微量Ni对Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu钎料组织和性能的影响

研究微量Ni元素对Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu钎料显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu合金主要由β-Sn相、Ag3Sn相和Cu6Sn5相组成;添加微量的Ni元素后,可以有效地细化合金的内部组织,且共晶组织内部产生以Cu6Sn5相为基的(Cu,Ni)6Sn5相,或Ag3Sn相为基的(Ag,Ni)3Sn相。焊点界面主要为Cu基体、IMC层和钎料3个区域;随着钎焊时间的延长或钎焊温度的增加,IMC层在Cu基体侧较为光滑平坦,而钎料侧呈现扇贝状分布;钎焊接头的剪切强度都是呈先增大后减小趋势,在钎焊时间240 s和钎焊温度300℃达到最大值48 MPa。     

Ag和Ni元素对Sn-Sb-Cu无铅钎料熔化温度和铺展性能的影响

在Sn-Sb-Cu三元钎料合金中添加微量元素Ag和Ni,通过合金化形成Sn-Sb-Cu-Ag和Sn-Sb-Cu-Ni两种新型四元无铅钎料合金,以改善基体钎料性能.结果表明,在Sn-Sb-Cu钎料合金中添加微量元素Ag,合金熔化温度较基体钎料下降,铺展面积增大,这与钎料过热度增大,形成弥散低熔点相SnAg和液态钎料表面张力减小有关;添加微量元素Ni,合金熔化温度较基体钎料下降,铺展性能稍稍变差,这是因为添加微量元素Ni后,Sn-Sb-Cu-Ni液态钎料粘度提高,表面张力增大.且在钎料与铜基板处形成了多面体形状(Cu,Ni)6Sn5,且该相覆盖在Cu6Sn5表面,不利于液态钎料的润湿铺展.     

SnAgCu系软钎料钎焊接头性能研究

制备了不同Ni含量的Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RE-x Ni钎料合金,对其显微组织、熔化特性和力学性能进行测试;使用该钎料对纯铜进行钎焊,然后对不同Ni含量的钎料合金钎焊接头的蠕变性能进行测试分析。结果表明:Ni的加入有利于提高钎料合金的力学性能和细化组织,但对于合金的熔化特性影响不大。在本次试验条件下,当w(Ni)分别为0.05%和1%时,接头试样的蠕变性能优于其他Ni含量的情况。     

合金元素对AgCuZn系钎料合金组织与性能的影响

通过向AgCuZn系钎料合金中添加适量的合金元素Sn,Ni,P,研究了不同元素含量的Sn,Ni,P对AgCuZn系无镉钎料组织性能的影响.结果表明,随着Sn元素含量的增加,钎料的润湿铺展性能整体呈上升趋势;P元素的加入可以降低液态钎料与试件间的表面张力,改善钎料的润湿性和流动性.显微组织分析表明,AgCuZn系钎料合金微观组织主要由富Cu相、CuZn化合物相、Cu5.6Sn化合物相、Cu40.5 Sn11化合物相和Ag的析出相组成,AgCuZn钎料合金中加入Sn元素后生成粗大的树枝晶,使钎料脆性增大;钎料合金中加入Ni元素,生成灰黑色的Ni3P化合物相,微观组织细化;P元素的加入生成灰色的Cu3P化合物相.     

急冷Ag-Cu-Ge钎料薄带性能与钎焊界面特征

采用急法制备了Ag-Cu-Ge共晶钎料薄带。用DSC、XRD分析钎料合金的熔化温度及相组成。用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察钎料合金以及钎焊接头的组织形貌,并用能谱仪（EDS）进行成分分析。结果表明：急冷Ag-Cu-Ge钎料液相线降低了4.8℃,熔化区间减小了4.4℃;铸态钎料组织粗大,偏析严重,急冷态钎料组织显著细化,成分更加均匀;与同成分的普通钎料相比,急冷Ag-Cu-Ge钎料与铜和镍基体的润湿性和铺展性更好,过渡层的厚度更宽,钎焊接头剪切强度更高;钎料合金与铜母材形成层状固液同分化合物,而与镍母材形成了笋状固液异分化合物,这种嵌入式结构有利于提高钎焊接头的牢固性。     

单辊急冷甩带法制备Ag-22.4Cu-20Sn钎料合金组织性能研究

为解决Ag-Cu-Sn系钎料合金显微组织粗大的问题,并改善其力学性能和钎焊性能,采用单辊急冷甩带法制备厚0.2 mm,宽12 mm的Ag-22.4Cu-20Sn钎料薄带,通过使用差示扫描量热仪、X射线衍射仪、SEM及能谱仪对该钎料薄带的熔化特征、相组成以及显微组织进行了分析。采用Ag-22.4Cu-20Sn钎料薄带进行铜板和镍板的铺展性试验和搭接钎焊试验。结果表明:单辊急冷甩带法制备的Ag-22.4Cu-20Sn钎料薄带由亚稳相α-Ag、Ag_4Sn、Cu_(41)Sn_(11)金属间化合物组成,钎料合金显微组织为细小的等轴晶组织。Ag-22.4Cu-20Sn钎料薄带在铜板、镍板上润湿良好。钎接接头均形成了冶金结合,接头拉抗剪强度较高,均满足工程实际要求。     

Ni/P/Ce元素对SnAgCu无铅钎料性能和组织的影响

研究添加微量单一Ni、P或稀土Ce元素对Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu(质量分数, %)无铅钎料熔化温度、润湿性能、时效前后钎焊接头的剪切强度和显微组织的影响。结果表明：单一Ni、P和稀土Ce元素的添加,对Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu钎料合金的熔化温度影响很小;P元素的加入能够增大合金的润湿力,缩小润湿时间。加入单一的Ni或稀土Ce元素对合金的润湿性能和接头时效前的剪切强度影响不大,但能够很好地抑制高温时效引起的接头剪切强度的下降。此外,P 元素的添加明显地改善了合金的抗氧化性能,但稀土Ce元素的添加对其有所恶化。这些性能的改变与微量Ni、P或稀土Ce元素对其显微组织的影响有关     

Ni Cu泡沫 Sn-Pb复合钎料低温钎焊镀银铝合金板接头显微结构及力学性能

采用80%孔隙度的Ni-Cu/Sn-Pb复合钎料在230℃钎焊镀银铝合金,研究了钎焊时间对接头显微结构以及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在复合钎料和Ag层界面形成了连续的Ag_3Sn层,Ni-Cu合金骨架边缘生成了(Cu,Ni)_6Sn_5层;随着时间的延长,(Cu,Ni)_6Sn_5逐渐长大并发生分解,分散到钎料基体中。由于合金骨架的强化作用以及分散在基体中的(Cu,Ni)_6Sn_5相的钉扎作用,接头的抗剪强度随着时间的延长先提高后降低,在15 min时达到48.6 MPa,相比Sn-Pb共晶合金钎料钎焊接头提高了20.6 MPa。     

Cu-P基急冷钎料的制备及钎焊性能的研究

利用单辊急冷法制备用于铜及铜合金钎焊的Cu76.3P7.5Ni13Sn3Si0.2铜磷基急冷钎料。制得的急冷铜磷基钎料薄带具有良好的韧性,钎焊性能优良。将急冷钎料在680℃的钎焊温度下选择3种保温时间(5、10、15 min)与紫铜进行真空钎焊,重点研究了急冷钎料的润湿性与保温时间的关系以及焊接接头的组织结构及力学性能。结果表明,急冷钎料的熔化温度低,润湿性好,硬度低、易加工,用急冷钎料焊接的接头有较优的接头质量。     

微量Cu元素对Au-24Ag-3.25Si钎料合金组织和焊接性能的影响

通过分析相图,配制成分分别为Au-24Ag-3.25Si、Au-24Ag-3.25Si-1.5Cu、Au-24Ag-3.25Si-2.0Cu、Au-24Ag-3.25Si-2.5Cu4种合金,中频感应真空熔铸法制备铸锭,在流动氢气保护管式电阻炉中进行焊接实验,基板采用纯Ni片,焊接温度为550℃.使用微量型DTA差热分析仪测定钎料合金的熔化温度,并通过金相观察和扫描电镜观察结合X射线能谱分析对钎料合金的组织和焊接性能进行研究.结果表明,添加适量的Cu元素能降低Au-24Ag-3.25Si钎料合金的熔点,减小固液相间隔:Cu元素的加入使Au-24Ag-3-25Si钎料合金的显微组织发生了显著变化,有新固溶体的形成,使得钎料合金的硬度随之升高;Au-24Ag-3.25Si-1.5Cu钎料合金与Ni焊接后铺展形貌良好,润湿角较小,其焊接界面组织形貌与未添加Cu元素前基本一致,仍然有金属间化合物层(IMC)出现,能谱分析和线扫描结果显示,该IMC层由Ni和Si的金属间化合物组成,Cu元素的添加没有明显改善Au-24Ag-3.25Si钎料合金与Ni的焊接性能.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).