低合金Cr-Mo-V钢中VC沉淀相的精细结构

采用透镜电子显微分析（ＴＥＭ）的高分辨透射电子显微分析（ＨＲＥＭ）技术研究了低合金Ｃｒ－Ｍｏ－Ｖ铜不同回火温度下ＶＣ深淀相质点和精细结构及其与基体和界面关系,结果表明：较低温度回火时,ＶＣ沉淀相系以｛１００｝ａ为惯习面的纳米尺度的薄片,与基体存在Ｂａｋｅｒ－Ｎｕｔｔｉｎｇ关系,随着回火温度升高,片状相聚集成碳化物团或者发生球化,与基化丧失共格或部分共格,。     

添加镧对W—Mo—Ni—Fe重合金的影响

为改善W－Mo-Ni-Fe重合金机械性能，本文研究了添加稀土元素La对重合金及其作用机理的影响。结果表明添加适量的La可明显改善这种合金的机械性能。扫描电子显微术、透射电子显微术、X光衍射图和俄歇电子光谱法试验结果机械性能的改善主要是由于形成稳定的LaMnO3和少量Mn3O4，改变了杂质元素氧存在形式和分布状态，减少了氧界面偏析，从而增强W－基体界面的粘结强度。因此，合金的机械性能得到改善。     

快速凝固Al－8．32Fe－3．4Ce合金中弥散合金相的TEM测定

用常规电子显微术及ＥＤＡＸ能谱分析方法，对压制的快速凝固Ａｌ－８．３２Ｆｅ－３．４Ｃｅ合金热暴露过程中存在的弥散合金相进行了测定，确定出一种新相属于三角晶系，点阵常数为ａ＝１．ｎｍ，ｃ＝０．７ｎｍ（用六角点阵表示），ＥＤＡＸ能谱定量分析表明此相相组成约为Ａｌ_８Ｃｅ。     

用X射线能谱研究金基六元合金

利用Ｘ射线能谱（ＥＤＳ）和透射电子显微术（ＴＥＭ）等手段研究了Ａｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｉｎ－Ｚｒ合金的显微组织。研究结果表明，合金主要由Ａｕ基固溶体和Ｎｉ基固溶体组成。此外还有两种第二相粒子，一种粒子（命名为η相）含Ｃｒ量为９０ａｔ％，属简单正交结构，ａ＝０．４４８ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．４０ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．２１ｎｍ；另一种粒子为具有ｆｃｃ结构的化合物（Ｎｉ，Ａｕ）＿５Ｚｒ，ａ＝０．６８２ｎｍ。     

V元素对2519铝合金组织与力学性能的影响

通过维式显微硬度测试、室温拉伸测试、能谱分析(EDS)、扫描电子显微分析(SEM)及高角度环形暗场像-扫描透射电子显微术(HAADF-STEM)等方法研究了V元素对2519铝合金组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加1.0%的V之后,合金的时效峰值延后,峰值硬度与峰值强度均降低;合金中形成了由Al、V和Ti等组成的粗大相,它们容易破裂形成裂纹源,导致合金强度降低;HAADF-STEM研究发现晶粒内存在由Al、V、和Cu等组成的纳米析出相,大量占用了强化相θ'相所需的Cu原子,是导致强度降低的另一原因;另外,拉伸过程中较大的变形量及不均匀变形导致合金表面出现了橘皮现象。     

两种易切削Al-Cu合金的组织与性能

采用力学性能测试、扫描电子显微分析、透射电子显微分析和切削性能试验，研究了固溶-冷拉处理的含铅2011合金与Sn、Bi微合金化的新型无铅易切削Al-Cu合金棒材的组织和性能。结果表明：Sn、Bi微合金化的无铅易切削Al-Cu合金的力学性能比传统2011合金的略好；Sn能加快Al-Cu合金的人工时效，细化CuAl2相；与含铅2011合金相比，无铅易切削Al-Cu合金中低熔点相的尺寸分布更均匀，经切削加工后，切屑尺寸更细，表面光洁度更高，具有更好的切削性能。     

NiTi40合金微观组织结构的电子显微学分析

采用扫描电子显微分析(SEM)、电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)、透射电子显微分析(TEM)、高分辨电子显微分析(HRTEM)、高角度环形暗场-扫描透射(HAADF-STEM)等技术手段,对NiTi40(60%Ni+40%Ti,质量分数)合金淬火态样品的微观组织结构进行分析。结果表明:NiTi40合金在950℃、150 min固溶水冷和1050℃、150 min固溶水冷的硬度值相近,为60~61 HRC,但微观组织结构有显著的区别。经950℃固溶水冷后,合金中的粗大第二相主要为NiTi2和Ni3Ti相,还有少量和NiTi2相互伴生的TiC相;经1050℃固溶水冷后,合金中的Ni3Ti相接近完全回溶的,粗大第二相主要为相互伴生的NiTi2及Ti C相。随着固溶温度的升高,合金的晶粒尺寸明显增大,合金晶界处的小晶粒在1050℃固溶时基本消失。经950℃固溶处理,晶内析出相主要为10~20 nm的Ni4Ti3相;经1050℃固溶处理,晶内析出相主要为几十至几百纳米的Ni4Ti3相。     

静态退火对Mg-Gd-Y-Zr挤压合金的微结构与织构影响

本文研究了Mg-9Gd-4Y-0.6Zr挤压合金在静态退火过程中的微结构与织构的演变。采用金相显微术、扫描电子显微术、透射电子电子显微术、差热分析仪、XRD织构测试仪及EBSD分析技术表征了合金的晶粒长大、析出相沉淀及织构改变。结果表明,退火初期的晶粒尺寸下降是由再结晶引起的;晶间不均匀变形诱发了晶间的局部析出,继而抑制了再结晶过程。织构分析表明,热挤压产生了常见的基面纤维织构和不常见的柱面纤维织构,即c轴平行于挤压方向;在静态再结晶过程中,新晶粒形核会弱化柱面纤维,而晶粒长大过程会强化柱面纤维。晶界与亚晶界上的大量析出相抑制了织构改变。     

机械合金化法制备Fe—Ni—P—B磁性非晶合金的研究

用机械合金化法研究制备Ｆｅ－Ｎｉ－Ｐ－Ｂ系磁性非晶材料,用Ｘ射线衍射仪,扫描电子显微术和透射电子显微术对不同球磨工艺处理的Ｆｅ４０Ｎｉ４０Ｐ１４Ｂ６成分的粉末进行了分析,结果表明,成分为Ｆｅ４０Ｎｉ４０Ｐ１４Ｂ６的粉末,可通过机械合金化使其非晶化。     

喷射沉积Ni3Al—Mo合金的显微组织

利用电子显微术分子喷射沉积Ｎｉ３Ａｌ－Ｍｏ合金的显微组织。结果表明：合金具有细小的晶粒组织，局部区域有显微疏松，基体合金的主要组成相为γ’和γ；在γ相内存在Ｎｉ２Ｍｏ，Ｎｉ３Ｍｏ及一种富Ｎｉ新相。该新相具有同心立方结构，晶格常数α＝１．０９ｎｍ，空间群为Ｆｍ３ｍ。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis