挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.6Mn-0.5Fe合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用拉伸性能测试、定量金相分析、扫描电镜等手段研究挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.6Mn-0.5Fe合金的显微组织和力学性能,分析挤压压力对合金的力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明:当挤压压力从0增大到75 MPa时,合金的抗拉强度(σb)和伸长率(δ)都显著增加。当挤压压力为75 MPa时,铸态合金的抗拉强度为298 MPa,伸长率达17.6%;经T5热处理后,合金的抗拉强度为395 MPa,伸长率为14.2%。当挤压压力从0增大到75 MPa时,α(Al)二次枝晶间距减小了69%,θ相(Al2Cu)和富Fe相的体积分数略有降低,针状β-Fe相消失,同时晶界处汉字状α-Fe相由连续的汉字状变成分散、细小的骨骼状。     

锻压力对铸锻复合成形6061铝合金组织性能的影响

研究了在不同锻压力下6061铝合金的显微组织与力学性能.结果表明:铸锻复合成形过程未施加锻压力时相当于压力铸造过程,显微组织中枝晶比较发达,晶粒粗大,宏观组织中有明显的凝固收缩产生的裂纹;施加锻压力后能够显著改善合金的组织,铸造缺陷减少,晶粒得到较大细化;随着锻压力的增大,铸锻态和T6热处理态合金的抗拉强度皆先增大后趋于平缓减小,当锻压力为90MPa时,铸锻态达到最大224MPa,T6热处理后,合金的抗拉强度显著提高,达到最高358MPa;铸锻态和T6热处理态的伸长率皆在60MPa时达到最大.     

挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.8Mg-0.5Fe合金的组织及性能

采用金相组织观察、扫描电镜、拉伸性能测试等手段,研究了挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.8Mg-0.5Fe合金的组织演变和力学性能。结果表明,当挤压压力从0增大到75 MPa时,合金的力学性能得到显著提高,这主要是由于挤压压力有利于Al-Cu合金中汉字状AlmFe相的形成,抑制针状β-Fe相的形成,同时显著细化富Fe相,减少铸造缺陷。当挤压压力为75MPa时,铸态下合金抗拉强度为258 MPa,伸长率为8.5%,经T6热处理后,其抗拉强度为432 MPa,伸长率为6.7%。     

挤压工艺对喷射成形6061铝合金组织与性能的影响

在2 000 kN四柱液压机上对铸态、喷射态6061铝合金进行挤压处理,研究了挤压温度、挤压比对喷射态合金微观组织及力学性能的影响,分析了挤压态合金的断裂机理,并对比了铸态、喷射态合金挤压后的力学性能.结果表明,当挤压比为6.25时,随着挤压温度的升高,合金试样发生再结晶的晶粒数量增加,到250 ℃时形成均匀细小的等轴晶组织;合金的硬度和抗拉强度随挤压温度的升高而降低;但伸长率却随挤压温度的升高而升高.当挤压温度为250 ℃时,合金晶粒尺寸随挤压比的增大而减小;伸长率和抗拉强度随挤压比的增大而升高;而硬度受挤压比变化的影响则不大.挤压态合金的断裂机理为微孔聚集断裂."喷射+挤压"态合金的抗拉强度和伸长率都比"铸造+挤压"态合金的高.     

热处理对挤压铸造Mg93YZn6合金组织和性能的影响

采用挤压铸造法制备了Mg93YZn6合金,并对其进行高温热处理,分析了铸态和热处理态的Mg93YZn6合金的微观组织、显微硬度和力学性能。结果表明,该合金的挤压铸造和热处理后的组织中均只有α-Mg基体相和准晶I相生成。经500℃×4h热处理后,合金中的准晶相含量与铸态合金中变化不大。经550℃×2h热处理后,合金中的准晶相有所减少。与铸态合金相比,热处理后合金的硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率均提高。     

压力对铸造Al-Li-Cu合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用直接挤压铸造工艺制备一种密度为2.525 g/cm3的A1-2.47Li-1.49Cu合金铸锭,通过宏观腐蚀、OM、DSC、SEM、XRD及拉伸性能测试等手段对其组织和力学性能进行研究。结果表明:压力作用下凝固可以显著改善铸锭的表面质量,获得致密无缩松缺陷的铸锭,50 MPa下,铸锭中的柱状晶平均长度较重力铸造下的减小20%;合金铸态微观组织主要由初生α(Al)、T2相以及少量AlLiSi和Al6(CuFe)组成,施加压力不改变相的组成,但可使第二相尺寸更小,分布更均匀;合金硬度、抗拉强度以及伸长率均随压力增大而增大,但50 MPa以后压力对性能的影响不明显。50 MPa下T5热处理的合金抗拉强度为329 MPa,伸长率为6%,硬度为135HBS,较重力铸造合金分别提高了7.2%、107%和3%。     

高真空压铸AlSi10MnMgFe合金的组织和力学性能

借助于平板压铸件,研究了T1、T5、T6热处理对高真空压铸AlSi10MnMgFe合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,高真空压铸件组织致密,性能优于普通压铸件。170℃×8h时效处理后压铸件的抗拉强度达到351.3MPa,高于铸态,伸长率为3.5%,比铸态有所下降。T5、T6热处理可以改善压铸件的组织。T5热处理后试样的伸长率达到8.3%,明显高于铸态;而T6热处理后,压铸件的抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和硬度(HB)分别达到358.4 MPa、286.6 MPa、6.1%、110.4,均高于铸态。     

Fe含量对挤压铸造Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用不同压力的挤压铸造方法制备了不同Fe含量的Al-7.1Zn-2.4Mg-2.1Cu合金,研究了Fe含量和压力对挤压铸造合金组织和力学性能的影响,并重点分析了合金的断裂行为.结果 表明:铸态下,合金中富铁相为汉字状A16 (CuFe),T4热处理后,富铁相A16(CuFe)部分转变为富铜的Al7 Cu2 Fe相.相比重力铸造合金,挤压铸造高铁含量Al-7.1Zn-2.4Mg-2.1Cu合金力学性能得到显著的提升,降低了富铁相的危害,这主要归因于压力作用下组织细化和铸造缺陷的减少.75 MPa压力下,含铁量为0.55 mass％的合金经T4热处理后的抗拉强度为464 MPa,屈服强度为325 MPa,伸长率为8.9％.     

不同挤压力下凝固的Al-Si-Cu-T4的组织与性能

研究在不同挤压力下凝同的Al-Si-Cu-T4的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:在挤压力下凝固时,该合金显微组织发生明显变化,其抗拉强度和伸长率均有明显提高.当挤压力为0.1～50 MPa时,随着挤压力的增加,初生a(Al)晶粒尺寸和共晶Si粒子长宽比均显著减小,Si相形貌由长针状变成粒状或圆棒状.同时,枝晶间距减小,Al2Cu相量和枝晶间孔洞数量减少,力学性能提高;而当挤压力为50～100 MPa时,挤压力的增加对合金显微组织和力学性能影响不大.因此,50 MPa为该合金的合适挤压力,在该条件下凝固的合金经T4热处理后,其抗拉强度和伸长率分别为323.6 MPa和8.51%.此外,分析讨论了不同挤压力下凝固的合金断口裂纹的形成.     

Zr对挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.4Mn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用拉伸力学性能测试、宏观腐蚀、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等,研究不同Zr含量对挤压铸造Al-5.0Cu-0.4Mn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响,并与重力铸造的合金的显微组织和力学性能进行对比分析。结果表明:针对铸态合金,无论是挤压铸造还是重力铸造,在Zr含量(质量分数)为0.25%时,合金获得最佳的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率;而对于热处理态合金,当Zr含量从0增加到0.35%时,合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度都随着Zr含量的增加而增加,但伸长率在Zr含量为0.15%时达到最大值。挤压铸造可以显著改善不同Zr含量合金的伸长率,但对铸态合金伸长率的提升幅度明显优于热处理态合金的。Zr在铸态合金中的强化作用主要是细晶强化,而合金经T6热处理后,固溶强化以及Al3Zr粒子和θ?相的弥散强化是主要强化机制,挤压铸造可以显著改善Al3Zr粒子的弥散强化效果。     

不同压力对挤压铸造Al-Cu-Mg合金性能的影响

使用挤压铸造工艺制备了高强、高韧Al-4.5Cu-1Mg合金。在挤压力为70MPa下成型后,合金的最大抗拉强度达到288.8MPa、伸长率达到12.8%、HRB硬度达到48.3。通过对该合金力学性能及其显微组织的研究表明,合金的抗拉强度、伸长率以及硬度随着压力的增加而增大,并且在70MPa时达到最大值,70MPa之后继续增加压力,对材料性能影响不大。研究了挤压力对合金的密度和导电性的影响。试验结果表明,合金的密度随着压力的增加而快速增大,在挤压压力为70MPa时达到最大值,然后变化不大。     

Influence of Applied Pressure on Tensile Behaviour and Microstructure of Squeeze Cast Mg Alloy AM50 with Ca Addition

The development of alternative manufacturing processes is essential for the success in applying Ca-containing magnesium alloys for automotive applications due to their relatively poor die castability. Squeeze casting with its inherent advantages has been demonstrated capable of minimizing the formation of casting defects in Mg-Al-Ca alloys. In this study, the effect of applied pressures on tensile behavior and microstructure of squeeze cast Mg-5wt.%Al-1%wt.%Ca alloy (AMX501) was investigated with the applied pressure varying from 3 to 90 MPa. The results of tensile testing indicate that the tensile properties of AMX501 alloy including ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation (E _f) increase from 153.7, 80 MPa and 3.26% to 183.7, 90.5, and 5.42% with increasing applied pressure levels from 3 to 90 MPa, respectively. The analysis of true stress versus strain curves shows that an increase in applied pressure levels result in high straining hardening rates during the plastic deformation of the alloy. Microstructural analysis and density measurements indicate that, as the applied pressure increases, the porosity levels of the alloy decrease considerably, despite of almost no significant reduction in grain sizes of the squeeze cast alloys due to their high aspect ratio of cylindrical castings. Hence, the improvement in tensile properties should be primarily attributed to casting densification resulting from applied pressures. The scanning electron microscopy observation on fractured surfaces reveals that the fracture modes of the squeeze cast alloys transit to ductile from brittle with increasing applied pressures.     

Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and properties of semi-solid squeeze casting AZ91D

Semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy billets were prepared by near-liquidus heat holding. Semi-solid squeeze casting was conducted at 575, 585 and 595 ℃, respectively, with 1 mm·s~(-1) squeeze speed. The semisolid squeeze casting AZ91D samples were heat treated by T4(solution at 415 ℃ for 24 h) and T6(solution at 415 ℃ for 24 h + 220 ℃ for 8 h) processes, respectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy in different states were investigated by means of OM, SEM and tensile testing machine. The results show that compared to as-cast alloy, the grain size of the semi-solid squeezed AZ91D decreased significantly, and with the increase of semi-solid squeeze temperature, the grain size of AZ91D increased. The grains of the alloy were refined by T4 treatment, and further refined by T6 treatment. T6 treatment greatly improved the tensile strength, elongation, and hardness, but did not significantly improve yield strength. After 575 ℃ squeeze casting and T6 treatment, the ultimate tensile strength(UTS) reached 285 MPa, the elongation reached 13.36%, and the hardness also reached the maximum(106.8 HV), but the yield strength(YS) was only 180 MPa. During the process of semi-solid squeeze casting and heat treatment, the matrix grain was refined and a large number of precipitated and secondary precipitated phases of Mg_(17)Al_(12) appeared. Both the average size of matrix grain and secondary precipitated phase decreased, while the volume fraction of secondary precipitated phase increased. All these resulted in high tensile strength, elongation and hardness.     

蛇形通道浇注流变压铸铝合金拉伸试样的力学性能和微观组织(英文)

开发出一种新颖的A356铝合金半固态加工技术——蛇形通道浇注流变压铸技术(SCRC)。采用SCRC技术制备A356铝合金拉伸试样,并研究试样在铸态和T6热处理条件下的力学性能和微观组织。结果表明:在铸态下拉伸试样的抗拉强度可达到250MPa左右,伸长率在8.6%-13.2%;经过T6热处理后,抗拉强度可提高约30%,但伸长率略有下降。在这些实验条件下,蛇形通道浇注技术可制备出初生α1(Al)的形状因子为0.78-0.89和晶粒尺寸为35-45μm的优质半固态A356铝合金浆料。与传统压铸工艺相比,SCRC技术可改善拉伸试样的微观组织并提高它的力学性能。这种SCRC技术具有与传统压铸设备衔接简便、取消了半固态浆料的保存及输送步骤和具有较高的性价比等优点。     

Fe含量对挤压铸造Al-3.5Mg-0.8Mn合金组织性能的影响

采用拉伸和硬度测试、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等手段,研究了不同Fe含量对挤压铸造Al-3.5Mg-0.8Mn合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Fe能改善合金的力学性能,合金中只存在Al₆(FeMn)相。合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度随着Fe含量的增加而增大,伸长率随着Fe含量的增加而降低,原因是随着Fe含量增加,硬脆的Al₆(FeMn)相增多。在挤压压力为75MPa和Fe含量为0.5%时,合金的综合力学性能最佳,其抗拉强度为252MPa,屈服强度为128MPa,伸长率为28%。     

Sn对AZ61镁合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

研究了Sn对AZ61镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。对显微组织的观察表明，当加入Sn之后，在铸态和热处理态合金中均发现了球形颗粒状的Mg：Sn。对合金力学性能的试验表明，少量的Sn可提高合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度。热处理态下，当Sn含量达到3％时合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到了274MPa和172MPa，但是伸长率下降到9％。拉伸断口的SEM形貌分析表明，加入Sn以后，合金断裂方式由解理断裂向准解理断裂转变。     

Mg-Bi合金的显微组织和力学性能

采用挤压铸造和挤压变形工艺制备了Mg-Bi二元合金,通过金相显微镜分析,室温拉伸性能测试,X射线衍射分析,SEM和EDS等手段,研究了Mg-Bi合金在铸态和热挤压态的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明:铸态Mg-Bi合金随着Bi含量的增加,伸长率逐渐降低,抗拉强度逐渐增加,当Bi含量达10wt.％以上,抗拉强度降低;Mg-Bi合金铸锭经450℃、3h保温,挤压比为12.76热挤压后,随Bi含量的增加,抗拉强度与伸长率均逐渐增加,当Bi含量达12wt.％时,抗拉强度为219.68 MPa,伸长率为13.43％,Bi含量继续增加,合金抗拉强度及伸长率呈下降趋势;挤压态Mg-Bi合金的力学性能是晶粒细化与Mg3Bi2综合作用的结果,当Bi含量大于12wt.％后,形成较多粗大的Mg3Bi2相是导致合金力学性能下降的主要原因.     

不同凝固压力条件下A356-10%SiC复合材料的微观组织及性能

通过搅拌法制备A356?10%10SiC复合材料,并分别在0.1(重力条件)、25、50和75 MPa压力条件下进行该复合材料的直接挤压铸造成形,研究了铸态和 T6热处理后复合材料的微观组织及力学性能。结果表明：随着挤压力的增大,铸件的增强颗粒?孔洞团簇缺陷减少,并改善了增强颗粒与基体间的结合强度,拉伸强度、硬度和热膨胀系数增加。与铸态复合材料相比,T6热处理后复合材料的抗拉强度和硬度增大而热膨胀系数减小;在重力条件下凝固的复合材料断口处存在增强颗粒?孔洞团簇缺陷,而在挤压力下凝固的复合材料断口未观察到该缺陷,断口特征表明两者存在不同的断裂机制。     

Effects of minor Y,Zr and Er addition on microstructure and properties of Al-5Cu-0.4Mn alloy

The effect of different contents of Y, Zr and Er on microstructure and properties of Al-5 Cu-0.4 Mn alloy was investigated. T6 heat treatment, OM, SEM and EDS methods were applied to the alloy. The results showed that fluidity and elongation of alloy adding Y, Zr and Er were improved, while with the increase of addition amounts, θ phase increased and grains were trended to grow up gradually. The Al-5 Cu-0.4 Mn alloy presented the maxed style of ductile and brittle fracture. After T6 heat treatment, the precipitation amounts of θ phase decreased dramatically and tensile strength and hardness significantly increased. Especially when addition contents were among 0.1-0.3 wt.%, tensile strength and hardness of heat-treated alloy increased greatly, almost doubled as that of the as-cast state. The tensile strength reached its maximum of 378.43 MPa when the addition amount was 0.3 wt.%. With the further increase of addition amounts, the elongation deteriorated and the proportion of ductile fracture reduced due to the limited dispersion strengthening effect of θ phase and Al_8Cu_4 Er. It demonstrated that addition of 0.1-0.3 wt.% Y, Zr and Er would generate positive effects and influences on Al-5 Cu-0.4 Mn alloy, which is significant for optimizing components and improving properties of Al-5 Cu-0.4 Mn alloy.