板料成形中的新型可控压边力技术研究

板料成形中,压边力是控制板料流动的重要因素。前人大量的研究表明,在拉伸成形的不同行程施加合适的变压边力(VBHF),可有效避免板料成形中起皱和破裂的缺陷。文章基于压边力成形窗口的定义和分析,提出新的控制目标,并采用PID闭环控制策略来优化不同冲压行程中分块压边圈上的压边力。针对一个具有不同角部半径的盒型件进行了闭环的变压边力优化模拟,得到其不同位置的分块压边圈随行程变化的最优压边力曲线,并在变压边力压机上进行实验验证,结果表明,使用铝合金板料并在恒定压边力下难以成形的盒形件,在最优变压边力下成功成形。     

数值模拟波动压边力对拉深件成形质量的影响

钣金成形拉深工艺中,压边力的数值大小和方向是一个重要的工艺参数,在拉深过程中,对压边力大小和方向的控制,往往决定了拉深件的成形质量。然而,现有对变压边力的研究较多集中于线性且稳定的加载。从压边力波动变化的角度分析波动压边力对拉深件成形质量的影响,并考虑不同波形对这一影响有何变化,提出了一种更为有效的提高拉深件成形质量的方法。     

压边圈结构对改善拉延性能的影响

本文总结了影响板料成形性能的因素并指出相应改善方法 ,重点研究了压边圈形变对板料成形性能的影响 ,并指出考虑BH形变的BHF控制是压边力控制研究的方向。     

板料成形有限元模拟的压边力控制方法研究

采用新的研究方法模拟水槽拉伸的实际压边过程。压边力采用不同的压边间隙和施加不同的分离力来实现。通过一个系统的研究方案来确定一个优化的压边力和压边间隙。研究发现 ,板料的法兰区域随着压边间隙的增加起皱变形严重 ,由于起皱引起的板料刚度上升导致压边力迅速上升。采用分离力时的模拟厚度比压边间隙小是由于法兰区域的变压边力。通过厚度和法兰边缘实验和模拟结果的比较 ,发现采用压边间隙可以更好地模拟板料成形的压边过程     

变压边力对矩形件成形性能的影响

起皱和断裂是板料成形过程的主要失效模式 ,合理控制成形过程中压边力 ,可以消除这些缺陷 ,提高成形性能。本文通过对随位置变化的变压边力作用下的矩形盒拉深过程进行数值模拟 ,研究各部位压边力变化对整体成形性能影响、及其影响范围 ,为分块压边圈的压边力的调整提供一定的依据。     

A theoretical,numerical, and experimental investigation of plastic wrinkling of circular two-layer sheet metal in the deep drawing

In this paper, the wrinkling of two-layer (aluminum-stainless steel) sheets in the deep drawing process, is investigated through an analytical method, numerical simulations, and experiments. In a deep drawing process, wrinkling can always be eliminated with an increase in the blank holder force (BHF). Thus, the aim of this study is to obtain the minimum required BHF to prevent wrinkling. In the analytical model, energy method is used to predict the wrinkling. Also, FE simulations were performed to study the effect of forming parameters on wrinkling. Experiments have been conducted to verify the analytical model and FE simulations. The effects of parameters such as the material properties of aluminum layer and lay-up on BHF and forming force are investigated. Results demonstrate that the optimum BHF is dependent on the blank geometry, material properties and lay-up. It is shown that BHF is greater when aluminum is in contact with the punch. Results show a good agreement between analytical, FE, and experimental results.     

基于板料冲压的压边力拉深成形数值模拟分析

压边力是板料拉延成形过程的重要工艺参数之一,合理控制压边力的大小,可避免成形件起皱或破裂等缺陷.建立了三角冲压件的有限元模型,利用DYNAFORM软件,采用数值模拟的方法研究了三角形冲压件拉深时,压边力随时间及位置变化对成形性能的影响.分析结果表明,通过控制拉深过程压边力值的大小和分布,能有效地控制金属的流动,提高板材的成形性能.     

变压边力下高强度钢板的回弹研究

回弹是影响板料成形精度的缺陷之一,特别是对高强度钢板控制回弹是板料成形中研究的重要课题。通过对高强度钢板的回弹仿真,证明合适的变压边力能够减小成形后的回弹,并通过实验验证了这一结论的正确性。     

矩盒形件分区压边拉深工艺

以矩盒形件为研究对象,对凸缘部分按几何特征予以分区,并在eta/DYNAFORM 5.6和MSC.Marc/Mentat软件中对其分区压边拉深成形过程进行有限元仿真,分析各区域压边力对零件成形性能的影响,给出了矩盒形件的确定分区压边力大小的原则;结合矩盒形件拉深时的变形特点和材料流动情况,在相关文献研究的基础上,对分区方式进行优化,提出了结合变形特点的分区方式;在YT32-315C四柱液压机和自主研制的分区拉深装置上,对矩盒形件进行分区压边拉深的实验,实验结果和有限元仿真结果基本相符。矩盒形件的分区方式应按几何特征与变形特点划分。     

Adaptive FEM simulation for prediction of variable blank holder force in conical cup drawing

Fracture and wrinkling are two primary failure modes in deep drawing of sheet metal parts. Previous studies showed that properly selected variable blank holder force (BHF) profile, i.e. variation of BHF with punch stroke, can eliminate these failures to draw deeper parts. In this study, an adaptive simulation strategy was developed to adjust the magnitude of the BHF continuously during the simulation process. Thus, a BHF profile is predicted in a single process simulation run and the computation time is reduced. The proposed strategy has been applied successfully to two conical cup drawing operations. The predictions have been compared with experiments and the results indicate that the adaptive simulation strategy can also be used to improve the drawing process for forming non-symmetric parts.     

压边力优化控制方法的研究现状及发展趋势

在板材成形中,起皱和拉裂是主要缺陷,而压边力是控制板材成形的重要工艺参数。综述了国内外变压边力控制技术的研究现状,重点介绍了压边力的优化控制方法。并讨论了变压边力理论发展趋势。     

直壁矩形盒渐进成形技术

介绍了金属板料数控渐进成形的原理、板料变形过程及直壁矩形盒成形的工艺规划。根据正弦定律,直壁矩形盒采用数控渐进成形工艺不能一次成形。经设计平行线形工具路径方法,并进行试验和分析,得出影响直壁矩形盒成形的主要参数是成形半锥角。     

变压边力对铝合金板冲压成形的影响研究

通过数值模拟和实验,研究了变压边力对铝合金板成形过程中应变路径的变化规律,基于MK法研究应变路径的变化对铝合金板成形极限(FLC)的影响,通过比较不同随时间变化的压边力对铝合金成形极限的影响,揭示变压边力改善铝合金板冲压成形性能的机理。实验和数值模拟结果表明,变压边力改善铝合金板成形性能的主要原因是变压边力对应变路径的影响,对杯形拉深来说,渐增型随时间变化的变压边力可以改善铝合金板的成形性能。     

钣金成形中润滑剂润滑效果试验研究

钣金成形中润滑状况是影响成形的一个重要因素,成形过程中局部润滑状况的改善可以提高成形性。通过杯形件拉深试验,在需要润滑的局部涂抹润滑剂,采用3种不同的成形性评价方法研究润滑剂的润滑效果。对试验中使用的4种润滑剂进行了润滑效果研究,结果表明,4种润滑剂的润滑效果(由好到差的顺序)为,聚四氟乙烯薄膜,肥皂,猪油,鸡油。     

Design and analysis of new test method for evaluation of sheet metal formability

A new test method including the tool shape and test procedure was developed to evaluate sheet metal formability using the finite element method (FEM). This method is intended to generate the various modes of deformation and to control the onset of failure independently under each mode so that the forming limit diagram (FLD) achieves a good representation of a wide range of strains.A blank holder force-punch stroke diagram with three failure loci is introduced to define the optimum process condition and the formability index by which each material is quantitatively evaluated. The test procedure of this method consists of three steps: drawing a blank holder force (BHF)-punch stroke diagram, measuring strains from the part stamped at the optimum process condition, and grading the test materials using the formability index. In numerical simulations under optimum process conditions, sheet metals can fail due to multi-mode rupture; this failure leads to a widely balanced strain distribution in the FLD such that strains are developed near the forming limit over a wide range of forming modes.Experiments were conducted on three grades of steel sheets to validate the proposed method. Stamping results yield well-defined strain signatures having a wide range of strain distribution in the FLD in all materials tested. The outcomes of the shape and strain behaviors agree well with the numerical results.     

板料拉深过程中的压边力控制技术

介绍了国内外板料拉深成形过程中压边力控制技术的发展现状，并讨论了研究过程中存在的主要问题和研究的发展方向。     

板料成形中拉延筋的模拟及应用

将拉延筋模型引入到板料成形动力显式有限元分析中,并以汽车前照灯矩形反光镜为应用实例,对其拉延成形过程进行了模拟。     

On the acting pressure in laser deep drawing

Through the continuing trend of miniaturization new cost efficient and fast methods for processing of small parts are required. In this paper a non-mechanical process for the forming process of micro deep drawing is presented. This new pulsed laser based deep drawing process utilizes an initiated plasma shock wave at the target, which forms the sheet. Several pulses can be applied at one point and therefore high forming degrees can be reached without increasing the energy density. In this article the pressure of the shock wave is measured and optimized. Furthermore laser deep drawing of samples made out of pure aluminum, copper and stainless steel sheet metal with thicknesses of 20 and 50 μm are shown. Finally the forming behavior after single pulses is presented.     

坯料外形对镁合金矩形盒拉深成形的影响

用商业有限元软件模拟了在同一套模具和成形条件下不同毛坯外形的镁合金矩形盒拉深成形过程, 依据数值模拟结果,分析了不同坯料外形对镁合金矩形盒拉深成形的影响。结果表明:使用矩形圆角坯料比其他坯料的成形性能好。     

坯料外形对镁合金矩形盒拉深成形的影响

用商业有限元软件模拟了在同一套模具和成形条件下不同毛坯外形的镁合金矩形盒拉深成形过程．依据数值模拟结果，分析了不同坯料外形对镁合金矩形盒拉深成形的影响。结果表明：使用矩形圆角坯料比其他坯料的成形性能好。