气体压强对DLC薄膜微观结构及性能的影响

利用等离子体浸没离子注入与沉积设备,在7A04铝合金表面制备类金刚石薄膜,使其表面有较高的硬度和良好的耐磨损性能。分别采用拉曼光谱仪、显微硬度计、纳米划痕仪和摩擦磨损试验机对样品的微观结构、显微硬度、膜基结合力和摩擦磨损性能进行测试。研究了气体压强对薄膜微观结构、显微硬度及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明:在气压为0.2Pa下制备的薄膜与基体结合力达到了26mN,具有良好的耐磨损性能;随着气压的升高,薄膜厚度增加,膜基结合力与耐磨损性能下降。     

含氢掺硅类金刚石薄膜的制备及性能表征

采用磁控溅射和离子源复合沉积技术,在Si片、模具钢和硬质合金上制备了均匀致密的含氢掺硅类金刚石薄膜.先用正交法优化含氢类金刚石薄膜的制备工艺,然后通过控制中频碳化硅靶的功率密度向含氢类金刚石膜层中成功掺人Si元素.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、硬度计、划痕仪和摩擦磨损试验机等手段测试和研究了膜层的形貌、成分、sp3和sp2含量及其性能.结果表明:优化后含氢类金刚石薄膜的制备工艺为:30 mL/min甲烷流量,100 V偏压,0.8A离子源电流;所制备的含氢掺硅类金刚石薄膜是非晶结构,膜厚2.20 μm,膜、基结合力为30 N,膜层硬度达到2039 HV.含氢掺硅类金刚石薄膜的摩擦因数受环境湿度变化很小,可应用于精密传动部件提高其使用精度.     

微喷砂预处理对硬质合金上沉积类金刚石薄膜结构和性能的影响

使用45μm白刚玉对YG6硬质合金样品进行微喷砂预处理后,利用阳极层流型气体离子源和非平衡磁控溅射复合技术制备梯度过渡类金刚石薄膜。研究表明:优化的微喷砂预处理工艺能显著提高膜/基结合力,降低膜层的摩擦因数。文中通过对优化微喷砂预处理前后表面接触角成分和硬度的测试,以及制备出膜层的物相和微观结构的分析,进一步探讨了优化微喷砂预处理对类金刚石薄膜性能的影响。     

PVD涂层技术制备类金刚石薄膜及性能研究综述

介绍了采用物理气相沉积(PVD)技术制备类金刚石涂层的方法,进而论述了涂层的摩擦磨损和结合力等性能的研究现状和发展前景。分析并综述了类金刚石涂层的技术发展,以及制备类金刚石薄膜的方法和影响其性能的多种要素。表面涂有类金刚石薄膜的工件具有较高的硬度、良好的热传导率、极低的摩擦系数、优异的电绝缘性能等。类金刚石薄膜(DLC Films)是近年来兴起的一种以sp3和sp2键的形式结合生成的亚稳态材料,因其优异的减摩和抗磨性能,在摩擦学领域获得了广泛应用,是一种与金刚石涂层性能相似的新型薄膜材料。DLC涂层的性能研究大多集中在它的摩擦学特性和结合力性能,并且作为优质的涂层材料已被广泛应用于汽车、模具、刀具等领域。     

GLC/成分梯度CNx多层膜的微观结构和摩擦学性能

类金刚石碳膜通常内应力大、结合力低,而多层膜结构可提高结合力。 采用磁控溅射技术在 Si 基体上沉积不同 CNx 层厚度的 GLC/ 成分梯度 CNx 纳米多层膜。 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X 射线衍射仪(XRD)、X 射线光电子能谱(XPS)、Raman 光谱仪、球盘式摩擦仪、纳米压痕仪等对多层膜的表面形貌、微观结构、力学以及摩擦性能进行分析。 结果表明:多层膜表面平整光滑,CNx 层厚度为 50 nm 的多层膜有明显的层状结构。 多层膜中存在石墨相而 CNx 以微晶或非晶存在。 薄膜的 sp3 键含量、结合力、硬度等均随 CNx 层厚度的增加先增加后减小。 CNx 层厚度对多层膜的大气环境摩擦因数影响很小,但显著降低其真空环境摩擦因数。 多层膜的硬度为( 15 ~ 17. 6) GPa,大气中的磨损率为 (1. 03~ 2. 33)×10^-16 m³N^-1m^-1 ,真空中为(2. 06~ 3. 34)×10^-16 m³N^-1m^-1 。 CNx 层厚度为 20 nm 的多层膜综合性能最佳。     

微喷砂预处理对硬质合金上沉积类金刚石薄膜结合力的影响

针对镀前不能使用高能离子轰击清洗的硬质合金工件,采用正交法设计微喷砂工艺,用320目白刚玉对YG6硬质合金样品进行微喷砂预处理后,利用阳极层流型气体离子源和非平衡磁控溅射复合技术制备梯度过渡类金刚石薄膜.结果表明:类金刚石薄膜厚度为2.7 μm,平均显微硬度高达2 677 HV_(0.025,15),平均摩擦因数低至0.105;未预处理的硬质合金样品的膜/基结合力为30 N,而微喷砂预处理后的样品,其膜/基结合力显著提高,最高可达55.7 N;微喷砂各个因素对膜/基结合力的影响程度不同,其中喷砂压力是主要影响因素,喷砂距离和喷砂时间影响较小;优化后的微喷砂预处理工艺参数是:喷砂压力:0.10 MPa;喷砂距离:75 mm;喷砂时间:120 s.     

Ti6Al4V合金表面类金刚石多层膜的耐蚀及摩擦磨损性能

采用磁过滤直流阴极真空弧源沉积技术在Ti6Al4V合金表面制备类金刚石多层膜,采用原子力显微镜和纳米压痕仪观测其表面形貌及硬度;采用微磨粒磨损试验机及三电极电化学测试系统考察类金刚石多层膜在模拟体液环境中的摩擦学和耐蚀性能,并与Ti6Al4V合金进行对比。结果表明：类金刚石多层膜由致密分布的纳米颗粒组成,表面粗糙度为4.86 nm,硬度和弹性模量分别为54.82和342.27 GPa;在模拟体液中类金刚石膜显著提高了Ti6Al4V合金的抗磨能力和减摩性能,其磨损率仅为Ti6Al4V合金磨损率的11.7%~22.6%。随着载荷增加,Ti6Al4V合金和类金刚石膜的腐蚀电位降低,腐蚀电流增加;类金刚石多层膜可有效提高Ti6Al4V合金的耐蚀能力。     

硬质合金刀具类金刚石涂层及其性能评价

利用磁控溅射技术在硬质合金刀具表面制备了含纯金属过渡层的类金刚石涂层。采用光学轮廓仪、SEM、EDS、拉曼光谱、显微硬度计和多功能表面性能测试仪对制得的涂层进行了成分和性能等表征。结果表明,在类金刚石涂层和基体之间成功沉积了过渡层,过渡层对样品的性能影响程度不同。通过拉曼光谱分析表明过渡层的金属种类对样品涂层的sp~3键含量影响不大,过渡层元素为Cu和Ag的样品涂层中sp~3键含量略高。通过硬度测试表明涂层的硬度受到的影响也较小,其中过渡层元素为Ti和W的样品硬度较高。通过膜/基结合力测试表明过渡层的金属种类对该项性能影响较大,其中过渡层元素为W的样品表现最好。综合各项表征可以看出,过渡层更多地影响涂层与基体之间的关系,而对涂层本身的性能影响并不大。     

DLC膜涂层硬质合金刀具的研究进展

类金刚石(DLC)膜涂层刀具的硬度高、摩擦系数低、耐摩擦和耐腐蚀性能强、抗粘结性能好,并且可以用来制作复杂、异型刀具,是未来刀具的一个重要发展方向。本文介绍了DLC膜的表面显微结构和Raman光谱并列举了DLC的制备方法 (包括磁控溅射、离子束沉积、脉冲激光沉积、真空阴极电弧沉积、等离子体增强型化学气相沉积)与分类。从酸蚀法、施加过渡层、表面微喷砂处理和掺杂4个方面分析如何提高膜基结合力,探讨了DLC膜的摩擦性能受湿度、温度和加工条件的影响。例举了几个国内外DLC涂层硬质合金刀具的使用范例,指出了目前研究工作的不足之处,提出了下一步研究工作的重点是优化DLC膜的制备工艺、提高膜基结合力和热稳定性以及加强DLC涂层硬质合金刀具的磨损机理研究。     

硬质合金气态渗硼预处理及其对金刚石薄膜附着性能的影响

目的保持硬质合金预处理后基体的强度和表面光洁度,并且提升沉积的金刚石薄膜的膜基结合力。方法使用真空管式炉设备对硬质合金进行真空热处理气态渗硼,然后使用热丝化学气相沉积系统(HFCVD)沉积金刚石薄膜。之后采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、拉曼光谱仪、表面轮廓仪和洛氏压痕测试仪等对样品的结构、形貌和膜基结合性能进行了分析。结果使用真空热处理气态渗硼法可以在较短时间内完成硬质合金的硼化处理,得到以Co WB相为主的渗硼层,并且具有高温稳定性,表面硬度较未硼化处理的样品提高了15%～20%,最高硬度达到2445HV。相较于酸碱刻蚀二步法预处理,渗硼处理更加有效地改善了膜基结合力,当渗硼温度在1000℃时,可以更加有效抑制基体中的Co颗粒向外扩散,制备的金刚石薄膜质量最优,薄膜和基体的结合性能也更加优异。结论采用真空管式炉进行的热处理气态渗硼预处理法可以简单高效地实现对硬质合金的硼化处理,重复性好,并且可大批量处理,处理后沉积的金刚石薄膜有良好的膜基结合力。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.