Zr基块体非晶合金的摩擦磨损行为(英文)

采用销盘式摩擦实验研究Zr基块体非晶合金分别在空气与氩气环境中的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明,在16N和23N2种不同载荷下,非晶试样在氩气中的磨损量都比在空气中的低45%以上。通过X射线衍射仪、差示扫描量热分析仪、扫描电子显微镜和光学表面轮廓仪等检测分析手段对磨损试样摩擦面的形貌和微观结构进行表征,发现在空气中磨损试样的表面存在大量摩擦颗粒和犁沟,而氩气中的试样表面相对平滑;非晶试样的磨损机理在空气中以磨粒磨损为主,而在氩气中则为粘着磨损。     

电气机车接触线用Cu-0.1Ag合金的滑动磨损行为

对铜/铝复合接触线用Cu-0.1Ag合金采用45号钢及青铜为摩擦副进行磨损试验,观察了不同载荷和滑动速度下试样磨损表面的形貌。结果表明,磨粒磨损和粘着磨损是铜银合金滑动磨损的主要机制。以45号钢为摩擦副时,磨损表面有大量的塑性变形发生,滑动方向上有明显的犁沟和切削痕迹,在磨损表面有氧化铜生成,它既是磨损过程中的磨粒又是润滑剂;以青铜为摩擦副时,磨损表面产生严重的剥落坑和粘着块,且磨损量明显大于以45号钢为摩擦副的磨损量。     

不同环境下AlSiFeMm非晶纳米晶涂层摩擦磨损行为研究

目的研究AlSiFeMm(Mm为镍包混合稀土)非晶纳米晶涂层在干摩擦和3.5%NaCl溶液中的摩擦磨损行为。方法采用Rtec(MFT-3000)往复式磨损试验机测试涂层在干摩擦条件和有腐蚀介质条件下的摩擦磨损性能,使用LEXTOL3000-IR非接触三维表面轮廓仪测定涂层的磨损体积和磨痕的三维形貌,利用扫描电子显微镜对磨痕进行形貌观察和成分分析。结果铝基非晶纳米晶涂层的摩擦系数随着载荷的增加而不断减小。干摩擦条件下,铝基非晶纳米晶涂层的磨损率随着载荷的增加而增大,当磨损速度为10 mm/s、载荷为15 N时,涂层相对耐磨性为6061铝合金的2.5倍,其磨损机制为脆性剥落、磨粒磨损,并伴随氧化磨损。在3.5%NaCl溶液中,涂层的磨损率随着载荷的增加而逐渐降低,当磨损速度为35 mm/s、载荷为30N时,涂层的耐磨性能约为6061铝合金的8倍,其失效机制主要为剥层磨损和腐蚀磨损。结论铝基非晶纳米晶复合涂层在干摩擦和腐蚀介质中均表现出较为优异的耐磨性能,可以作为轻质合金涂层应用于表面防护领域。     

Er对Al-Zn-Mg合金微观组织与摩擦性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、透射电镜(TEM)和材料表面综合测试仪研究了Er对Al-Zn-Mg合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,并研究其在不同载荷下的摩擦磨损行为。结果表明,添加Er后合金伸长率提高约30%,晶粒尺寸明显细化,平均晶粒尺寸减小约68%。合金在摩擦过程中经历了摩擦副磨合和稳定磨损两个阶段,随着载荷的增大,摩擦因数曲线波动增大。O在摩擦层大量富集,证明了氧化磨损机制的存在。加载载荷为30 N时为磨粒磨损、疲劳磨损以及粘着磨损混合作用机制;加载载荷为70 N时磨粒磨损加剧并伴随疲劳磨损,且添加Er可以降低合金表面的剥落趋势,从而减少磨损。     

增强颗粒对镁基复合材料磨损性能的影响(英文)

研究增强颗粒Mg2Si对镁基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,讨论Si加入量、载荷和滑动速度对Mg2Si/AM60镁基复合材料磨损性能的影响。结果表明,向镁合金中加入合金元素Si,可原位生成增强颗粒Mg2Si,增强颗粒Mg2Si可明显提高AM60镁合金的磨损性能。随着载荷和滑动速度的增加,AM60镁合金和Mg2Si/AM60镁基复合材料的磨损量都增大。AM60镁合金的磨损机制为粘着磨损。随着载荷的增大,Mg2Si/AM60镁基复合材料的磨损由磨粒磨损向粘着磨损转变。     

载荷对锆基大块非晶合金往复直线滑动摩擦磨损行为影响研究

研究了载荷对Zr_(55)Cu_(30)Ni_5Al_(10)大块非晶合金往复直线滑动摩擦磨损行为的影响。研究表明,随着载荷增加,平均摩擦系数下降,但磨痕宽度增大。磨痕呈平滑直线型犁沟,载荷越大,磨损越严重;载荷较小时,非晶合金呈典型的轻微咬合或咬焊、连续磨损机理,随载荷增大,咬合或咬焊及粘着磨损作用机理增强,呈连续磨损、咬合或咬焊及粘着磨损共同作用机理。     

A356铝合金微弧氧化膜微动磨损行为的研究

采用微弧氧化（MAO）在A356铝合金表面制备MAO膜,利用球-平面接触在SRV-V微动摩擦磨损机上探究变载荷和位移下微弧氧化对A356微动磨损机理的影响。结果表明：MAO膜由疏松层和致密层构成,其均匀性、致密性和结合力良好。MAO膜的摩擦系数、磨损率均低于A356,MAO膜减摩耐磨性较好。随位移增加MAO膜的摩擦耗散能系数低于A356,MAO膜能提升A356微动磨损过程的稳定性。载荷增加时A356磨损机制为磨粒磨损-粘着磨损,伴随犁削和疲劳剥层; MAO膜磨损机制为磨粒磨损-粘着磨损和疲劳剥落。位移增加时A356磨损机制为粘着磨损和疲劳剥落,伴随微犁削;MAO膜磨损机制为粘着磨损和疲劳剥层-粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。A356的磨痕内聚集Fe、O元素,存在材料转移和氧化磨损;MAO膜磨痕内聚集Fe元素,存在材料转移。     

原位β-Zr相/Zr非晶基复合材料的干摩擦滑动磨损行为

采用铜模喷铸法制备出直径为3 mm的原位β-Zr相/Zr非晶基复合材料,对其在干摩擦条件下的滑动磨损行为进行了研究。结果表明,与纯块状非晶合金相比,Zr基块状非晶复合材料的耐磨性能得到明显的改善。复合材料比纯块状非晶合金具有更低的摩擦系数和磨损速度,最低的磨损速度比纯非晶合金的减小48.1%。同时,包含一定体积分数β-Zr相的复合材料表面磨损比纯非晶合金的轻,只有一些浅的犁沟,其磨削小,显示出轻微的磨粒磨损特征,而纯非晶合金的磨损表面呈现出片状、分层、凸起及深的犁沟等特征,磨削大,为严重的磨粒磨损。复合材料低的磨损速度归因于铸态下析出的分布在非晶基体上的韧性β-Zr枝晶相的存在。该相具有较强的承载、塑性变形和加工硬化能力,通过减小界面处非晶基体的应力集中、释放应变能、限制剪切带和裂纹的萌生与扩展、使塑性变形更加均匀等途径提高耐磨性能。     

Al2O3-SiO2（sf）／AZ91D复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

以硅酸铝短纤维作增强体,以磷酸铝作为预制体高温粘结剂,采用挤压浸渗法制备镁基复合材料.利用MM200磨损试验机,分别在10、30、50 N的外加载荷和0.47和0.94 m/s条件下,与硬度(HRC)为53的20Cr对磨环在干态条件下进行对磨,结果表明,在0.47 m/s的滑行速度和10、30 N的外加载荷条件下,复合材料的磨损机制基本上是单一的磨粒磨损;在0.47 m/s的滑行速度和50 N外加载荷条件下,复合材料在磨粒磨损的基础上附带有轻微的剥落磨损;在0.94 m/s的滑行速度和50 N外加载荷条件下,复合材料的摩擦磨损机制是以磨粒磨损为主并辅以轻微粘着磨损的复合磨损,此时,复合材料表现出相对较好的摩擦磨损性能.     

不同载荷下镍基自润滑耐磨复合涂层的摩擦磨损性能

为了拓展所制备的镍基自润滑耐磨复合涂层的应用领域,基于前期研究基础,在HT-1000型高温摩擦磨损试验机研究涂层在300℃不同载荷下的摩擦磨损行为,利用SEM和EDS对磨损表面进行了形貌观察与成分分析,研究其摩擦磨损机理。结果表明:该复合涂层的摩擦系数及磨损率都随着载荷的增大呈现先减小后略增大的趋势;当载荷较低(2 N)时,涂层的磨损表面出现少量分散的磨屑;在中等载荷(5 N)下,磨损表面光滑平整,涂层中的润滑颗粒被挤压出磨损表面形成润滑膜,导致涂层具有良好摩擦磨损性能;随着载荷的增大,达到10 N时,磨损表面出现犁沟及部分由于硬质相碳化物和润滑颗粒剥落而形成的凹坑。     

Wear behaviour of hot rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy as candidate for biodegradable implant material

Surface integrity and tribological behaviour of implant materials have a critical impact on their performance in the body. To understand wear behaviour well, the present article focuses on the sliding wear behavior of hot rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy which is a good candidate for biodegradable implant material. Dry-sliding conditions which include pin-on disc method with heat-treated high-carbon steel disc as counterface were used. Wear rates at a fixed sliding distance of 5000 m were measured at sliding velocities of 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 m/s, and loads of 10, 20, 40 and 80 N. Microstructure of worn surfaces of pins was characterized using SEM/EDS. Wear mechanism maps of the investigated materials were composed to understand comprehensively. According to test results, abrasive wear occurred at load of 20 N and sliding speed of 0.25 m/s while melting wear was predominant at load of 80 N and sliding speed of 2 m/s. Results show that ultra-severe plastic deformation is the main wear mechanism at the highest applied load and sliding velocity speed for the investigated alloy. Consequently, hot rolled AZ31B magnesium alloy exhibited a good wear resistance due to fine microstructure and high hardness.     

一种船用低温钢板在干态室温下的往复摩擦特性研究

目的研究新型船用低温钢板的摩擦磨损性能。方法采用UMT-2型多功能摩擦磨损实验机,测试了船用低温钢板在室温干态环境、不同载荷(10、20、30 N)、不同频率(2、5 Hz)下的往复摩擦试验行为。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了船用低温钢板的磨痕表面形貌,用光学轮廓仪分析了磨损表面轮廓,用EDS对试样磨损表面进行了成分分析。结果随着试验法向载荷从10 N增加到30 N时,船用低温钢板的摩擦系数从0.51逐渐增加到0.63,磨损率先增加后降低,再逐渐增加。在相同载荷下,摩擦系数随着往复频率的提高而降低。载荷为30 N时,往复频率为5 Hz,摩擦2 h后,磨损断面轮廓宽度和深度分别为750μm和3871 nm。接触面从磨粒磨损转向疲劳磨损,接触面出现氧化层、表面硬化层和转移层。结论载荷较低时,船用低温钢磨损主要为氧化磨损和疲劳磨损;载荷增大时,接触面磨损出现疲劳磨损。同等载荷下,摩擦系数会随着移动速度的提高有所下降,接触面在摩擦热作用下形成的金属膜有助于降低表面粗糙度,减小摩擦系数。     

原位合成Al2O3增强铝基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

通过采用粉末冶金和原位合成技术相结合的近净成形技术制备Al-5％Si-Al2O3复合材料,并运用M一2000摩擦磨损试验机对该复合材料的摩擦磨损性能进行研究。通过单一变量比较法分析载荷和滑动速度对Al-5％Si-Al2O3复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响,同时对长时间连续磨损下该材料的摩擦性能进行研究。通过扫描电子显微镜对Al-5％Si-Al2O3复合材料的磨损表面进行观察,并分析其磨损机制。结果表明,随着载荷的增大,试样的磨损量和摩擦因数均增加;随着滑动速度的增大,试样表面的升温使得产生氧化层的速率增加,试样的磨损量和摩擦因数均减少。在长时间的连续磨损过程中,由于初始时发生粘着磨损,试样的摩擦因数随着滑动距离的增大而增大。然后,试样表面氧化层的形成和破坏趋于动态平衡,试样表面相对稳定,其摩擦因数也随之趋于平稳。铝基复合材料的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损、粘着磨损和氧化磨损。     

Abrasive wear property of laser melting/deposited Ti2Ni/TiNi intermetallic alloy

A wear resistant intermetallic alloy consisting of TiNi primary dendrites and Ti2Ni matrix was fabricated by the laser melting deposition manufacturing process. Wear resistance of Ti2Ni/TiNi alloy was evaluated on an abrasive wear tester at room temperature under the different loads. The results show that the intermetallic alloy suffers more abrasive wear attack under low wear test load of 7, 13 and 25 N than high-chromium cast-iron. However, the intermetallic alloy exhibits better wear resistance under wear test load of 49 N. Abrasive wear of the laser melting deposition TiENi/TiNi alloy is governed by micro-cutting and plowing. Pseudoelasticity of TiNi plays an active role in contributing to abrasive wear resistance.     

Tribological behaviors of Zr-based bulk metallic glass versus Zr-based bulk metallic glass under relative heavy loads

As a novel engineering material, bulk metallic glass (BMG) has received much attention. However, the knowledge concerning the tribological behavior of BMG versus BMG under relatively heavy loads is still insufficient. In this study, Zr₄₁Ti₁₄Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Be_22.5 metallic glass pins and discs were prepared by copper-mold suction casting. The dry sliding friction and the wear characteristics of the as-cast Zr-based BMG versus Zr-based BMG were tested under loads of 100, 125 and 150 N, respectively, using a pin-on-disc tribological apparatus at room temperature. The worn surfaces were studied by scanning electron microscopy in order to identify the wear mechanisms. The results showed that both the coefficient of friction and the wear rate increased with both the normal load and the rotational sliding velocity. X-ray diffraction patterns recorded after the tribological experiments indicated that no sliding-induced crystallization occurred. Transmission electron microscopy was also used to confirm the amorphous of the BMGs after sliding tests. In addition, the wear mechanisms changed with the experimental conditions. For a normal load of 100 N, the main mechanisms were abrasive wear, slight grooves and micro-cracks. For higher loads, adhesive wear was predominant, accompanied by abrasive wear and deeper grooves and more micro-cracks. When the rotational sliding velocity was increased, the dominant wear changed from slight grooves to viscous flow and adhesive wear.     

NiCrBSiWCe合金粉末喷熔层滑动磨损特性研究

采用热喷熔方法在45钢表面制备了NiCrBSiWCe合金粉末喷熔层,在SRV磨损试验机上进行小振幅滑动磨损试验研究.结果表明,NiCrBSiWCe合金喷熔层的摩擦磨损性能明显高于SAE52100钢.在较低载荷和滑动速度较低下,小振幅滑动磨损机理为磨损表面的划痕、裂纹和疲劳脱层.而在较高滑动速度下,小振幅滑动磨损机理为磨损表面的氧化磨屑层的形成,含稀土的磨屑层阻碍了喷熔层小振幅滑动磨损.     

40Cr钢表面渗氮及制备CrN涂层在重载低速下的摩擦学性能

目的提高40Cr齿轮在重载低速下的摩擦学性能。方法采用离子渗氮和电弧离子蒸发镀(AED)技术在40Cr钢基体上制备了渗氮层和Cr N涂层。用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和往复式摩擦磨损试验机,研究了经两种表面处理后40Cr钢的物相组成、形貌和摩擦学性能。结果渗氮样品表面化合物层厚度约10μm,硬度约为558HV。Cr N涂层表面厚度约为4μm,涂层硬度约为1341HV。在60 N载荷的条件下,渗氮处理后40Cr钢的磨损率为104.17×10-6 mm3/(N·m),其磨损机理主要为轻微的粘着磨损和磨粒磨损;制备Cr N涂层后40Cr钢的磨损率为17.36×10-6 mm3/(N·m),其磨损机理主要为轻微的磨粒磨损。结论在20~60 N法向载荷下,制备Cr N涂层后,40Cr钢均表现出最优异的耐磨减摩性能。     

原位自生(TiC+TiB)/Ti6Al4V复合材料摩擦磨损性能研究

本文用原位反应法制备了不同TiC和TiB增强相含量的(TiC+TiB)/Ti6Al4V复合材料(简记为TMC),用HT-1000型摩擦磨损试验机研究了外加载荷对原位本文用原位反应法制备了不同TiC和TiB增强相含量的（TiC+TiB）/Ti6Al4V复合材料（简记为TMC）,用HT-1000型摩擦磨损试验机研究了外加载荷对原位（TiC+TiB）/Ti6Al4V复合材料干滑动摩擦磨损性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜及布鲁克三维形貌仪观察分析其磨损行为。结果显示,与Ti6Al4V基体相比,TiC+TiB增强相的生成提高了复合材料的耐磨性。对于含不同体积分数增强相的复合材料,随着外加载荷的增加,材料的磨损率和磨损深度增加,摩擦系数减小且在小范围内波动。在小负载下,磨损的表面覆盖有一些沟槽和少量磨屑;在大负载下,磨损的表面覆盖有一些浅沟槽和大量磨屑。磨损机制为磨粒磨损和氧化磨损。随着负荷增加,碎屑的尺寸增加,磨损加剧。     

Friction and wear behavior of the PVD (Zr,Ti)N coated cemented carbide against 40Cr hardened steel

(Zr,Ti)N hard coatings were deposited on WC/TiC/Co cemented carbide by multi arc ion plating. Friction and wear behavior of the (Zr,Ti)N coatings against 40Cr hardened steel were evaluated using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The friction coefficients and wear rates were measured with varying applied loads and sliding speeds. The results showed that the friction coefficient increased with the increase of the applied load, and decreased with the increase of sliding speed. The wear rate decreased with both increasing applied load and sliding speed. The wear mechanism of the coatings at low friction loads was mild abrasive wear and flake while brittle fracture and flake at high applied loads. The wear mode of the (Zr,Ti)N coatings changed from adhesive wear and brittle fracture to mild abrasive wear as the sliding speed increased. The EGC coating which presents a graded distribution of coefficient of thermal expansion shows best wear resistant properties, in particular at high load and sliding speed conditions. Cracks, flakes and delamination fracture of the coatings were observed. The major failure mechanisms of the coatings are flaking and delamination.