Cu含量对Mullite／Al—Cu复合材料时效硬化行为的影响

用挤压铸造方法制备了Mullite/Al-Cu复合材料,用硬度测试仪、差示扫描量热仪（DSC）和透射电镜（TEM）等设备研究了铝基复合材料及其基体合金中Cu含量变化对时效硬化行为的影响,同时还研究了增强纤维对时效相的板出序列、析出相和位错结构的影响。结果表明,无论是在复合材料中还是在基体合金中,随着Al-Cui合金中Cu含量的增加,时效硬化过程均有不同程度的加速;Mullite纤维的引入提高了Al-Cu合金的时效硬度,明显加速了Al-Cu合金的时效硬化过程,对GP区的形成有抑制作用,但不影响基体沉淀相的析出顺序。     

2197铝锂合金形变热处理中T1相的析出行为

对2197铝锂合金进行形变热处理,采用HREM高分辨电镜观察合金欠时效和峰时效两个阶段的显微组织,研究T1相析出长大行为及其界面特征。结果表明:形变热处理2197合金在欠时效阶段主要存在δ′、θ′和T1相,T1相尺寸约为40 nm;峰时效阶段合金中δ′和θ′数量减少,主要析出相为T1相,其尺寸为50~150 nm,T1相可通过δ′相的溶解而长大。在欠时效和峰时效两阶段,T1相末端与基体共格,其他区域与基体非共格。T1相为六方晶系,与基体存在惯析关系:(0001)T1//(111)A1、[1010]T1//[110]A1,惯析面为{111}A1。     

Cu对Al-Li合金组织结构与性能的影响SCIEI

本文研究了3种Cu/Li比的Al-Li-Cu-Zr合金的时效析出组织及其性能。结果表明,实验合金时效由两级硬化过程所组成,其中第一级硬化是δ′相(3号合金为δ′+T_1相)强化而引起;第二级硬化是由于δ′+T_1(3号合金为δ′+T_1+θ′)的复合强化作用。当T_1相板条与δ′相颗粒相遇时,δ′相逐渐被T_1相吞并。Cu/Li比增加,合金的强(硬)度上升,但塑性下降,拉伸断口由穿晶变为沿晶形式,这与高Cu/Li比合金中晶界析出平衡相有关。     

预变形对2099合金组织性能的影响

通过显微硬度测试、力学性能测试和透射电镜观察等手段,研究了不同预变形程度对2099合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着预变形程度增大,合金时效进程显著加快,合金峰时效态的强度显著提高;析出相更为细小弥散地分布于基体中,较为粗大的晶界析出相趋于不连续化、点链化;时效强化相经历了由T_1相、δ′相和θ′相三相共存到以T_1相为主要强化相的变化过程,表明预变形对时效过程中析出相的大小、类型、分布有重要影响,在促进T_1相析出的同时,也消耗了δ′相和θ′相。     

2A97铝锂合金双级时效研究

通过TEM分析和常规力学性能测试,研究双级时效工艺对2A97铝锂合金组织和性能的影响,以优化合金强度和塑性匹配。结果表明:随预时效温度升高,双级时效基体由形成θ′/θ″相和δ′相为主的组织转变为形成T1相、θ″/θ′和δ′相为主的组织。135℃预时效、双级时效基体形成大量细小的θ′/θ″相和δ′相,T1数量少。晶界和亚晶界T1数量多,尺寸小,晶界和亚晶界θ′/θ″无析出带宽度窄。155℃预时效、双级时效可在基体形成以T1相为主的组织,且数量多,尺寸大,均匀分布,T1相、θ″/θ′和δ′相的联合强化作用使合金具有高的强度。     

高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的时效析出行为

利用拉伸力学性能测试和透射电镜等研究了高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金在长时间时效过程中的时效析出行为。结果表明：实验用高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金板材具有较好的热稳定性和塑性,经185℃时效50h后合金的强度较峰值状态仅下降6%～7%,同时伸长率δ10保持在8%以上;Ω相是高纯Al-Cu-Mg-Ag合金的主要强化相,当合金处于峰值状态时,Ω相与基体之间会产生较大的错配应变,并在Ω相的细小片层处产生位错,为随后二次析出相θ′的析出提供有利的形核位置;延长时效时间将促进尺寸较大的Ω相和大部分θ′相（包括先析出相和二次析出相）向平衡相θ转变,但Ω→θ的转变远比θ′→θ的转变缓慢。     

Al—Li—Zr合金的分级时效

用透射电镜研究了Al—2.31Wt％Li—0.34Wt％Zr合金的分级时效过程。通过控制Li含量、固溶温度和时效温度,探寻β′(Al_3Zr)和强化相δ′(Al_3Li)最佳弥散分布条件。Li的添加,在673K一级时效的初期,能促进β′相的析出并抑制过时效进程;在473K二级时效后,由于δ′(Al_3Li)相与β′(Al_3Zr)相形成复合析出组织,屈服应力达到280兆帕。分级日于效是提高Al—Li—Zr合金强度和韧性的新途径。     

Mg和Zn对2099合金时效组织与拉伸性能的影响

通过常规力学性能测试和透射电镜微观组织观察,研究2099合金在不同热处理状态(T6和T8)下的微观组织和拉伸性能,以及2099合金中所含少量Mg和Zn对合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:2099合金在T6峰时效条件下,主要强化相是δ′相、θ′相和T1相;在T8峰时效下,主要强化相是δ′相、T1相和少量θ′相,预拉伸变形促进T1相的析出,提高合金的时效强化效果;Mg的添加促进GP区和θ′相的析出,Zn的添加有利于T1相生成和弥散分布;而Mg和Zn同时添加显著地促进T1相析出,并抑制δ′相的粗化。     

时效对8090铝合金组织和力学性能的影响

通过测定时效硬化曲线和室温拉伸性能，研究了时效的温度和时间对８０９０铝合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，合金性能的变化主要归因于δ相颗粒尺寸的变化和Ｓ′相的析出。δ′相与δ′相共同析出可改善合金的强度和塑性，其最佳时效条件为１９０℃／２５ｈ。     

2198铝锂合金对时效温度敏感性及其析出行为

通过拉伸测试和透射电镜分析,研究了不同时效温度下2198铝锂合金组织和性能的变化。结果发现:在峰时效之前的小温度区间内,2198铝锂合金对时效温度非常敏感,经淬火变形后在150~170℃下时效14 h,随温度的升高,强化效果显著增加,延伸率降低;观察到的2198合金的析出相相主要是δ′、θ′、β′/δ′、T1、σ相。不同时效温度下得到的析出相的种类和形貌不同,160℃以下时效,析出相以δ′、θ′、β′/δ′为主,160℃以上,以T1、σ相的为主,多种相复合强化。时效过程中析出相的种类和含量的变化是该合金力学性能对时效温度敏感的本质原因。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.