HR-200换热器防腐蚀涂料的性能与应用

辽河油田SAGD开采中使用的换热器先后采用了不锈钢和镍磷镀防腐工艺，但使用效果不佳，为此，研制了HR-200换热器专用防腐蚀涂料，本文介绍了该涂料的性能特点，描述了该涂料的施工工艺及应用效果。     

钢和铝合金低温表面强化新方法

化学沉积镍磷合金表面镀层,是提高零件表面耐磨、耐腐蚀的一种表面强化方法。五十年代末,化学沉积镍磷合金开始用于零部件的表面强化,以及随着复合镀技术的发展,化学沉积镍磷技术也得以不断完善和应用。至八十年代,化学沉积镍磷合金作为一种功能镀,已发展成为一种应用十分广泛的表面技术。日本、欧美各国已形成一定的生产规模,并有定型的商品槽液出售。化学沉积镍磷合金层是在一定的催化条件下,采用强还原剂次亚磷酸盐,使镀液中镍盐的镍阳离子还原,同时次亚磷酸盐分解,产     

光亮锌铁合金工艺通过鉴定

上海振光日用五金电镀总厂研制的全光亮锌铁合金电镀新工艺最近在上海通过鉴定,从而为节镍代镍工艺开辟了一条新途径。该工艺主要是以弱碱性焦磷酸盐为络合剂,添加ZF型多种添加剂,从而获得全光亮锌铁合金镀层,然后镀铬。镀层具有良好的整平性和全光亮性。其工艺可与传统的铜,镍、铬的镀层相媲美,该镀液稳定,分散能力好,溶液成份简单,工作范围宽,对铁基体的防腐蚀性能优越,是良好的节镍镀种,有良好的推广应用前景。     

化学复合镀镍-磷-金刚石镀速的研究

研究了在化学校镍磷合金镀液中加入金刚石微粒形成镍-磷-金刚石复合镀层的共沉积过程，分析镀液中各成分及操作条件对合金镀层沉积速度的影响，并对镀层的组织和性能进行了测试，结果表明：Ni—P—金刚石复合镀层镀速可达28μm/h，硬度可达HV0.11850左右。     

山西省和太原腐蚀与防护学会经济实体 太原市科鑫防腐蚀装饰有限公司概况

太原市科鑫化工防腐蚀装饰有限公司是山西省和太原腐蚀与防护学会经济实体，主要从事化工．防腐蚀．保温，建材新产品的研制；新产品生产：防腐蚀新技术现场推广应用；防腐蚀设备制作与修理：各类防腐蚀衬里，涂镀工程，保温绝热工程，防渗防水工程．混凝土结构修复工程．以及建筑防腐等特种工程的现场施工。     

电刷镀镍磷合金研究现状及展望

指出了镍镍合金电刷镀是电刷镀技术的发展和提高,其镀层性能优异,硬度高,并具有良好耐磨减率及防腐耐蚀性能,研究开发了低磷、中磷及高磷镍合金工艺,并对国内该项技术现状及发展方向进行了概述。     

40CrNiMo表面电刷镀的研究

为了改善40CrNiMo的耐磨、耐蚀性,提高其表面硬度,选用La2O3含量不同的镍磷镀液对40CrNiMo进行电刷镀,并对镀层性能进行研究。结果表明:40CrNiMo基体上刷镀镍磷镀层后,其镀层硬度、耐磨性、耐腐蚀性等表面性能得到明显提高。同时,在镍磷镀液中添加适量稀土有助于提高耐磨性能、耐腐蚀性能和硬度。     

化学镀及腐蚀时间对镍铜磷镀层成分组织性能影响

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)研究了化学镀及腐蚀时间对镍铜磷镀层组织和耐蚀性影响。结果表明,延长化学镀时间,镍铜磷镀层由球形颗粒逐渐转变为等轴状和长条形胞状组织,镀层中镍、磷含量按对数规律增大,铜含量在化学镀10 min时达到最大;随腐蚀时间延长,镀态镍铜磷腐蚀速率按线性规律增大,热处理态镍铜磷腐蚀速率具有极小值;长时间腐蚀后,镀态镍铜磷镀层表面呈"菜花状",热处理态镍铜磷表面为多孔结构,腐蚀时间对化合物膜成分影响较小;镍铜磷的腐蚀电流密度随腐蚀时间延长而增大,阻抗值则减小。     

铝合金化学镀镍磷合金镀层的组织和相结构

介绍了铝合金化学镀镍磷合金镀层的初期析出行为、组织和相结构。镀态下，镀层截面组织为黑白分明的层状组织，平面组织呈同心环状。低磷镀层的相结构是磷在镍中的过饱和固溶体，而高磷镀层为非晶态镍磷合金。随着加热温度的升高，低磷镀层的相结构是磷在镍中的过饱和固溶体，而高磷镀层为非晶态镍磷合金。随着加热温度的升高，低磷镀层首先析出ＮｉｘＰｙ，然后析出Ｎｉ３Ｐ相。高磷非晶态镀层首先晶化转变成ＮｉｘＰｙ相和Ｎｉ３Ｐ     

光亮剂对化学镀镍磷工艺及其镀层性能的影响

研制开发了一种新型的化学镀镍光亮剂。试验结果表明，光亮剂在化学镀镍过程中没有参与反应，却对磷的沉积起到了积极的催化作用，显著地提高了镀层中的磷含量；当光亮剂的加入量达到5～6mL/L时，镀层中的磷含量可提高到35.63%～39.03%，同时可得到全光亮的镍-磷合金镀层，有效地改善了镀层的表面质量，且出光速度快，镀液稳定可靠。通过扫描电镜和X射线衍射对高磷镍-磷合金镀层的分析表明，镀层为非晶态结构。显微硬度，磨损率以及耐蚀性测试结果表明，镀态下镍-磷合金镀层的硬度，耐磨性和在10%盐酸中的耐蚀性随着光亮剂的增加而降低。     

化学镀法制备纳米Ni-Al2O3复合粉体的研究

氧化铝陶瓷是应用最为广泛的一类陶瓷,但其自身的特点限定了它的应用.为了获得性能更加优良的氧化铝陶瓷,采用化学镀方法对平均粒径200nm的Al2O3粉末进行化学镀镍,制备出了纳米级的Ni-Al2O3复合粉体,并筛选出了合适的前处理和化学镀工艺.通过扫描电镜及能谱分析结果可知,采用该化学镀工艺,能在Al2O3颗粒表面得到表面形态较好的均匀的镍镀层.镀层主要由Ni相和P相组成,其镀层含磷量为9.94%.改良后的复合粉体,其性能将得到很大的改善.     

高速精密级进模表面加工工艺的开发与应用

针对传统的高速精密级进冲压模具所具有的材料费用贵、高硬度材料和特殊型面加工难等不足之处,研究开发了镍磷纳米碳化硅化学复合镀表面加工新工艺,将该工艺应用于普通模具钢材料制作的高速精密级进冲压模具零部件的表面加工,结果显示新工艺加工出来的模具零件的耐磨性和寿命性能与现有的用硬质合金材料加工的相同零部件的性能水平接近;研究表明这种新工艺不仅能提高高速精密级进冲压模具的耐磨性和寿命,解决其高硬度材料和复杂型面加工难的问题,而且能节约模具材料费用和提高企业经济效益。     

陶瓷颗粒表面的化学镀镍

研究了陶瓷颗粒表面化学镀镍的工艺，并着重讨论了施镀时间、装载比及施镀温度对镀速及镀层形貌的影响，从而确定了最佳工艺参数。扫描电镜分析结果表明通过采用恰当的工艺，陶瓷颗粒表面能够获得表面形貌较好且镀层厚度均匀的镍沉积层。     

化学镀镍内应力的研究

用于非金属电镀、电铸、化学镀、化学铸的现行许多化学镀镍工艺,总是在零件尖端部位发生崩裂,在镜面光洁的地方易起泡,这种难题至今未得到很好解决,这大大限制了化学镀镍的应用.针对这种情况,采用正交实验方法开发出一个低温、低内应力化学镀镍工艺,初步探讨了沉积层内应力与各工艺参数之间的关系,以及作为添加剂的糖精在化学沉积层中的作用机理,并对内应力和结合力的关系作了简介.实践证明了该工艺在短时间内能于多种复杂形状或镜面光亮的非金属表面上获得完整的化学镍沉积层.     

Nickel Electroplating

NICKEL ELECTROPLATING has been practicallyused for decades.There is an unknown part in theplating,although this is easy to plate.Applications ofthe plating are described from the practical viewpoint.Purpose of Nickel Electroplating(1)Decorative,and corrosion resistanceNickel electroplating is deposited on iron,cupper,zinc and aluminum substrate etc.,and chromiumplating is usually deposited on nickel plating.Hexavalent chromium plating has an important effecton the corrosion resisitan…     

Cadmium- and chromate-free coating schemes for corrosion protection of 15CDV6 steel

Electrodeposits of cadmium- and chromate-based inorganic inhibitor pigments in paint formulations are extensively used in the aerospace industry to provide long-term corrosion protection for high-strength steel hardware. Due to environmental concerns and worker safety issues, there is a pressing need to identify and adopt alternative ecofriendly coatings with equivalent performance. In this work, an ecofriendly cadmium- and chromatefree coating scheme comprised of zinc nickel alloy plating, trivalent chromium- based passivation, followed by a primer based on polyaniline phosphate, is studied for its anticorrosive properties. Long-term performance evaluation studies of this eco-friendly coating scheme were carried out on 15CDV6 steel, an ultra-high- strength steel used in the aerospace industry.For comparative purposes, two extensively used cadmium- and chromate-based schemes complying to aerospace and military specifications comprised of cadmium plating, hexavalent chromium-based passivation followed by two different chromate-based primers were studied on 15CDV6 steel substrate. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies and salt fog exposure tests were carried out to evaluate the anticorrosive properties of the coat- ing schemes. Cadmium- and chromate-free scheme exhibited excellent performance in the long-term corrosion evaluation studies. The results obtained in accelerated tests show the possibility of replacement of cadmium- and chromate-based schemes for corrosion protection of steels with an eco-friendly option.     

Quantitative evaluation of detection efficiency of the hydrogen microprint technique applied to steel

The detection efficiency of a hydrogen microprint technique (HMT) applied to steel specimens was examined experimentally. Amounts of hydrogen released from the specimen surface were measured by an electrochemical hydrogen permeation method, and the amounts were also evaluated by means of HMT under the same charging conditions as employed for the permeation test. Detection efficiency of conventional HMT was found to be as low as about 1%, but nickel plating of the steel surface was found to increase this efficiency remarkably. This high efficiency by nickel plating was achieved only when the relative humidity of an experimental atmosphere was controlled to 80% or higher. The thus-modified HMT showed a detection efficiency of about 40%.     

Preparation and Characterization of Nickel-Coated Carbon Fibers by Electroplating

Electroplating technique was applied to coat carbon fibers with nickel. Before plating, the initial fibers were pretreated to improve the wettability in bath. The electroplating parameters were optimized to obtain high-quality nickel-coated carbon fibers, and the effects on plating were studied. The coated carbon fibers were characterized by SEM, XRD, and XPS. The coatings are uniform, smooth, bright, and adherent to carbon fibers not only along length but also along the diameter of the filaments, and mainly composed of pure nickel. Metal-carbon-oxygen bonds are present at the interface between nickel coatings and fibers, which provides the interfacial binding force. The results of performance tests showed that the nickel-coated fibers possess a good bonding strength not less than 78.5 kPa, and exhibit excellent oxidation resistance at high temperature. Compared with the initial fibers, the wettability with aluminum is also improved obviously.     

SPCC钢碱性无氰直接预镀铜工艺研究

目的提高LED支架的性价比,减少SPCC钢表面镀银预镀铜工艺的镀液污染,简化现有的预镀镍-镀铜施镀工艺,提高预镀层质量。方法采用HEDP碱性无氰直接预镀铜方法来简化工艺,用单因素实验法,系统研究了电流密度、镀液pH、电镀温度、HEDP/Cu~(2+)摩尔比、电镀时间等参数,对镀层镀速、孔隙率及镀层表面质量的影响,并表征镀层的微观组织及镀层结合力。结果在阴极电流密度为1.41 A/dm~2,pH值为9.5,温度为50℃,HEDP/Cu~(2+)摩尔比为3.75:1(Cu~(2+)为10 g/L),时间为11 min的条件下,可获得镀速约为1.7 mg/(cm~2·min)的预镀铜层,且镀层与基体的结合力良好,无孔隙,呈良好的光亮/半光亮状的细晶镀层。结论与钢铁表面氰化镀铜及镀银前预镀铜工艺相比,推荐的HEDP直接预镀铜工艺的镀层质量好,可满足直接镀铜和镀银前预镀铜工艺要求,可有效减少镀液污染和简化施镀工艺,对SPCC钢的镀铜工艺改善具有较好的推广价值。     

空心玻璃微珠表面化学镀镍磷合金

以胶态钯为活化液对空心玻璃微珠表面化学镀镍工艺进行了研究.通过环境扫描电镜(ESEM)和能谱分析(EDS)分别对微珠镀镍前后的形貌进行了观察、对镀层成分进行了测试,并对微珠施镀装置进行了设计.结果表明:利用该工艺可在微珠表面形成光滑、均匀的Ni-P镀层,且在微珠间无散落的镀层金属颗粒存在;采用液体搅拌促进镀液循环,有利于微珠的悬浮和分散,并提高镀液的稳定性,为空心玻璃微珠表面的金属化提供了一个简单易行的工艺.