溅射Ni-5Cr-5Al纳米晶涂层抗高温氧化性能

研究了一种低Ｃｒ、低Ａｌ的Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ系合金Ｎｉ－５Ｃｒ－５Ａｌ（摩尔分数,％）溅射涂层的抗高温氧化性能。结果表明,虽然Ｎｉ－５Ｃｒ－５Ａｌ溅射涂层在１０００℃氧化２０００小时后外面表生成ＮｉＯ,ＮｉＡｌ２Ｏ４、Ａｌ２Ｏ等复杂氧化物,但表现出很高的抗高温氧化性能。进一步分析表明,这一方面与溅射纳米晶涂层上生成的外氧化物粘附性好有关,另一方面与在ＮｉＯ,ＮｉＡｌ２Ｏ４和涂层之间生成一导听α－Ａｋ     

NiAl微晶涂层对NiAl-TiC复合材料高温氧化性能的影响

研究了磁控溅射ＮｉＡｌ微晶涂层对ＮｉＡｌ－ＴｉＣ（２０％,体积分数）复合材料１０００－１１００℃高温氧化性能的影响。结果表明,ＮｉＡｌ微晶涂层大大提高了ＮｉＡｌ－ＴｉＣ复合材料的恒温及循环氧化性能,降低氧化速率几个数量级,对于ＮｉＡｌ－ＴｉＣ复合材料来说,其表面形成以ＴｉＯ２为主的复合氧化物,而施加ＮｉＡｌ微晶涂层后,其表面氧化物主要是Ａｌ２Ｏ３。     

钯改性铝化物涂层的工艺及组织

研究了用二氯二氨基钯为主盐电镀Ｐｄ及Ｐｄ－Ｎｉ合金的配合及工艺条件,再通过传统固渗铝方法制备高温合金Ｍ３８的防护涂层。研究了镀层状态、渗铝方式、渗铝活化剂、预扩散处理等工艺条件对钯改性铝化物涂层组织的影响,经ＸＲＤ,ＥＰＭＡ及金相观察,发现该涂层为固溶Ｎｉ的β－ＰｄＡｌ或固溶Ｐｄ的β－ＮｉＡｌ单相结构,随工艺改变,涂层中Ｐｄ,Ｎｉ含量不同。     

溅射Ni—Cr—Al—Ti涂层高温氧化过程中组织变化对生成TiO …

观察了溅射Ｎｉ－９．７Ｃｒ－５．５Ａｌ－７Ｔｉ（质量分数）纳米晶涂 高温氧化过程中的组织变化,探讨了溅射涂层表面氧化膜以及涂层预氧化９０ｍｉｎ后磨去生成的氧经膜再重新氧化生成氧化膜中ＴｉＯ２的生长,认为溅射涂经过程中Ｎｉ３（ＡｌＴｉ）相的析出与ＴｉＯ２的生成长大有着密切关系,对两种不同民政部下Ｎｉ３（ＡｌＴｉ）相对ＴｉＯ２生长的影响机制进行了分析。     

Pt—Al涂层的组织和性能

研究了Ｐｔ－Ａｌ涂层组织结构及其对Ｍ３８镍基高温合金性能的影响。Ｍ３８合金经过镀Ｐｔ渗Ａｌ后得到的Ｐｔ－Ａｌ涂层由连续的ＰｔＡｌ２相外层和ＮｉＡｌ相内层组成。Ｐｔ－Ａｌ涂层对Ｍ３８合金的高温持久寿命影响很小，但显著地提高了合金的抗温度氧化和抗热腐蚀性能。     

渗铝涂层对Ni3Al—Mo基合金高温氧化的防护作用及机理

采用高活度渗铝工艺在ＩＣ－６（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｍｏ基）合金表面获得内扩散型渗铝涂层，在氩气环境下对渗铝涂层进行扩散处理。利用光学显微镜、ＳＥＭ、ＥＰＭＡ、ＸＲＤ分析研究了涂层的成分及组织结构，测定表明，涂层中的钼以Ｍｏ３Ａｌ沉淀相的形式存在。等温氧化及循环氧化实验表明，渗铝涂层的抗高温氧化性能明显优于ＩＣ－６合金；保护性的Ａｌ２Ｏ３氧化膜阻止了钼的氧化物的形成，避免了ＩＣ－６合金在循环氧化中出现的Ｎｉ     

微晶化对Ni-5Cr-5Al合金氧化产物的影响

利用磁控溅射在Ｎｉ－５Ｃｒ－５Ａｌ（原子数,％）合金上制备与基体相同成分的微晶涂层,获得的涂层在１０００℃空气进行了氧化实验。结果表明,２００ｈ氧化后涂一成了分层结构的氧化膜：外层为ＮｉＯ和ＮｉＡ１２Ｏ４,内层为连续致密的α－Ａ１２Ｏ３。微晶化使得Ｎｉ－Ｃｒ－Ａｌ系三元合金表面生成一层连续Ａ１２Ｏ３所需的Ｃｒ、ＡＬ含量大大降低。     

两相NiAl—Fe金属间化合物的高温氧化行为研究

研究了ＮｉＡｌ、ＮｉＡｌ－２０Ｆｅ、ＮｉＡｌ－３０Ｆｅ金属间化合物在１０００℃￣１１００℃空气中的氧化行为。ＮｉＡｌ和ＮｉＡｌ－２０Ｆｅ显示较好的抗氧化性能,ＮｉＡｌ－３０Ｆｅ的抗氧化性能却很差。从合金相组成探讨了ＮｉＡｌ－Ｆｅ合金的氧化机制。     

渗铝涂层对Ni_3Al－Mo基合金高温氧化的防护作用及机理

采用高活度渗铝工艺在ＩＣ－６（Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｍｏ基）合金表面获得内扩散型渗铝涂层，在氮气环境下对渗铝涂层进行扩散处理．利用光学显微镜、ＳＥＭ、ＥＰＭＡ、ＸＲＤ分析研究了涂层的成分及组织结构，测定表明，涂层中的钼以Ｍｏ３Ａｌ沉淀相的形式存在．等温氧化及循环氧化实验表明，渗铝涂层的抗高温氧化性能明显优于ＩＣ－６合金；保护性的Ａｌ２Ｏ３氧化膜阻止了钼的氧化物的形成，避免了ＩＣ－６合金在循环氧化中出现的ＮｉＭｏＯ４相的多晶型转变，显著改变了合金的抗循环氧化能力；涂层经１０００℃、３００ｈ等温氧化及１０００℃、１００ｈ循环氧化后，未出现β－ＮｉＡｌ相的分解，可认为涂层具有较强的保护作用。     

溅射Ni-8Cr-3.5Al纳米晶涂层的抗高温氧化行为

对Ｎｉ－８Ｃｒ－３．５Ａｌ质量分数,％合金及其纳米晶涂层进行了１０００℃空气中高温氧化研究。结果表明：Ｎｉ－８Ｃｒ－３．５Ａｌ纳米晶涂层的抗高温氧化性能优于Ｎｉ－８Ｃｒ－３．５Ａｌ合金。这主要在于Ｎｉ－８Ｃｒ－３．５Ａｌ纳变涂层表面生成了具有分层结构含一连续α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３内层的氧化膜,而Ｎｉ－８Ｃｒ－３．５Ａｌ合金则生成了由Ｃｒ２Ｏ３内氧化物组成的氧化膜。讨论了涂层氧化膜的生成过程。     

Al_2O_3和Y_2O_3改性的低温渗铬涂层的循环氧化和热腐蚀性能

采用在Ni基上复合电镀Ni—Al_2_O3和Ni-Y_2_O3复合涂层后在800℃下扩散渗铬的方法,分别制备了Al_2O_3和Y_2_03改性渗铬涂层。采用相同的工艺在单Ni镀层上直接渗铬,获得一种不含氧化物粒子的渗铬涂层。分析了Al_2O_3和Y_2O_3影响渗铬涂层的氧化和腐蚀性能的机理。组织结构分析表明,Al_2O_3和Y_2O_3能明显抑制在渗铬过程中涂层品粒的长大。800℃循环和75％Na2SO4＋25％NaCl混合盐腐蚀试验结果表明：与在单Ni镀层上直接渗铬相比,A1203和Y_20_3改性的渗铬涂层所具有的细晶结构促进了保护性氧化物形成元素Cr沿晶界向氧化前沿的快速扩散,从而有利于致密保护性Cr_2O_3氧化膜的快速形成,使得改性的渗铬涂层表现出更优异的抗循环氧化和混合盐热腐蚀性能。     

K438铸造高温合金表面热浸镀铝涂层的抗氧化性能

针对K438镍基高温合金在高温条件下抗氧化性能不足的问题,采用热浸镀铝技术在其表面制备了铝化物涂层。经1000 ℃、1 h真空扩散退火处理后,对高温合金的热浸镀铝涂层开展了1000 ℃、250次的高温循环氧化试验,并采用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪等分析测试手段,对高温氧化后涂层截面组织进行了研究。结果表明,试验合金在1000 ℃、40次循环氧化后氧化增量曲线便开始下降,高温抗氧化性能较差,经1000 ℃、250次循环氧化后,形成了Al₂O₃、TiO₂、Cr₂O₃、NiO和尖晶石NiCr₂O₄、NiAl₂O₄等氧化产物。而热浸镀铝涂层经1000 ℃、40次循环氧化后,氧化增量变化较小,且经250次循环氧化后,氧化产物中未发现Cr₂O₃的存在,其高温抗氧化性能均较基体明显提高,其中热浸镀90 s的涂层高温抗氧化性能更好。     

共渗制备NiCrAlY涂层及抗高温腐蚀研究

采用热扩散的方法在高温合金K417G基体上制备了NiCrAlY涂层,经测定,涂层以β–NiAl相为主,Cr以固溶态和AlCr(x)相同时存在。1000和1100℃恒温氧化试验表明,NiCrAlY涂层显著提高了合金的抗氧化性,氧化膜致密稳定的Al2O3为主,300h后氧化膜没有明显的剥落。对基体合金和涂层试样进行了900℃,NaCl/Na2SO4(25:75)融盐环境的热腐蚀试验。结果表明,NiCrAlY涂层氧化膜完整,涂层内硫化物含量低,有效提高了抗热腐蚀性能。     

Effect of enamel coating on long-term oxidation and hot corrosion behavior of Ti-24Al-17Nb-0.5Mo alloys

The effect of enamel coating on long-term isothermal oxidation at 700 ℃ and cyclic oxidation at 800 ℃ in air and hot corrosion resistance of Ti-24Al-17Nb-0. 5Mo in 75% (Na2SO4 K2SO4 ) 25% NaCl (mass fraction) molten mixed salts at 700 ℃ was investigated. The results indicate that Ti-24Al-17Nb-0.5Mo alloy exhibits relatively poor long-term oxidation resistance due to the formation of Al2O3 TiO2 Nb2O5 mixed scales and poor hot corrosion resistance due to the spallation of scales formed in molten (Ns, K)2 SO4 NaCl. Enamel coating can effectively protect Ti-24Al-17Nb-0.5Mo alloy from long-term oxidation at high temperature in air and remarkably improve the hot corrosion resistance of Ti-24Al-17Nb-0. 5Mo alloy, and can act as the barrier to suppress the migration of oxygen and corrosive ions into the substrate.     

Hot Corrosion Behavior of a High Velocity Arc-Sprayed Fe-Cr-B-C Coating

A Fe-Cr-B-C coating was prepared by electric arc spraying process to prevent the boiler tubes from hot corrosion at elevated temperatures.A hot corrosion resistance test was conducted in a mixed molten salt of Na2SO4 and K2SO4(7:3)at 700 ℃for a total period of 156 h.The microstructure and phases of the coatings before and after exposed to the hot corrosion were investigated by scanning election microscopy(SEM),optical microscopy(OM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The hardness and porosity were analyzed.The hot corrosion behavior of the coatings was examined by the measurement of corrosion mass gain and the observation of corrosion morphology.The results show that some splats of particles are formed on flat substrate surfaces and the coatings have a dense typical layer structure of electric arc thermally spraying deposits.Some amorphous phase exist in the coating.The coatings have an excellent resistance to hot corrosion.The formation of oxides of chromium on the exposed surface may be contributing better resistance to hot corrosion.The corrosion of the coatings follows the oxidation and sulfidation mechanism.     

Failure mechanism of MCrAlY coating at the coating‐substrate interface under type I hot corrosion

MCrAlY coatings are widely used to provide protection of hot component in modern gas turbine engines against high‐temperature oxidation and hot corrosion. Coating‐substrate interface, where the substrate is only partially covered by the ?coatings, is vulnerable to the hot corrosion attack. The accelerated degradation at the coating‐substrate interface can cause fast spallation of the coating, leading to the early failure of the gas turbine components. In this paper, MCrAlY powder was deposited on IN792 disks by high‐velocity oxygen‐fuel spraying. The hot corrosion behavior of the coated sample was investigated using (0.8Na, 0.2K)₂SO ₄ salt deposition at 900°C in lab air. Results showed a minor attack in the coating center, however, an accelerated corrosion attack at the coating‐substrate interface. The fast growth of corrosion products from substrate caused large local volume expansions at the coating‐substrate interface, resulting in an early coating spallation.     

Internal surface protection of gas turbine blade by Si‐aluminide coating

A laboratory‐scale slurry silicoaluminizing process has been developed to apply coating into cooling passageways of a first‐stage gas turbine blade. Analytical techniques for characterizing the coatings comprised optical microscopy, SEM, EDS, and XRD. The results of metallographic examinations demonstrated that acceptable coatings had been formed in almost all of the passageways. The amounts of Al and Si in the topcoat were found to be in the ranges of 24–26 wt% and 4.5–6 wt%, respectively. The heat treated coating consisted largely of β‐NiAl phase as the coating matrix with uniform distribution of <2 µm‐size precipitates. In addition, oxidation and hot corrosion performance of the coatings were investigated by cyclic exposure to 1100 °C and the furnace method using a mixture of sodium sulfate‐40 wt% sodium vanadate‐10 wt% sodium chloride at 780 °C, respectively. It was found that the presence of Si in the coating improves both oxidation and hot corrosion Type II properties.     

An investigation on oxidation,hot corrosion and mechanical properties of plasma-sprayed conventional and nanostructured YSZ coatings

Conventional and nanostructured YSZ coatings were deposited on IN-738 Ni super alloy by atmospheric plasma spray technique. The oxidation was measured at 1100 °C and hot corrosion resistance of the coating was measured in a mixed salt of V₂O₅ and Na₂SO₄ at 1050 °C using an atmospheric electrical furnace. According to the experimental results, nanostructured coatings showed a better oxidation and hot corrosion resistance than conventional one. The improved oxidation resistance of the nanocoating could be explained by the change of structure to a dense and more packed structure in this coating. The improvement in hot corrosion resistance was not as good as the oxidation but much better than conventional coating. The thermo-mechanical properties of the coating were tested using thermal cycles, nanoindentation, and bond strength tests during which nanostructured YSZ coating again showed a better performance by structural stability.     

Microstructural investigation of PGM‐based alloy coatings for oxidation protection

It is well known that Pt addition significantly improves the resistance of aluminide coatings to high‐temperature oxidation and hot corrosion, which has led to the widespread application of Pt modified aluminide coatings on the superalloy components of advanced gas turbine engines. Other platinum group metals (PGMs) such as Ir and Ru attract researchers for high temperature applications. In this study, oxidation properties of Pt‐Ir and Pt‐Ru based alloy coatings were investigated. Pt, Ru, and Ir were electroplated on a directionally solidified Ni‐base superalloy DZ125. The cyclic oxidation test revealed that both Pt‐Ir and Pt‐Ru alloys exhibited good oxidation performance. The effect of substrate alloy and coating compositions on microstructural changes during cyclic oxidation tests were discussed.     

An evaluation study of aluminide and chromoaluminide coatings on IN-100

Aluminide diffusion coatings are commonly used to protect aircraft gas turbine blades and vanes from oxidation and hot-corrosion attack. These coatings are based on NiAl intermetallic compound with other alloying elements like Cr and Ti either diffused from the superalloy substrate or incorporated in a separate coating step. The present investigation is mainly concerned with the development of both aluminide and chromoaluminide coatings on IN-100, a cast Ni-base superalloy. The coating structure and composition have been characterized and the cyclic oxidation and hot corrosion properties have been evaluated for the different types of coatings. The difference in the hot-corrosion properties between the aluminide and the chromoaluminide coatings has been rationalized in terms of the coating chemistry. The mode of coating degradation under hot-corrosion conditions has also been analyzed.