面向敏捷生产调度与控制的基于MAS的制造系统

面对动态制造环境中制造系统必须面对的时间不确定性、设备可靠性/可用性、订单变化、人力资源变化等问题,提出一种面向敏捷生产调度与控制的基于MAS的制造系统组织框架以支持进行有效的生产调度和控制.引入招投标方法实现任务的分解与分配,通过制造任务的分解与分配建立各层Agent之间的协调工作及协同决策机制;采用能力匹配与动态调度相结合的方法实现任务分配与调度控制的有效集成;面向生产任务需求动态确定Agent粒度、组建MAS模型;为了便于构造各种Agent,提出一种Agent的多层混合结构.从而制造系统中的各种制造资源被重组成为Agent网络,使其能够利用各种Agent的自治和合作特性适应制造环境的变化,实现动态调度与控制.     

分布式制造动态调度资源集成系统建模

本文分析了分布式制造动态调度的本质，提出了对分布式制造资源集成系统的要求，并利用多A-gent理论对分布式制造资源集成系统进行建模，给出了系统集成的拓扑图和说明系统的信息流动过程，解决了构造分布式制造动态调度资源集成系统的理论基础。     

基于智能反馈的制造系统动态监测与调控

为了提高制造系统的可控性和运行效率，需要及时掌握其运行状态信息，并以此为依据采取相应的措施。通过对制造系统控制模型的研究，提出一种用于制造系统动态监测与调控的智能反馈算法。该算法应用了一系列的子程序，每一个子程序都完成一定的功能，搜寻、分析和修改调度结果来创建更加适合于实际加工环境的调度方案。通过监测制造系统的运行状态，该算法针对系统出现的不确定性因素进行重组织。最后，通过实例分析了该方法的工作流程，证明了其有效性。     

基于绿色制造的切削机床-车间系统降噪研究

机床-车间系统是切削制造过程的基本生产单元，是实施绿色制造很关键的一环，从广义的角度看运转噪声和切削噪声都是机床噪声的一部分，基于绿色制造的机床-车间系统降噪关键在于降低机床噪声。本文对切削机床-车间系统的噪声特性进行了分析；总结了机床设计和制造（改造）过程中一些降低机床运转噪声的措施；提出了用调度等方法降低系统的切削噪声；并进行了实例分析。     

基于多Agent的蚁群算法在车间动态调度中的应用研究

文章提出了基于多代理的车间动态调度结构模型,并分析了此结构模型的工作原理.对应用蚁群算法如何实现车间的具体调度进行了分析与实现,从而为制造系统中的动态调度提供了一种新方法.通过仿真,验证了此方法在车间动态调度问题的求解中具有很好的可行性与有效性.     

基于Agent反、正向招投标技术的Job Shop调度研究

分析了目前基于多Agent技术的Job Shop调度研究所存在的问题，对Job Shop调度问题进行了形式化描述，给出了基于多Agent的总体调度结构和调度过程，提出了基于柔性工艺路线的虚拟制造单元和Agent的反、正向招投标调度机制，描述了具体实现过程，给出了招标、投标、评标的参数和指标，通过示例验证了该方法的有效性。所提方法在Agent招投标中直接考虑了工序任务间的约束和联系，即充分发挥了多Agent系统分散决策的优势，又从根本上避免了任务分配的冲突，提高了调度效率。     

类柔性形状沉积制造系统中沉积站的结构形式

基于“类柔性”形状沉积制造的思想,把柔性制造的理论应用于形状沉积制造系统中,提出了类柔性形状沉积制造沉积站的总体布局形式,对沉积站的调度及固定平台总体结构、沉积设备的安装、沉积设备调度的结构装置、固定平台及其他辅助装置等进行了探讨,并对这种结构形式下沉积站的工作过程进行了详细的描述。所构建的沉积站结构是类柔性形状沉积制造系统的核心,通过它可以柔性地添加或去除沉积设备,并同其他工艺装置一起构成类柔性形状沉积制造系统。     

FMS调度软件自动生成系统原理及其结构

本文在讨论了ＦＭＳ动态实时调度功能的基础上，提出了在ＦＭＳ控制器中，动态实时调度模块与其它模块的接口形式和动态调度规则的表示方法，给出了完整的ＦＭＳ调度软件自动生成系统的结构框架。初步实践表明，该系统的原理及结构是合理可行的。     

精密注射模柔性制造中的智能调度研究现状分析

以带AGV搬运系统的精密注射模车间生产特点为背景,介绍了精密注射模柔性制造车间的生产调度。指出AGV作为柔性制造系统中的物流模块,其运输特点和运输路线对生产调度目标有重大影响。根据不同的调度目标和需求,阐述了柔性制造车间的调度种类,并对带AGV系统的精密注射模柔性制造车间调度算法的研究现状进行了分析归纳和总结。     

用电子计算机进行组合机床主轴箱生产的技术准备

在机床制造业中,对单件和小批生产自动化问题的系统看法,是以和机床生产的技术准备和制造有关的全部工作综合自动化为基础的。 生产综合自动化系统包括下列工作阶段:结构设计和工艺设计、规定定额、借助于电子计算机组织和管理生产、用单台的数控机床或由电子计算机集中控制的机床来制造零件(工件的输送和按工艺过程的调度是自动化的)。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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