程均有抑制作用,是一种混合型缓蚀剂。Na2PO3F能够在钢筋表面形成沉淀型保护膜,阻挡侵蚀性离子对钢筋的侵蚀。     

电解液温度对铝阳极合金电化学性能的影响

铝基阳极合金是一种有发展前途的电池用阳极材料,采用开路电位、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱和恒电流放电曲线等测试方法,研究了电解液温度对铝阳极合金在4mol·L-1 NaOH溶液中电化学性能的影响。结果表明,随着电解液温度的升高,铝阳极合金的活化性能增强,其开路电位和工作电位明显负移,但合金的自腐蚀析氢速率增大。当温度为40℃时,合金表现出较好的综合性能和均匀的腐蚀形貌。     

有机覆膜对热烧结锌铝涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响

为提高热烧结锌铝涂层（简称锌铝涂层）的耐蚀性,在涂层表面涂覆一层环氧富铝膜,形成复合涂层。采用十字划格法测试锌铝涂层和复合涂层的附着强度,并用扫描电镜（SEM）分析涂层微观形貌;用海水全浸实验和中性盐雾实验评价涂层的耐蚀性能;采用动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）研究涂层的电化学性能。结果表明,复合涂层表面更为完整致密,防水性能优于锌铝涂层;环氧富铝膜层能够有效的阻挡腐蚀介质的入侵,复合涂层耐蚀性比锌铝涂层高。复合涂层腐蚀初期主要为扩散控制,随着腐蚀介质的不断渗入,环氧膜层中的Al粉发生活化反应,起到了一定的牺牲阳极保护作用。有机覆膜提高了锌铝涂层在海洋环境中的适用能力。     

Effects of electrolyte components on properties of Al alloy anode

The effects of Na2SnO3, In(OH)3 and Na2SnO3+In(OH)3 on the properties of Al alloy anode were studied in alkaline medium at 25 ℃. The self-corrosion rate of Al alloy anode was studied by method of H2 immersed in aqueous medium, and the electrochemical properties of Al alloy anode were tested via galvanostatic discharge and dynamic potential methods. The results show that the self-corrosion rate of Al alloy anode in 4 mol/L NaOH+3 mol/L NaAlO2 medium can be minimized by adding Na2SnO3, In(OH)3 and Na2SnO3+ In(OH)3. Na2SnO3, In(OH)3 and Na2SnO3+In(OH)3 make Al anodic potential shift positively in galvanostatic discharging. The most effective additive of Al alloy anode in 4 mol/L NaOH+3 mol/L NaAlO2 medium is 0.075 mol/L Na2SnO3+0.005 mol/L In(OH)3, integrating self-corrosion rate and electrochemical properties.     

Effect of rolling processing on microstructure and electrochemical properties of high active aluminum alloy anode

The effect of rolling processing on the microstructure,electrochemical property and anti-corrosion property of Al-Mg-Sn-Bi-Ga-In alloy anode in alkaline solution(80℃,Na2SnO3+5 mol/L NaOH)was analyzed by the chronopotentiometry (E-T curves),hydrogen collection tests and modern microstructure analysis.The results show that when the rolling temperature is 370℃,the electrochemical activity of Al anode decreases gradually with the increase of pass deformation in rolling,while the anti-corrosion property is improved in the beginning and then declined rapidly.When the pass deformation of rolling is 40%,the Al anode has good electrochemical activity as good as the anti-corrosion property and with the increase of rolling temperature,both electrochemical activity and anti-corrosion property of Al anode increase first and then decrease.When the rolling temperature is 420 ℃,the aluminum alloy anode has the most negative electrode potential of about-1.521 V(vs Hg/HgO)and the lowest hydrogen evolution rate of 0.171 6 mL/(min·cm2).The optimum comprehensive performance of Al alloy anode is obtained.     

钼酸钠对2024铝合金及搅拌摩擦焊焊缝缓蚀效率的影响

通过搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）手段,制备出2024铝合金同种焊接接头.在室温0.2mol/L NaHSO3和0.6 mol/L NaCl混合溶液中,添加不同浓度的钼酸钠,通过静态失重法、动电位极化曲线以及交流阻抗谱（EIS）测试,评价了室温下此缓蚀剂对2024母材及其搅拌摩擦焊焊缝的电化学行为的影响.结果表明,焊缝的缓蚀效率要优于母材的缓蚀效率,且随浓度增加而增加,钼酸钠是一种有效的阳极钝化型缓蚀剂,并且其缓蚀作用效果和金属表面状态密切相关.     

Effects of electrolytes on properties of anodic coatings formed on AZ91HP magnesium alloy

In a basic solution containing 10 g/L NaOH, the thickness, morphology and corrosion resistance of anodic coatings formed in solutions without and with additions of Na2SiO3, Na2CO3, Na2B4O7 and Na2SnO3 were separately determined and evaluated. The results show that the electrolytes used above take part in the coating formation and the obtained anodic coatings contain elements from the electrolytes. These electrolytes, especially Na2SiO3 and Na2B4OT, contribute to the film thickness. The coating uniformity obtained by addition of Na2SiO3 is the best, while Na2CO3, Na2B4O7 and Na2SnO3 decrease the number of pores per area on the coatings surface though they worsen the uniformity of the anodic coatings. In addition, the anodic coatings formed in solutions with addition of Na2CO3 or Na2SnO3 exhibit loose and net-like structure. Na2SiO3 and Na2B4O7 can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the anodic coatings while Na2CO3 and Na2SnO3 have minor effects on improving the coating corrosion resistance.     

Effect of pretreatment on electrochemical etching behavior of Al foil in HCl–H2SO4

The aluminum foil for high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor was immersed in 0.5 mol/L H₃PO₄ or 0.125 mol/L NaOH solution at 40 °C for different time and then DC electro-etched in 1 mol/L HCl+2.5 mol/L H₂SO₄ electrolyte at 80 °C. The pitting potential and self corrosion potential of Al foil were measured with polarization curves (PC). The potentiostatic current—time curve was recorded and the surface and cross section images of etched Al foil were observed with SEM. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of etched Al foil and potential transient curves (PTC) during initial etching stage were measured. The results show the chemical pretreatments can activate Al foil surface, facilitate the absorption, diffusion and migration of Cl^? onto the Al foil during etching, and improve the initiation rate of meta-stable pits and density of stable pits and tunnels, leading to much increase in the real surface area and special capacitance of etched Al foil.     

响应面法优化2A97铝锂合金化铣工艺的研究

目的研究响应面法在优化2A97铝锂合金最佳化铣液配方中的可行性。方法在传统铝合金化铣氢氧化钠、硫化钠、三乙醇胺及溶解铝溶液体系,探索2A97铝锂合金化学铣切工艺,研究化铣液配方对2A97铝锂合金表面质量的影响,从而优化工艺参数并获得最佳化铣工艺。在单因素试验的基础上,以表面粗糙度为响应值,应用响应面法中的Box-Behnken设计四因素(氢氧化钠、硫化钠、三乙醇胺及溶解铝浓度)三水平试验,通过回归分析,得到了化铣液各组分参数对响应值的影响规律,并且通过优化分析得到了最佳2A97铝锂合金化铣液配方。结果通过响应面设计试验分析可得,当2A97铝锂合金化铣液配方为氢氧化钠130 g/L、硫化钠15 g/L、三乙醇胺50 g/L、溶解铝70 g/L时,采用该化铣液对2A97铝锂合金试样进行化铣,得到的试样表面平整一致,腐蚀速度为0.031 mm/min,粗糙度Ra=1.36μm,无晶间腐蚀及点蚀等缺陷。结论拟合模型决定系数R~2=0.967 927,说明模型的拟合性良好,可以采用响应面法对2A97铝锂合金化铣工艺进行分析,具有一定的参考价值。     

Al／AgO电池的制备及性能研究

采用化学方法制备AgO,并组装成实验电池。通过恒电流放电技术研究了在4mol／LNaOH电解质溶液中加入不同浓度的NaAlO2对Al／AgO电池性能的影响,并考察了放电倍率和温度对AI／AgO电池性能的影响。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究了电池放电前后AgO的表观形貌。结果表明：在NaOH溶液中加入适量NaAlO2可以提高电池的比容量。随着温度的提高,电池的比容量增大。随着放电倍率增加,电池的比容量降低。当NaAlO2浓度为2．5mol／L,温度为80℃时,以0．1c放电,终止电压为1．0V时,Al／AgO电池的比容量达到292mA·h／g。     

铝合金A356微弧氧化电解液配方的优化

利用扫描电镜（SEM）、表面粗糙度测量仪等分析手段,研究了铝合金A356微弧氧化电解液配方对膜层性能的影响规律,优化了电解液配方：主电解质NaOH的质量浓度为4g／L及Na2SiO3的质量浓度为14g／L,添加剂KF的质量浓度为6g／L。KF对膜层性能有很大的改善,随着KF的加入,耐蚀时间从28．7min增大至36min,粗糙度从0．9μm减少到0．55μm。     

表面机械活化粉煤灰提取氧化铝及其动力学研究

采用高能球磨活化粉煤灰,并对球级配、球料比、转速以及球磨时间进行正交试验,将经不同时间活化的粉煤灰与Na2CO3按一定比例煅烧溶出,得到Al2O3.通过测试分析,研究了高能球磨活化各工艺参数对Al2O3溶出率的影响,得到了最优化工艺条件,并对Al2O3溶出过程的动力学进行了验证分析.结果表明:当表面机械活化6h、溶出温度90℃、液固比L/S=6、硫酸浓度4 mol/L时,效益最高;此反应属于收缩未反应芯模型,表观活化能为60.87 kJ/mol,反应级数为0.1701.