新型Ni-Cu-P／MoS2固体润滑镀层优化试验研究

本文研制出一种新型Ni-Cu-P／MoS2电刷镀固体润滑复合镀层．对影响镀层耐磨性的因素进行了正交设计：包括镀液中铜盐、次亚磷酸盐、二硫化铝及刷镀电压。对得到的九种镀层，进行了摩擦磨损实验．测量其磨损量及摩擦系数，最终优化出最佳的Ni-Cu-P／MoS2镀层及相应的镀液．车文还对镀层的相结构、成份及显微硬度进行了测试．讨论了它们对镀层耐密性的影响．结果表明镀层中一定量的铜及亚稳间隙相对改善镀层的耐磨性及减摩性具有重要作用．     

Ni-Cu-P／MoS2固体润滑刷镀层的相及织构分析

Ni—Cu—P／MOS2固体润滑复合刷镀层具有良好的耐磨减摩性能，为探明其摩擦学性能良好的原因，本文对该镀层的相结构及其织构现象进行了X光衍射分析。结果表明镀层镀态时有亚稳间隙相析出，且MOS2呈现(001)面织构．这些均有利于Ni—Cu—P／MoS2镀层的摩擦学性能。     

Ni-Cu-P/MoS_2固体润滑刷镀层的相及织构分析

Ni－Cu－P／MoS2团体润滑复合刷镀层具有良好的耐磨减摩性能，为探明其摩擦学性能良好的原因。本又对该镀层的相结构及其织构现象进行了X光衍射分析。结果表明镀层镀态时有亚稳间隙相拆出，且MoS2呈现（001）面织构，这些均有利于Ni-Cu－P／MoS2镀层的摩擦学性能。     

MoS_2含量对Cu-MoS_2复合镀层性能的影响

采用复合电沉积技术在Q235钢基体表面制备了Cu-MoS2复合镀层,对镀层的截面形貌和组织结构进行了观察,并考察了镀液中MoS2颗粒含量对复合镀层耐磨减摩性能和耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,MoS2颗粒均匀分布在Cu基金属中,镀层与基体结合良好,无空隙和裂纹等缺陷,镀态下镀层为晶态结构;当镀液中MoS2颗粒含量为25g/L时,镀层的减磨耐磨性达到最佳;镀层的耐蚀性,随着MoS2颗粒含量的增加逐渐升高并趋于稳定。     

AZ91D合金Ni-Ce-P化学镀层耐磨性的研究

在AZ91D化学镀镍的镀液中添加CeO2微粒，获得Ni-Ce-P化学镀层，并对其组成和耐磨性进行了研究。实验结果表明，CeO2的添加量为0．06-0．1g／L时，在AZ91D合金表面获得了均匀致密的Ni-Ce-P镀层：热处理后镀层中形成了Mg17Ce2、Ni3P、Ce2Ni7新相，耐磨性提高25．78倍。     

稀土Ce对Ni-Cu-P／MoS2电刷镀层摩擦学特性的影响

MoS2以其良好的固体润滑性能广泛地得到应用，但是MoS2在大气尤其是潮湿大气中保存时，易受到氧化而使性能变坏。通过对Ni—Cu—P／MoS2电刷镀层的研究，探讨了稀土元素对提高MoS2抗潮湿大气腐蚀的可能性．利用SEM、XPS、AES等现代分析设备对镀层进行了分析、试验，发现未加稀土的镀层中MoS2极易受到氧化，在镀层中添加稀土能明显提高MoS2的抗氧化性能。     

摩擦电喷镀Ni–Co–MoS2复合镀层结构与摩擦学性能

采用摩擦电喷镀技术制备Ni–Co–MoS2 复合镀层,系统试验研究了复合镀层结构与摩擦学性能.结果表明,含MoS2微粒的复合镀层与基体结合良好,基质金属密实,无明显裂纹,MoS2微粒均匀地分散在镀层中,MoS2微粒的加入,可有效改善镀层的耐磨性.     

化学复合沉积镍磷—碳纤维的性能研究

研究了镀液纤维浓度对镀层纤维含量的影响规律 ,探讨了碳纤维提高Ni P合金复合镀层的硬度和耐磨性的机理。结果表明 ,镀层碳纤维含量随镀液碳纤维浓度的增加先提高后降低 ,当镀液中碳纤维含量为 6 g/L时 ,镀层中碳纤维含量达到最高值(2 4 1% ,体积分数 )。碳纤维的加入使镀层硬度和耐磨性显著提高 ,镀态下和经 40 0℃× 1h时效处理后的镀层硬度分别为6 34HV和 1319HV ,比同一状态下Ni P镀层的硬度分别高 35 %和 6 1% ;5 0 0℃× 1h时效后的耐磨性是Ni P镀层的 6倍 ,是38CrMoAl钢氮碳共渗层的 7倍     

化学镀Ni-Cu-P合金工艺研究

通过实验数据及图表论述了化学镀 Ni- Cu- P的工艺条件 ,探讨了镀液的主要组成成分、镀液的 p H值、施镀时间对镀层中 Ni、Cu、P质量百分含量、镀层的沉积速度的影响 ,总结随工艺参数变化镀层成分变化的趋势及规律     

微米金刚石在化学复合镀中的合成与性能

在磨料磨具行业中，超硬材料金刚石的应用一直是行业研究、关注的问题。本文结合化学复合镀，扩展金刚石的应用，将微米金刚石与Ni—P镀液化学复合，探讨了复合镀层的沉积机理，以及微米金刚石对复合镀层硬度和耐磨性的影响。结果表明：加入的金刚石颗粒均匀地分布于Ni—P基体中，可以使镀层晶粒细化，起弥散强化作用，从而极大提高复合镀层的耐磨性，但对硬度的影响较小。改变金刚石的加入量对镀速的影响很小；随镀液金刚石加入量的增加，镀层金刚石含量先是迅速增加，以后增加趋势越来越缓慢，达到顶点后开始下降；镀层对金刚石微粒的俘获能力是有限的，颗粒的吸附主要是依靠机械力的作用。     

Influence of Ultrasound on the Properties of Electroless Plated Nickel

Ultrasonic agitation during electroless plating nickel affects the structure and properties of the deposits. In this work, a complete study was made of the action of ultrasound on the plating rate, micro-hardness, phosphorus content and corrosion properties of electroless plated deposits. It was found that in the presence of the ultrasound, the plating rate and micro-hardness of as-deposited were increased by about 30 and 10 percent respectively, whilst the phosphorus content was decreased from 10.49 to 8.39 at%. The changes in these parameters, in turn, affect the corrosion behaviour of the electroless deposits. The deposit formed with ultrasound exhibited active corrosion characteristics, whilst the deposit formed without ultrasound had a passive behaviour in 0.2 M H²SO⁴ solution.     

The Effect of Brush Plating on the Structure and Wear Properties of Electrodeposits

In this work, the structure and wear properties of brush plated electrodeposits were investigated. An additive free sulphamate solution was used for plating with different methods of solution supply as well as conventional bath plating, and the structures were investigated by TEM and X-ray diffraction.

The structure of the nickel sulphamate deposit obtained by brush plating with pumped solution supply was found to resemble that of bath plated deposits. When solution supply was realised by dipping of the anode, the coatings had a more fine grained structure and higher hardness.

Ball-on-ring tests were carried out on samples brush plated with different nickel and cobalt alloy coatings. A comparison was made with specimens bath plated with hard chromium. The cobalt and chromium deposits gave similar results, while nickel coatings were found to be less wear resistant.     

Effect of the microstructure on the properties of Ni-P deposits on heat transfer surface

In the present work Ni-P deposits with various microstructures were prepared on the low carbon steel substrate by adjusting the electroless plating processing parameters. The results of anti-fouling experiments show that Ni-P deposits can greatly inhibit the adhesion of crystallization fouling in comparison with uncoated copper, stainless steel and carbon steel surfaces. The further experiments indicated that the amount of nanocrystalline phase in the Ni-P deposit affects the surface free energy, as well as changing the anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant properties of the deposit. When the phase structure of the Ni-P deposit is almost amorphous phase, the Ni-P deposit exhibits the best anti-fouling and corrosion-resistant properties. The amorphous Ni-P deposit exhibits high corrosion resistance which is attributed to its extreme structure homogeneity without preferential corrosion paths like grain boundaries or other structural defects, and the higher corrosion resistance could ensure this deposit is not easy to form “transitional interface” connecting fouling and matrix.     

钨含量对Ni-W-P镀层抗垢性能的影响

采用化学镀的方法,调整化学镀工艺参数中钨酸钠的浓度,在低碳钢（1015）表面获得了钨含量不同的Ni-W-P镀层,分别采用扫面电镜、X射线衍射仪以及MH-6表面硬度计研究了钨含量对Ni-W-P镀层表面形貌、结构以及显微硬度的影响。结果表明,镀液浓度对于获得磷和钨含量起到决定性的作用,而磷和钨的含量决定了Ni-W-P镀层的表面形貌和结构。胞状晶的形成是Ni-W-P镀层的共同特征,镀层中钨含量的增加降低了磷的含量,因此改变了纳米晶相的含量。由于钨固溶于镍中诱使镀层产生固溶强化限制了镀层局部塑性变形,从而增加了镀层的硬度。采用差热分析研究相变行为的结果表明,高钨含量的Ni-W-P镀层表现为较高的晶化温度。进一步的污垢沉积试验表明,与低碳钢表面相比,含有不同钨含量的Ni-W-P镀层表面抑制了污垢的黏附。然而,进一步研究表明,污垢沉积速度和Ni-W-P镀层表面粗糙度之间没有必然的联系,与钨的含量有着直接的联系。     

Ni-α-Al2O3纳米复合电镀最佳工艺条件的确定

以镀层中分散相的含量作为评价标准,通过正交试验确定出了Ni-α-Al2O3纳米复合电镀的最佳工艺条件.讨论了各因素影响镀层中纳米粉体含量的规律,采用扫描电镜对镀层的微观形貌进行了观察,并对在最佳工艺条件下制得的纳米复合镀层的硬度与同操作条件下制得的基础镍镀层进行了比较.结果表明:对镀层中纳米粉体的含量影响较大的因素为镀液中分散相浓度和通气搅拌强度,但对镀层的微观形貌影响较大的因素为电流密度;纳米复合镀层的显微硬度明显高于基础镍镀层.     

活塞环表面织构化镀层的摩擦性能研究

目的以缸套/活塞环为试验对象,研究激光织构化与固体润滑镀层的协同减摩作用。方法采用脉冲激光在活塞环表面进行微孔化处理,利用电脉冲沉积法在微孔内制备具有不同MoS_2微粒浓度的Ni-MoS_2复合镀层,通过往复式摩擦试验研究织构化表面沉积固体润滑剂对活塞环-缸套的影响机制。结果镀液中MoS_2微粒浓度对镀层的硬度和摩擦学性能影响较大,相同电流密度下,电镀液中MoS_2微粒的质量浓度为5g/L时的镀层硬度最高,该浓度下Ni-MoS_2复合镀层在干摩擦下具有最佳的摩擦系数和最低的磨损率。织构化复合镀层可以显著改善接触面间的摩擦性能,相比未织构化摩擦配副,摩擦系数降低约0.2,磨损率下降50%。结论干摩擦条件下,表面织构可以有效地储存摩擦副之间的固体润滑剂和磨粒,在接触表面形成连续润滑膜,减少磨粒磨损。     

Preparation and Properties of Electroless Ni-Cu-B Alloy Deposits

Two series of Ni-Cu-B deposits were prepared by electroless plating. The effects of the [Cu²⁺]/[Ni²⁺] molar ratio and concentration of KBH₄ in solution on the deposition rate, surface appearance, structure, composition, hardness, corrosion resistance and wettability have been studied. The high-B content deposits are amorphous and their structural change with annealing at different temperature results in changes of hardness of the deposits. For low-B content deposits, structures range from Ni-rich solid solution to Cu-rich solid solution with increasing (Cu²⁺]/[Ni²⁺] molar ratio; an intermediate solid solution is obtained near 0.024 (Cu²⁺]/[Ni²⁺] molar ratio. The corrosion resistance of the deposits is much better in basic media than acid, and their wettability is worse than Ni-B deposit and silver or gold wire.     

不锈钢镀铬液有机添加剂新工艺

往常规镀铬溶液中加入有机添加剂,采用不同的电流密度、镀液温度、pH值和电镀时间进行镀铬,经过对镀层的形貌、厚度及结合力等性能进行比较取舍,获得了最佳镀液配方和工艺:CrO3250g/L,H2SO42.5g/L,Cr3 3g/L,甲醛8~10g/和丁二酸8~10g/L;在室温(20℃),镀液pH值为1.5,电流密度30A/dm2,电镀时间60min。该法既提高镀铬液的阴极电流效率又降低生产能耗,可获得光亮平滑、硬度高、结合力好的镀铬层。     

Electrochemical codeposition of PMMA particles with zinc

Zinc matrix composite coatings containing polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles were electrodeposited from an aqueous acidic (pH 2.0 and 4.0), lignosulfonate solution of zinc sulfate on low-carbon steel substrates, under galvanostatic, either constant or pulse current, plating conditions at current densities of 2 and 20 A dm⁻². The effect of particle inclusion on the deposit electrocrystallization was investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The observed dependence of the PMMA content of the deposits on bath pH and applied current density was illustrated in terms of the particle surface charge variation and their interaction with the growing metal phase. The corrosion resistance of the composite coatings was evaluated by Tafel analysis.