基于贻贝灵感和点击化学构建的高效抗菌涂层

目的 通过对材料表面进行改性,形成一层具有抗菌肽(ABP)分子的涂层,使得材料具有高效抗菌的功能。方法 利用多巴胺(DA)邻苯二酚结构的黏附能力以及己二胺(HD)的多胺化学结构,将DA与HD按照一定的配比混合,通过简单的一步分子自组装,在材料表面构建多巴胺-己二胺(DA/HD)基底涂层。通过DA/HD涂层表面丰富的氨基与叠氮化的NHS(NHS-N₃)发生酰胺反应,从而在DA/HD涂层表面引入叠氮基团,得到N₃涂层。再通过点击反应在N₃涂层表面接枝ABP,得到ABP涂层。通过在多种不同材质表面制备DA/HD涂层与进行氨基量密度测定,对DA/HD涂层的广谱适用性进行分析。利用水接触角测量仪(WCA)、傅里叶变换红外仪(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、耗散型石英晶体微天平(QCM-D)以及椭圆偏振光谱仪等,对涂层亲疏水性、成分及结构等进行检测分析。通过细菌试验检测以及与多种已报道抗菌涂层的抗菌率进行综合比较来评价ABP涂层的抗菌性能。结果 在多种不同材质表面都能成功制备DA/HD涂层,且具有较高的氨基量密度,表明DA...     

低温恒电流氮化提高316L不锈钢导电及耐腐蚀性能

目的 解决恒电位电化学氮化时高的过电位引起的析氢反应对316LSS综合性能的恶化,提出采用恒电流技术对其进行电化学氮化改性,并确定最佳的试验参数。方法 借助于循环伏安、计时电位,交流阻抗和动电位极化等电化学方法,扫描电镜及X射线光电子能谱分析,研究还原电流密度对316LSS表面形貌、耐腐蚀性能、疏水性能和接触电阻等的影响。结果 还原电流密度为5 m A/cm²时,反应后表面形成的氮掺杂凸起结构呈现明显的疏水性能,最大疏水角为103.7°。140 N/cm²的压紧力下,界面接触电阻为8.9 mΩ·cm²,在0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄+5 mg/L F^–的测试电解质中,腐蚀电流密度为0.025μA/cm²。同一极板在阴、阳极总共长达13 h的耐久性测试中,腐蚀电流密度均小于1μA/cm²,且腐蚀后表面只出现了少量的腐蚀坑。结论 316LSS在0.5 mol/L KNO₃+0.1 mol/L ...     

基体偏压对PEMFC不锈钢双极板Cr-N改性涂层性能的影响

目的 提高SS316L双极板的耐腐蚀性与导电性。方法 使用脉冲直流磁控溅射技术,改变基体负偏压,于SS316L双极板上制备了Cr-N薄膜。通过扫描电子显微镜、XRD衍射仪、电子探针分析仪对薄膜的成分和结构进行了检测分析。通过接触电阻测试、电化学腐蚀测试和接触角测试表征了薄膜的导电性、耐腐蚀性和疏水性。结果 薄膜的结构主要由Cr和Cr₂N组成,各组试样的成分相近。随着沉积过程中基体负偏压的增大,薄膜结构更加致密。镀膜试样的耐腐蚀性均好于基材SS316L,基体负偏压为400 V时,测得试样的腐蚀电流密度最低,为3.49×10^-7 A/cm²。镀膜试样的导电性均好于基材SS316L,基体为负偏压200 V时,双极板的导电性最好,表面接触电阻为8.02 mΩ·cm²。基体负偏压继续增大,双极板的接触电阻会有所下降。结论 随着沉积偏压的增加,薄膜中的N含量略有增加。薄膜沉积对SS316L双极板的导电性、耐腐蚀性和疏水性有明显的提高,较于基材自腐蚀电位提升了411 mV,腐蚀电流密度下降了2个数量级。沉积时较高...     

化学镀Pt对多弧离子镀NiCoCrAlY涂层高温氧化行为的影响

目的 改善多弧离子镀NiCoCrAlY涂层的抗高温氧化性能,探究化学镀Pt对NiCoCrAlY涂层高温氧化行为的影响。方法 采用多弧离子镀(M-AIP)技术在第二代镍基单晶高温合金上沉积NiCoCrAlY涂层,然后通过化学镀技术在其表面制备厚度约0.5μm的Pt镀层,经真空退火处理后获得Pt改性的NiCoCrAlY涂层。通过1 050℃恒温氧化和循环氧化试验测试涂层的高温氧化性能,并利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射以及电子探针等手段对涂层物相及元素分布进行分析。结果 经化学镀Pt改性后,NiCoCrAlY涂层恒温氧化20 h的氧化增重由0.78 mg/cm²减小至0.47 mg/cm²,氧化速率常数由6.32×10^-12g²/(cm⁴·s)降低为2.16×10^-12g²/(cm⁴·s);而循环氧化300次的氧化增重由1.52 mg/cm²减小至1.05 mg/cm²,氧化...     

不同工艺下镁合金MAO/GO/SA复合涂层的耐蚀性

为提高AZ91D镁合金基体的耐蚀性，采用微弧氧化、电沉积和自组装工艺在AZ91D镁合金表面制备了微弧氧化/氧化石墨烯/硬脂酸(MAO/GO/SA)复合涂层。通过SEM对复合涂层的微观组织结构进行了分析，利用电化学阻抗谱、极化曲线测试了复合涂层的耐蚀性能。结果表明，最佳电沉积电压为4 V,此时，MAO/GO复合涂层的电荷转移电阻(R_ct)为4.41×10⁵Ω·cm²,腐蚀电流密度(J_corr)为3.88×10^-7 A/cm²。醇水比为7∶3时，MAO/GO/SA复合涂层的R_ct值为3.07×10⁶Ω·cm²,J_corr为3.02×10^-8 A/cm²,达到超疏水状态，涂层耐蚀性最好。     

基于贻贝仿生构建高效抗菌及良好血液相容性的聚胺-酚表面

目的 赋予血液接触类材料优异的表面抗菌性能。方法 受天然贻贝黏附现象的启发,通过多巴胺(Dopamine,DA)、ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-Poly-L-lysine,ε-PL)、高碘酸钠(Sodium Periodate,NaIO4)构建一种简易、快速的聚胺-酚涂层(ε-PL@PDA),同时利用ε-PL丰富的氨基质子化形成的阳离子,实现表面高效抗菌的目的。其中DA和ε-PL通过共价交联形成酚胺聚合物,酚胺共同介导基底材料黏附形成涂层。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)、椭圆偏光、氨基定量、水接触角(WCA)等材料学表征评价ε-PL@PDA涂层的理化性能;通过菌落计数法、细菌活/死染、液体法等细菌实验评价涂层抗菌性能;通过内皮细胞黏附与增殖实验评价其细胞相容性;通过血小板黏附与激活及半体内血液循环实验验证其血液相容性。结果 材料学表征结果证明,ε-PL@PDA富氨基涂层成功制备,同时ε-PL的浓度大小会影响涂层的沉积过程;细菌实验表明,ε-PL@PDA涂层具备优异的抗菌性能,当ε-PL质量浓度为3 mg/mL时,对大肠杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌的抑制率高达91%;细胞实验和血液相容性实验表明,相较于316不锈钢(316L SS),ε-PL的质量浓度为3、30 mg/mL时,涂层均不会促进细胞毒性增强、血小板黏附和激活以及血栓形成。结论 ε-PL@PDA涂层能够在不影响细胞相容性和血液相容性的基础上有效提高表面抗菌能力,因此,该高效便捷且适用性强的表面抗菌策略或有助于解决临床血液接触类器械细菌感染等问题。     

环氧涂层在低温、紫外环境下的失效行为对比研究

目的 研究环氧富锌涂层(EP-Zinc)、环氧耐磨快干涂层(EP-WR)在紫外和低温2种环境下的失效行为和机理。方法 以Q235钢为金属基底，分别用喷枪喷涂涂层在基体表面，将喷涂好的上述2种涂层材料放入干燥箱(60℃)中保持1 d，然后将涂层放在室温条件下6 d，以确保涂层内部的有机溶剂完全挥发。在紫外线(UV)辐射和低温2种实验环境下，通过电化学阻抗测试、红外光谱测试、表面表征(扫描电镜)、附着力测试等方法研究环氧涂层的失效行为及机理。结果 2种涂层在紫外和低温环境下的防护功能均有所下降。在紫外环境下，EP-Zinc和EP-WR涂层的|Z|0.01 Hz分别降至10⁶?·cm2和10⁷?·cm²。在低温环境下，2种涂层的|Z|0.01 Hz均剧烈降至10⁶?·cm²和10⁵?·cm²。在低温环境下，环氧涂层主要因其热膨胀系数与金属基体存在较大差异，导致涂层与基体的体积变化出现差异，产生应力，从而失效。紫外环境改变了涂层表面的化学结构...     

MgCl2-NaCl-KCl熔盐体系中金属Mg对316H不锈钢的缓蚀性能研究

通过电化学方法结合浸泡腐蚀测试考察了金属Mg对MgCl₂-NaCl-KCl(MNKC)熔盐的净化和腐蚀抑制作用。结果表明,金属Mg的加入量在500μg·g^-1以上时,316H不锈钢在600℃MNKC熔盐中的腐蚀电位Ecorr<-0.80 V vs NiCl₂/Ni,腐蚀电流密度Icorr<25μA/cm²,线性极化电阻Rp>800Ω·cm²,熔盐对316H不锈钢的腐蚀得到显著抑制。并对金属Mg对MNKC熔盐的净化和腐蚀抑制机理进行了探讨。     

316L不锈钢表面NbC涂层的制备与性能评价

目的探究NbC涂层作为惰性涂层在模拟体液中的耐腐蚀性能及血液相容性能,并为NbC涂层作为生物惰性涂层改善316L不锈钢心血管支架的表面性能提供参考依据。方法采用物理气相沉积法制备NbC涂层,并通过优化工艺参数改善涂层性能。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、纳米压痕仪和原位纳米划痕仪,对涂层的微观结构及性能进行研究。采用循环伏安法对涂层的耐腐蚀性能进行表征。采用血小板粘附实验对涂层的血小板粘附行为进行了评价。结果制备的涂层具有结合性能强和致密度高等优点。随着基体温度的升高,NbC涂层的力学性能、耐腐蚀性能及血小板粘附特性均得到明显改善,硬度及弹性模量分别由(12.5±0.2)GPa和(213±0.8)GPa上升到(24.5±0.4)GPa和(275±1.1) GPa,自腐蚀速率优化明显,由8.76×10~(-6)A/cm~2降到1.98×10~(-8)A/cm~2。结论 NbC涂层在模拟体液中具备与316L不锈钢相当的稳定性,但其腐蚀速率远低于316L不锈钢,血小板粘附数量及变形较基体316L不锈钢得到显著改善,有望成为改善316L不锈钢表面性能的惰性涂层。     

电位对聚苯胺/不锈钢双极板腐蚀性能的影响

目的 增强双极板在质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)工作条件下的耐腐蚀性能.方法 以1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸乙酯(EMIES)离子液体作为聚合反应电解质,采用循环伏安法在316L不锈钢(SS)上电聚合聚苯胺(PANI)薄膜制备PANI/316L SS双极板.采用SEM观察表面形貌,采用FTIR分析官能团结构,采用XPS分析元素组成和键合状态.采用恒电位法控制PANI/316L SS电位分别为0.5、0.6、0.7 V(vs.SCE)以模拟PEMFC阴极电位,测量恒电位极化后开路电位、极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)的变化.结果 PANI膜均匀平整局部有微裂纹.FTIR显示有苯环、醌环、S=O和—COOH伸缩振动.XPS表明PANI膜含有C、N、O和S等元素.PANI/316L SS极化曲线在钝化区内电流密度波动较大,EIS的Nyquist图由高频容抗弧和低频直线构成,容抗弧半径随着极化电位的升高而增大.结论 PANI为中间氧化态结构,EMIES阴离子(CH3CH2SO4–)和草酸阴离子(HOOC-COO–)在PANI分子链中均有掺杂.在PEMFC阴极工作电位下PANI/316L SS处于阳极极化状态,电位对PANI/316L SS的耐蚀性影响显著,在0.6 V下PANI/316L SS呈现很好的耐蚀性,电位升高至0.7 V时,发生PANI过度氧化,导致"对阴离子"脱掺杂,使PANI/316L SS的导电性和耐蚀性下降.     

医用 316L 不锈钢表面多巴胺 / BSA 复合膜缓蚀性能研究

目的研究医用316L不锈钢表面组装多巴胺/牛血清白蛋白分子(BSA)复合膜的缓蚀性能。方法采用浸泡法在医用316L不锈钢表面制备以多巴胺自组装膜为桥接层的多巴胺/BSA复合双层自组装膜,通过动电位扫描、交流阻抗测试,SEM,EDX等手段分析BSA组装液质量浓度对复合双层自组装膜吸附行为及耐蚀性能的影响。结果在合适的自组装条件下可获得具有缓蚀效果的复合双层膜。BSA质量浓度过高和过低均对缓蚀性能有不利影响,当BSA质量浓度为40 g/L时,复合双层膜对生理盐水环境中316L不锈钢取得最佳缓蚀效率,缓蚀效率由单层多巴胺的62.4%增加至83.9%。结论多巴胺成功嫁接BSA分子,使其吸附在不锈钢表面,和单层BSA吸附相比,其吸附量大大提高,表明对于316L不锈钢人体植入材料,可以利用多巴胺桥接BSA获得兼具生物活性和耐腐蚀性的改性表面。     

Bioactive glass nanopowder and bioglass coating for biocompatibility improvement of metallic implant

Preparation and characterization of bioactive glass nanopowder and development of bioglass coating for biocompatibility improvement of 316L stainless steel (SS) implant was the aim of this work. Bioactive glass nanopowder was made by sol–gel technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique was utilized to evaluate the powders shape and size. The prepared bioactive glass nanopowder was immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) solution at 37 °C for 30 days. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was utilized to recognize and confirm the formation of apatite layer on the prepared bioactive glass nanopowder. Bioactive glass coating was performed on SS substrate by sol–gel technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) techniques were used to investigate the microstructure and morphology of the coating. Electrochemical polarization tests were performed in physiological solutions at 37 °C in order to determine and compare the corrosion behavior of the coated and uncoated SS specimens. Cyclic polarization tests were performed in order to compare the pitting corrosion resistance of the coated and uncoated SS specimens. The results showed that the size of bioactive glass powder was less than 100 nm. The formation of apatite layer confirmed the bioactivity of bioglass nanopowder. Bioactive glass coating could improve the corrosion resistance of 316L SS substrate. Bioactive glass coated 316L SS showed more pitting corrosion resistance in compare with pristine samples. It was concluded that by using the bioactive glass coated 316L SS as a human body implant, improvement of corrosion resistance as an indication of biocompatibility and bone bonding could be obtained simultaneously.     

Corrosion characteristics of polyaniline-coated 316L stainless steel in sulphuric acid containing fluoride

The corrosion resistance of conducting polyaniline (PANi) coatings deposited on 316L stainless steel (316L SS) at various cycle numbers of cyclic voltammetry (2-, 3- and 4-cycles) by electro-polymerization in sulphuric acid solution containing fluoride was investigated by electrochemical techniques. The corrosion resistance of the 316L SS substrate was considerably improved by the PANi coating. The increase of the cycle number of cyclic voltammetry increased the thickness and enhanced the performance of the PANi coating due to low porosity.     

Bone-like apatite formation on HA/316L stainless steel composite surface in simulated body fluid

HA/316L stainless steel(316L SS) biocomposites were prepared by hot-pressing technique. The formation of bone-like apatite on the biocomposite surfaces in simulated body fluid(SBF) was analyzed by digital pH meter, plasma emission spectrometer, scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray energy spectrometer(EDX). The results indicate that the pH value in SBF varies slightly during the immersion. It is a dynamic process of dissolution-precipitation for the formation of apatite on the surface. With prolonging immersion time, Ca and P ion concentrations increase gradually, and then approach equilibrium. The bone-like apatite layer forms on the composites surface, which possesses benign bioactivity and favorable biocompatibility and achieves osseointegration, and can provide firm fixation between HA60/316L SS composite implants and human body bone.     

316L不锈钢表面Ni-Ti合金薄膜的力学特性研究

目的提高316L不锈钢表面的硬度及耐磨性能。方法采用磁控溅射法在316L不锈钢表面制备Ni-Ti合金薄膜,并通过纳米压入法对316L不锈钢表面、Ni-Ti合金薄膜和Ni-Ti合金材料的力学性能进行测试,分析不锈钢基Ni-Ti薄膜的耐磨性能。应用有限元反演分析方法求解基体和薄膜的弹塑性幂本构关系。结果316L不锈钢与Ni-Ti合金抵抗载荷的能力较弱,但316L不锈钢表面Ni-Ti薄膜抵抗外加载荷的能力较强,且抵抗塑性变形的能力得到强化。Ni-Ti薄膜、316L不锈钢基体和Ni-Ti合金的硬度分别为8.2795、5.2405、2.9498 GPa,薄膜的硬度明显大于基体和Ni-Ti合金,说明Ni-Ti薄膜使得316L不锈钢的耐磨性显著提高。薄膜的弹性性能较基体与Ni-Ti合金有明显优势。为研究薄膜的弹塑性性能,建立ABAQUS二维有限元模型,考虑Berkovich压头和试样之间摩擦系数为0.16,通过纳米压入实验和有限元分析的对比,反演分析分别计算得到基体和薄膜的特征应力、特征应变、应变强化因子,继而确定初始屈服应力,得到Ni-Ti合金薄膜和316L不锈钢基体的弹塑性幂本构关系。结论 Ni-Ti薄膜具有良好的力学特性,使316L不锈钢表面的硬度显著提高,因此有效提高了不锈钢的耐磨性能。     

The effects of electropolishing (EP) process parameters on corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel

Improvement of the corrosion resistance capability of a workpiece being processed by the electropolishing (EP) is one of the most importance process characteristics. In this paper, the effects of the EP process parameters on the corrosion resistance performance of the SS 316L stainless steel were studied based on the uniform and localized intergranular corrosion (IGC) analyses. The IGC is the prominent characteristics of localized corrosion in stainless steel.

The workpiece (anode) material was the SS 316L stainless steel. The cathode material under study was platinum. The electrolyte was composed of sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, glycerin and DI water. The test specimens were all polished before experiments in order to reduce the effect of the bailby layer. Variables of the EP process parameters gap between the electrodes and the process time.

The specimens were analyzed, first, by the surface roughness measurement. Secondly, they were observed under the optical microscope for surface marks and defects. It was followed by the linear polarization analysis for the uniform corrosion performance. The electrochemical potentiokinetic repassivation (EPR) test was employed to study the localized, IGC. Finally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) analyses were conducted to analyze the metallurgical composition and the thickness of the passive film. The results showed that the EP process greatly improved the corrosion resistance of the SS 316L stainless steel.     

Electrochemical characteristics and interfacial contact resistance of multi-layered Ti/TiN coating for metallic bipolar-plate of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Metallic bipolar-plates have advantages over non-porous graphite ones due to their higher mechanical strength and better electrical conductivity. However, corrosion resistance and interfacial contact resistance are major concerns that remain to be solved, since metals such as stainless steels may develop oxide layers that decrease electrical conductivity, thus lowering fuel cell efficiency. In this study, multi-layered nitride coatings consisting of Ti and TiN were deposited on 316L stainless steel (SS316L) by a D.C magnetron sputtering method to enhance the corrosion resistance and to lower the interfacial contact resistance (ICR) of metallic bipolarplates for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). Electrochemical methods were conducted and ICRs of the coated specimens were measured to investigate the potential of the coated metallic bipolar-plate for use in PEMFCs. The multi-layered Ti/TiN coating deposited on SS316 showed lower ICR values than the single-layered TiN coating, and improved corrosion resistance when the PEMFC was not in operation while the degradation of the coating layer was observed in both cathodic and anodic working environments.     

表面Pd/Fe薄膜对316L不锈钢生物相容性的影响

采用表面有和无Pd/Fe薄膜的316L不锈钢样品进行溶血实验;提取样品浸提液进行细胞毒性实验,包括形态学观察、四唑盐(MTT)比色法测定和细胞相对增殖度(RGR)计算,以研究评价表面Pd/Fe薄膜对316L不锈钢生物相容性的影响.结果表明:与未镀膜的316L不锈钢相比,表面镀Pd/Fe的316L不锈钢的溶血率显著下降,而表面细胞数量和RGR显著增大,即表面Pd/Fe薄膜可显著提高316L不锈钢的生物相容性.     

Corrosion of type 316L stainless steel in molten LiCl–KCl salt

Pyrochemical reprocessing in molten chloride salt medium has been considered as one of the best options for the reprocessing of spent metallic fuels. The AISI 316L stainless steel (SS) is envisaged as a candidate material for the fabrication of components for various unit operations like salt preparation vessel, electro‐refiner and cathode processor, on which ceramic coatings with metallic bond coat will be applied by the thermal plasma spraying. The unit operation like electro‐refining is carried out in the molten lithium chloride–potassium chloride (LiCl–KCl) eutectic salt at 773 K in argon atmosphere. The corrosion behaviour of the container vessel in molten chloride salts is therefore important, hence corrosion tests were carried out in a molten salt test assembly under argon gas atmosphere. The present paper discusses the corrosion behaviour of 316L SS in the molten LiCl–KCl eutectic salt at 873 K. The 316L SS samples were immersed in the molten LiCl–KCl eutectic for 25, 100 and 250 h, while 316L SS with yttria stabilized zirconia coating was exposed for 1000 h. The exposed samples were examined by optical and scanning electron microscope for corrosion attack. The X‐ray mappings of the cross‐section of the degraded layer onto the 316L SS indicated that the mechanism of corrosion corresponds to the selective diffusion of Cr to the surface with the formation of voids below, and the formation of chromium compounds at the surface. The results of the present study indicated that the yttria stabilized zirconia coating onto the 316L SS exhibits a better corrosion resistance in molten chloride salt than with uncoated 316L SS.