折叠波导行波管铪栅极退火温度及其性能（英文）

在充分考虑电子枪栅极的工作环境后,对铪(Hf)栅极进行了800、900和1000℃的真空退火处理,对其组织、织构特点进行了分析,并利用离子束辅助沉积技术在Ba-W阴极表面分别沉积金属钼膜和铪膜,以模拟栅控行波管中钼栅极和铪栅极表面吸附阴极蒸发物质时的表面状态,测试了这两种栅极表面"热电子发射"能力和"二次电子发射"系数。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,铪(Hf)栅极的结晶度、晶粒尺寸增加,织构减少,铪的最佳退火温度为900℃,铪栅极表面吸附的阴极发射物质要远少于钼栅极,用金属铪作栅极材料能有效抑制栅电子发射。     

折叠波导行波管铪栅极退火温度及其性能

在充分考虑电子枪栅极的工作环境后,对铪(Hf)栅极进行了800、900和1000℃的真空退火处理,对其组织、织构特点进行了分析,并利用离子束辅助沉积技术在Ba-W阴极表面分别沉积金属钼膜和铪膜,以模拟栅控行波管中钼栅极和铪栅极表面吸附阴极蒸发物质时的表面状态,测试了这两种栅极表面“热电子发射”能力和“二次电子发射”系数.结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,铪(Hf)栅极的结晶度、晶粒尺寸增加,织构减少,铪的最佳退火温度为900℃,铪栅极表面吸附的阴极发射物质要远少于钼栅极,用金属铪作栅极材料能有效抑制栅电子发射.     

用离子束控制材料电子发射性能及应用

研究了用离子束技术控制材料表面电子发射性能的方法，报告这一技术在抑制行波管栅极电子发射、制备场发射平板显示器阴极及改善生物医学材料凝血性能等方面的应用及结果。     

低能离子束辅照对溅射镀TiN膜生长的影响

用诱导型等离子体辅助磁控溅射装置在Si（100）表面低温沉积TiN膜，研究了高密度低能量（≈20eV）离子束辅照对溅射镀TiN膜生长、结构和性能的影响．结果表明，高密度低能离子束辅照会改变TiN膜的择优生长方向并使薄膜致密化。即使沉积温度低于150℃，当入射基板离子数和Ti原子数的比值Ji／JTi≥4.7时，沉积的TiN膜仍可具有完全的（200）面择优生长，薄膜微观结构致密，硬度达到25GPa，残余压应力小．     

海水中阴极保护用镀铂钛阳极的研究

镀铂钛阳极是海水阴极保护中广泛使用的辅助阳极.镀铂钛阳极具有良好的放氯性能,尺寸可变,重量轻,适合海洋中使用.在二亚硝基二氨铂为主盐的酸性镀液中制备了Pt/Ti阳极,测试了Pt/Ti阳极在人造海水中的电化学性能.研制的Pt/Ti电极表面光亮,镀层和基体结合牢固,镀层厚度可达5～10μm,在人造海水中的电化学性能稳定,损耗率为6.0225mg/A.a.     

霍尔无栅离子源的研制及应用

基于离子束辅助镀膜技术,自主研制了一款新型霍尔无栅离子源,利用该离子源,采取离子束辅助沉积方法,在玻璃基底上镀制了多种光学薄膜,并对所镀制光学薄膜的性能进行了测试。测试结果表明:所研制的霍尔无栅离子源制备的各种光学薄膜,其膜层强度、附着性、耐腐蚀性以及光学性质都比常规热蒸发工艺所制得的薄膜有明显改善。     

离子束辅助磁控溅射沉积TiN薄膜的研究

利用三离子束辅助沉积设备，以离子束辅助沉积、磁控溅射和离子束辅助磁控溅射几种工艺在GCr15基体上沉积TiN薄膜。实验结果表明：离子束辅助磁控溅射有效地提高了薄膜的硬度、耐磨性和耐蚀性，改善了膜基结合力。     

Ni /Ti 多层膜界面状态优化分析

目的减小Ni/Ti多层膜表面粗糙度,提高Ni/Ti多层膜对中子束的反射率。方法采用离子束辅助沉积设备沉积Ni/Ti周期性多层膜,通过不同抛光时间和不同离子能量轰击对多层膜界面进行清洗抛光;采用反应溅射法,在镀Ti层时使用氢气和氩气混合气为工作气体,将H原子掺入Ti层以改变晶粒结构而影响多层膜界面状态。结果随着辅助离子源功率的增加,Ni/Ti多层膜的表面粗糙度增加;在合适的离子能量下,随着抛光时间的不断增加,Ni/Ti多层膜的表面粗糙度逐渐减小。Ti层中掺H的Ni/Ti多层膜比未掺H的多层膜表面粗糙度小,界面更加清晰。结论低能量的离子轰击条件下,适当的抛光时间能对多层膜实现较好的抛光效果。Ti层中掺入H原子,抑制了Ni原子与Ti原子的扩散,减小了Ti膜层晶粒大小,从而抑制了表面粗糙度的增加。     

Ti／TiO2-Pt修饰电极的制备及电催化性能研究

为了提高Ti／TiO2电极的催化性能，采用阳极氧化法在钛基体上制备出具有纳米管状的多孔Ti／TiO2薄膜，在此膜上采用阴极电化学沉积方法沉积Pt来制备Ti／TiO2-Pt修饰电极。用XRD，FESEM分析了沉积前后成分、晶相结构以及表面形貌的变化。结果表明：Pt优先沉积在Ti／TiO2管口以及管边缘处。用循环伏安曲线和极化曲线分析表明，沉积Pt的Ti／TiO2电极其电催化性能得到了明显改善。     

离子束辅助轰击对电弧离子镀沉积TiAIN膜层的影响

采用俄罗斯UVN0．5D2I离子束辅助电弧离子镀沉积设备,在高速钢W18C14V基材上沉积TiAlN膜层;利用N离子束对膜层沉积之前的预处理和膜层沉积时的辅助轰击,并用SEM、X射线衍射和力学测试等手段研究了N离子束轰击对膜层表面形貌、相结构、显微硬度影响．结果表明：N离子束的预处理在基材表面形成了一定厚度N的过渡层;N离子束对膜层的辅助轰击,明显地降低了膜层表面“大颗粒”的密度,改善了膜层的表面形貌;同时,形成了由过渡层成分与膜层成分动态混合的扩散层;无N离子轰击时,TiMN膜层是由（TiM）N相和Ti：A1N相组成;轰击能量为7．5keV时,TiMN膜层也是由（TiAl）N相和Ti：MN相组成,但（TiM）N（111）取向减弱,而（200）和（220）取向均增强;Ti,A1N（211）及（301）取向均减弱．N离子束辅助轰击,使膜层的显微硬度由原来的21GPa提高到25．3GPa．     

Application of low-emissivity Pt layer on Ni alloy to high temperature

Platinum films were sputter-deposited on two groups of nickel alloy substrates, in which the first group was the samples with rough surface, and the other group with polished surface. The platinum thin-films were applied to serve as the low-emissivity layers to reflect thermal radiation. Then, the platinum-coated samples were heated in air at 600 ℃ for 200~h to explore the effect of high-temperature environment on the emissivity of coated platinum film. After annealing, the average IR emissivity (at the wavelength of 3-14 μm) of the platinum film was only about 0.1 for polished sample and 0.45 for rough sample. The diffusion between platinum and the nickel-alloy elements at
600 ℃  had been also discussed.     

A study of Corrosion Protection of Aluminum Metal by Tetraethoxysilane Plasma Polymerized Coatings -Influence of Aluminum Surface Pretreatments-

PLASMA polymerization refers to the vacuumdeposition and polymerization process that is caused byreactive species created in a plasma state and also at thesurface exposed to the plasma state.It has manyadvantages for coating or film application[1].Specialadvantages of plasma polymerized(PP)films are asfollows:a thin film of thickness of a few tens ofnanometers to a micrometer can be easily achieved;such films are highly cross-linked and pinhole-free,andhave outstanding barrier characteristic…     

A novel polycatechol/platinum composite film prepared by electrochemical synthesis

This work described the electrochemical synthesis of polycatechol/platinum composite film studied by cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The formation of the polycatechol/platinum composite film was initiated by introducing PtCl₆²⁻ anions into a pre-electropolymerized catechol film followed by the electrochemical reduction of PtCl₆²⁻. The SEM images indicated that uniform spherical platinum particles were dispersed in the polycatechol film. Compared with the electrodeposited platinum film, the polycatechol/platinum composite film significantly improved the electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of methanol, attributed to the uniform dispersion of platinum particles on polycatechol film. The electrochemical methods may be suitable for controlling particle dimension and the density of platinum particles.     

Formation and capacitance properties of Ti-Al composite oxide film on aluminum

Al specimens were covered with TiO2 film by sol-gel dip-coating and then anodized in ammonium adipate solution. The structure, composition and capacitance properties of the anodic oxide film were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that an anodic oxide film with a dual-layer structure formed between TiO2 coating and Al substrate. The film consisted of an inner Al2O3 layer and an outer Ti-Al composite oxide layer. The thickness of layers varied with the number of times of sol-gel dip-coating. The capacitance of anodic oxide films formed on coated specimens was at most 80% higher than that without TiO2. In film formation mechanism, it was claimed that the formation of composite oxide film was mainly affected by the structure of micro-pores network in TiO2 coating which had an influence on Al3+ and O2- ions transport during the anodizing.     

超声法制备纳米Pt/MWCNT催化剂及其在CO2传感器上的应用

采用超声合成法制备了纳米铂/多壁碳纳米管复合催化剂(Pt/MWCNT),通过场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)及电化学技术表征了该催化剂的性质.结果表明:纳米Pt均匀地镶嵌在MWCNTs表面,粒径为40±20 nm.该催化剂对CO2的还原呈现良好的催化作用,可用作制备CO2电化学传感器,CO2在纳米铂/多壁碳纳米碳管修饰玻碳电极上的还原电流响应(Pt/MWCNTs/GCE),分别在1～10 ppm和10～100 ppm两个浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检测限为1 ppm.     

Pulse-plating electrodeposition and annealing treatment of CuInSe2 films

CuInSe2 (CIS) thin film was prepared on molybdenum substrate using pulse-plating electrodeposition in aqueous solution. The most suitable pulse potential range for co-deposition is found to be from -0.55 to -0.75 V (vs SCE) from linear potential scanning curve. The electrodeposited films were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS). The annealing effects on electrodeposited precursors were investigated. And the influence of pulse parameters on film quality was studied. The chalcopyrite phase CuInSe2 films with smooth surface and stoichiometric composition are obtained at a pulse potential from -0.65 to -0.7 V (vs SCE), a pulse period of 1-9 ms with a duty cycle of 33% and annealing treatment.     

Influence of nanometer lanthanum fluoride on friction and wear behaviors of bonded molybdenum disulfide solid lubricating films

Influence of nanometer lanthanum fluoride (nano-LaF₃) on the friction and wear behavior of bonded molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) solid lubricating film was investigated using an oscillating friction-wear tester under dry friction condition. The worn surface of the lubricating film and the transfer film formed on the surface of the counterpart ball were observed by SEM. The microstructure of the lubricating film filled with nano-LaF₃ and the distribution of F and La in the lubricating film were investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, respectively. It was found that nano-LaF₃ as a filler contributes to improve the wear-resistance property of the lubricating film. The lubricating film modified with nano-LaF₃ filler exhibits better wear-resistance property than that of the lubricating film without nano-LaF₃ filler at a relatively lower load (less than 250 N) and within a wide oscillatory frequency range between 5 and 35 Hz. However, the incorporation of nano-LaF₃ filler results in small increase of friction coefficient of the lubricating film. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and elementally X-ray map results of the lubricating film modified with nano-LaF₃ filler indicate that partial LaF₃ nanoparticles distribute around the MoS₂ particles, while other LaF₃ nanoparticles disperse in the binder. The SEM morphology of the frictional surface shows that the filler of nano-LaF₃ is able to enhance the compactness of the frictional surface, and results in an improvement of the wear-resistance property of the MoS₂ lubricating film.     

Microstructural Study on Oxidation Resistance of Nonmodified and Platinum Modified Aluminide Coating

Platinum electroplating layers (3 and 7 μm thick) were deposited on the surface of the Inconel 713 LC, CMSX 4, and Inconel 625 Ni-base superalloys. Diffusion treatment at 1050°C for 2 h under argon atmosphere was performed after electroplating. Diffusion treated samples were aluminized according to the low activity CVD process at 1050°C for 8 h. The nonmodified aluminide coatings consist of NiAl phase. Platinum modification let to obtain the (Ni,Pt)Al phase in coatings. The coated samples were subjected to cyclic oxidation testing at 1100°C. It was discovered that increase of the platinum electroplating thickness from 3 to 7 μm provides the improvement of oxidation resistance of aluminide coatings. Increase of the platinum thickness causes decreases in weight change and decreases in parabolic constant during oxidation. The platinum provides the pure Al₂O₃ oxide formation, slow growth oxide layer, and delay the oxide spalling during heating-cooling thermal cycles.     

梯度基体温度法和反应溅射TiC过渡层对钛合金基体沉积金刚石薄膜的影响

以H2和CH4作为反应气体,采用热丝化学气相沉积法(HFCVD)在钛合金(Ti6Al4V)平板基体上制备金刚石薄膜,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、激光拉曼光谱(Raman)和洛氏硬度仪分析薄膜的表面形貌、结构、成分和附着性能,研究了高温形核-低温生长的梯度降温法对原始钛合金和反应磁控溅射TiC过渡层的钛合金表面沉积金刚石薄膜的影响。结果表明:原始基体区和TiC过渡层区沉积的金刚石薄膜平均尺寸分别为0.77μm和0.75μm,薄膜内应力分别为-5.85GPa和-4.14GPa,TiC层的引入可以有效提高金刚石的形核密度和晶粒尺寸的均匀性,并减少薄膜残余应力;高温形核-低温生长的梯度降温法可以有效提高金刚石的形核密度和质量,并提高原始基体上沉积金刚石薄膜的附着性能。     

Electrochemical synthesis of polypyrrole films over each of well-aligned carbon nanotubes

Polypyrrole (PPy) films were uniformly electropolymerized over each carbon nanotube of the well-aligned carbon nanotube arrays. For comparison, PPy films were also coated on flat metallic titanium (Ti) and platinum (Pt) substrates by the same technique. The synthesis and the redox performance of the PPy films were conducted by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The structural characterization including the thickness and uniformity of the PPy films was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It is observed that the coating of the PPy film over carbon nanotubes is much faster than that on flat Ti/Pt surface. Furthermore, the redox performance of the PPy-coated carbon nanotube electrodes over flat Ti/Pt electrodes was significantly improved due to the high accessible surface area of the carbon nanotubes in the aligned arrays, especially in large film formation charge (Q_film). It is very promising that the electrode developed in this study could be used as high performance electrode in rechargeable batteries.