SiC/Si-Mo-Cr涂层SiCf/SiC复合材料辐照行为

通过浆料涂刷法(Slurry painting,SP)结合化学气相沉积(Chemical vapor deposition,CVD)，在SiC_f/SiC复合材料表面制备了致密的SiC/Si-Mo-Cr复合涂层。采用拉曼光谱、XRD和SEM研究了Si²⁺离子辐照前后涂层的相组成、结构和形貌，并通过三点弯曲试验评估了辐照前后涂层样品的力学性能。结果表明：SiC_f/SiC复合材料在Si²⁺离子辐照后发生结构损伤，如SiC纤维变得更粗糙，PyC界面膨胀以及SiC基体非晶化；而制备好的涂层可以极大地保护SiC_f/SiC复合材料；因此，内部的纤维、界面和SiC基体在Si²⁺离子辐照中都没有出现损伤。辐照后，SiC_f/SiC复合材料在辐照损伤区的界面脱黏和纤维拔出减少，弯曲断口变平，力学性能下降，弯曲强度保持率为80.49%；与之相比，涂层样品在辐照后的弯曲强度保持率更高，达到84.15%。     

Cf/SiC复合材料的氧化及抗氧化技术研究进展

连续碳纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料（C_f/SiC）因其具有高比强、高比模、耐磨损、良好热稳定性以及耐高温等突出性能,成为航空、航天、高性能武器装备等高尖端领域极具潜力的热结构材料。但高温氧化是其工程应用上的弱点,会造成C_f/SiC复合材料性能的下降,直接影响到材料的使用寿命和安全性。分析C_f/SiC复合材料的氧化影响因素,从界面相、基体和表面涂层3个方面综述C_f/SiC复合材料高温抗氧化技术的研究进展,结果表明:不同的温度区间内C_f/SiC复合材料的氧化行为不同,而界面改性、涂层抗氧化和基体改性相结合是实现材料抗氧化的关键。     

搅拌铸造法制备SiCp／A356铝基复合材料的研究

利用搅拌铸造技术制备SiCp/A356铝基复合材料.通过金相观察(OM),扫描电镜(SEM)及力学性能测试对所制备的颗粒增强铝基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能进行了研究.结果表明,SiC增强颗粒较均匀地分布于基体中,SiC/Al界面处存在明显的Si溶质偏聚,复合材料的孔隙率为4.2%;与基体合金相比,SiC颗粒的加入提高了复合材料的硬度和屈服强度,抗拉强度及延伸率略有下降;断口分析表明,搅拌铸造SiCp/A356铝基复合材料主要的断裂机制为SiC/Al界面脱粘及基体合金的脆性断裂.     

单颗磨粒划擦SiCf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的试验研究

为研究SiC纤维(SiC_f)增强SiC陶瓷基复合材料(SiC_f/SiC)的磨削损伤机理,搭建试验平台开展单颗磨粒划擦试验,测量划擦力并观察其表面损伤形式,研究磨粒形状、划痕深度和SiC_f取向对复合材料磨削机理的影响。试验结果表明:SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的划擦损伤形式主要有基体崩碎、纤维裂纹、断裂和拔出等。在SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料划擦过程中,尖锐状磨粒的划擦力更小,且整条划痕的表面损伤范围较扁平状磨粒的小。用扁平状磨粒划擦但纤维取向γ= 0°时,划痕形貌中纤维断裂、纤维拔出等损伤形式出现较少。      

纤维增强钛基复合材料界面断裂韧性的顶出法研究（英文）

为了估计单向SiC纤维增强钛基复合材料的界面断裂韧性GIIc,提出了一个关于单根纤维顶出试验的新模型。在该模型中,界面脱粘开始于试样的底端面。以断裂力学为基础推导出了GIIc的理论公式,并且讨论了几个关键因素对GIIc的影响,如裂纹扩展所需的外加应力,裂纹长度以及界面的摩擦剪切应力。并且运用此模型预测了复合材料Sigma1240/Ti-6-4,SCS/Ti-6-4,SCS/Timetal 834和SCS/Timetal 21s的界面断裂韧性,并与以前的有限元结果进行了比较。结果显示,对于脱粘起始于试样的底端面的顶出试验,该模型能较可靠地预测钛基复合材料的界面断裂韧性。     

PIP法制备陶瓷基复合材料构件的弯曲性能研究

采用先驱体转化工艺(PIP)制备三维炭纤维增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料(3D-Cf/SiC)构件。通过三点弯曲强度方法分析构件材料的弯曲性能及破坏规律。研究表明:采用三维炭纤维编织的陶瓷基复合材料构件,其复合材料基体的主要成分为β-SiC,材料具有较高的弯曲性能,可达511MPa,构件材料与采用同种PIP工艺制备的3D-Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料相比较,强度降低26.4%,这可能是由制备的构件其致密度较低以及后续加工等因素所致。3D-Cf/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在弯曲断裂过程,材料纤维与纤维束被大量拔出,表现出类似金属的较好假塑性断裂特征。     

采用TiH_2预处理的SiC陶瓷柱阵列增强/高铬铸铁复合材料界面与耐磨性能（英文）

利用TiH2粉末膏剂涂覆和在真空下1000或1400℃保温20 min的预处理工艺对反应烧结SiC陶瓷柱进行了表面预处理,再将预处理好的SiC陶瓷柱固定在石墨板上,随后采用金属浇铸工艺制备了一种具有高度陶瓷增强体宏观均匀性、可靠性和可设计性的SiC陶瓷柱阵列增强高铬铸铁复合材料。陶瓷涂层和复合材料界面分析表明:1400℃为较优的SiC表面预处理温度,预处理后SiC表面形成一层可靠的金属性复合层。该复合层在高温浇注过程中不会被溶解,可有效抑制高铬铸铁与SiC陶瓷的界面反应,从而形成无脱层、优良的复合材料陶瓷/金属磨损界面。与该复合材料的金属基体相比,由于SiC陶瓷柱的有效添加,经表面处理后不同陶瓷含量的SiC/高铬铸铁复合材料的耐磨性能均显著提高。     

Interface and Wear Resistance of SiC Ceramic Column Grid Array Reinforced High-Chromium Cast Iron Composite Pretreated with TiH2

利用TiH2粉末膏剂涂覆和在真空下1000或1400℃保温20 min的预处理工艺对反应烧结SiC陶瓷柱进行了表面预处理,再将预处理好的SiC陶瓷柱固定在石墨板上,随后采用金属浇铸工艺制备了一种具有高度陶瓷增强体宏观均匀性、可靠性和可设计性的SiC陶瓷柱阵列增强高铬铸铁复合材料。陶瓷涂层和复合材料界面分析表明:1400℃为较优的SiC表面预处理温度,预处理后SiC表面形成一层可靠的金属性复合层。该复合层在高温浇注过程中不会被溶解,可有效抑制高铬铸铁与SiC陶瓷的界面反应,从而形成无脱层、优良的复合材料陶瓷/金属磨损界面。与该复合材料的金属基体相比,由于SiC陶瓷柱的有效添加,经表面处理后不同陶瓷含量的SiC/高铬铸铁复合材料的耐磨性能均显著提高。     

采用顶出方法研究纤维增强钛基复合材料的界面断裂韧性

为了估计单向SiC纤维增强钛基复合材料的界面断裂韧性G_IIc,本文提出了一个关于单根纤维顶出试验的新模型,在本模型中,界面脱粘开始于试样的底端面。本文以断裂力学为基础推导出了G_IIc 的理论公式,并且讨论了几个关键因素对G_IIc的影响,如裂纹扩展所需的外加应力,裂纹长度以及界面的摩擦剪切应力。并且运用此模型预测了复合材料 Sigma1240/Ti-6-4, SCS/Ti-6-4, SCS/Timetal 834 and SCS/Timetal 21s 的界面断裂韧性,并与以前的有限元结果进行了比较。结果显示,对于脱粘起始于试样的底端面的顶出试验,本模型能较可靠地预测钛基复合材料的界面断裂韧性。     

填充泡沫Ti/AlSiMg的SiC陶瓷钎焊接头的组织与性能

为丰富SiC陶瓷钎焊所用钎料的设计思路,提出了一种泡沫Ti/AlSiMg新型复合钎料,通过Ti元素的溶入提高钎料与SiC陶瓷之间的界面结合力,利用泡沫Ti与Al基钎料之间的界面反应获得原位增强的钎缝,从而提升接头力学性能. 采用钎焊温度700 ℃、保温时间60 min和焊接压力10 MPa进行SiC陶瓷真空钎焊,利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X射线衍射、电子探针和万能试验机对接头组织、成分和性能进行分析,探索泡沫Ti/AlSiMg复合钎料在SiC陶瓷钎焊中的可用性. 结果表明,填充泡沫Ti/AlSiMg复合钎料所得接头结构为SiC/Al/Ti(Al,Si)₃/Ti(Al,Si)₃原位增强Ti基钎缝/ Ti(Al,Si)₃/Al/SiC,断裂发生在铝合金界面层和SiC陶瓷之间,Ti元素的溶入提高了铝合金界面层与SiC陶瓷之间的界面结合力,接头抗剪强度达111 MPa.     

SiC纤维表面去碳处理对PIP-SiCf/SiC复合材料力学性能以及界面影响

采用强度测试、SEM、HRTEM等分析测试手段对纤维表面去碳前后SiC纤维强度、复合材料力学性能、纤维表面形貌、复合材料断口形貌以及复合材料界面特征进行分析表征.结果表明,去碳处理后,纤维表面的固有缺陷暴露出来,纤维强度下降约15%,但由其制备的复合材料强度下降只有原纤维制备复合材料的1/6;复合材料断口非常平整,纤维...     

循环变形提高SiC纤维增强铝基复合材料强度及塑性Ⅱ.理论分析

采用断裂力学方法获得了纤维增强复合材料强度与脱粘长度、纤维临界长度以及纤维体积分数的定量关系。该公式较好地预测了纤维的临界长度以及强度与纤维体积分数的关系，并再现了复合材料混合定则。该公式也较好地解释了丝状复合材料强度随短期循环变形载荷与周次增加而增加的现象。其原因是在循环变形中，纤维与基体界面结合强度发生变化，导致纤维临界长度与脱粘长度发生变化。从而使复合材料强度增加，但这种增加是有限的和有范围的。循环变形的发展最终导致强度下降。     

Synergistic Effects of Temperature,Oxidation and Stress Level on Fatigue Damage Evolution and Lifetime Prediction of Cross-Ply SiC/CAS Ceramic-Matrix Composites Through Hysteresis-Based Parameters

The damage development and cyclic fatigue lifetime of cross-ply SiC/CAS ceramic-matrix composites have been investigated at different testing temperatures in air atmosphere. The relationships between the fatigue hysteresis-based damage parameters, i.e., fatigue hysteresis dissipated energy, fatigue hysteresis modulus and fatigue peak strain and the damage mechanisms of matrix multicracking, fiber/matrix interface debonding, interface sliding and fibers failure, have been established. With the increase in the cycle number, the evolution of the fatigue hysteresis modulus, fatigue peak strain and fatigue hysteresis dissipated energy depends upon the fatigue peak stress levels, interface and fibers oxidation and testing temperature. The fatigue life S-N curves of cross-ply SiC/CAS composite at room and elevated temperatures have been predicted, and the fatigue limit stresses at room temperature, 750 and 850 °C, are 50, 36 and 30% of the tensile strength, respectively.     

Monitoring Damage Evolution in a Titanium Matrix Composite Shaft Under Torsion Loading Using Acoustic Emission

The damage behaviors of a titanium matrix composite shaft under torsion loading were monitored using the acoustic emission technique. The composite shaft with SiC fibers at ± 45° orientations was prepared by the solid-state fabrication process. Both the torsional rigidity and torsional strength of the TMC shaft were improved by SiC fibers. The acoustic emission responses during the loading–unloading–reloading, under quasi-static and cyclic torsion tests were investigated. Multiple acoustic emission signals were grouped as mechanical noise, matrix deformation, interface debonding and fiber fracture using amplitude, waveform shape and frequency centroid parameters. A substantial reduction of signals generated by matrix deformation was found in the reloading test. During the quasi-static torsion test, interface debonding and progressive breaks of SiC fibers occurred. According to different acoustic emission behaviors, the failure process in the torsion fatigue test can be divided into three stages: the initial stage, the fiber fracture stage and the fast fracture stage.     

Effects of Fiber Volume Fraction on Transverse Tensile Properties of SiC/Ti-6Al-4V Composites

采用有限元法分析了在残余应力和外加横向载荷作用下纤维体积分数对SiC/Ti-6Al-4V复合材料横向拉伸行为的影响。通过弹簧连接纤维与基体界面的重合节点来模拟界面脱粘。结果表明,在界面结合强度一定时,界面脱粘应力(对应于应力-应变曲线上应变的跳跃)受0°方向界面径向残余应力影响较大;在界面脱粘先于基体屈服时,复合材料失效应力(对应于应力-应变曲线上的水平部分)主要取决于纤维体积分数,且体积分数越低,失效应力越高。     

Effects of SiC interfacial coating on mechanical properties of carbon fiber needled felt reinforced sol-derived Al2O3 composites

3D carbon fiber needled felt and polycarbosilane-derived SiC coating were selected as reinforcement and interfacial coating, respectively, and the sol−impregnation−drying−heating (SIDH) route was used to fabricate C/Al₂O₃ composites. The effects of SiC interfacial coating on the mechanical properties, oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of C/Al₂O₃ composites were investigated. It is found that the fracture toughness of C/Al₂O₃ composites was remarkably superior to that of monolithic Al₂O₃ ceramics. The introduction of SiC interfacial coating obviously improved the strengths of C/Al₂O₃ composites although the fracture work diminished to some extent. Owing to the tight bonding between SiC coating and carbon fiber, the C/SiC/Al₂O₃ composites showed much better oxidation and thermal shock resistance over C/Al₂O₃ composites under static air.     

Evaluation of interface fracture toughness in SiC fiber reinforced titanium matrix composite

The finite element method based on the equivalent domain integral technique was developed to simulate the push out test and evaluate the interfacial fracture toughness of SiC reinforced titanium matrix composites. A special subroutine was introduced while modeling the push-out test to control interfacial failure process. In addition, the residual stresses, Poisson ratio and friction stresses were all considered in the finite element analysis and the interface debonding was described as a continuous process. The results show that the interfacial fracture toughness of SiC/Timetal-834 is about 50 Jim2. Moreover, the effects of various parameters on the interfacial fracture toughness and the variations of energy release rates at both ends of the specimen were analyzed in detail.     

原位TiB2颗粒增强铝基复合材料及其力学性能

对原位反应合成TiB2／A356铝基复合材料微观组织和力学拉伸性能进行了研究。结果表明，原位反应生成的颗粒增强相在复合材料基体中分布均匀，基体与颗粒间的界面洁净。复合材料强度随着颗粒含量的增加显著提高，与基体合金相比，TiB2质量分数为8％的TiB2／A356复合材料强度和弹性模量的提高幅度约为28％，TiB2质量分数为16％的TiB2／A356复合材料强度和弹性模量的提高幅度约为35％。复合材料的断裂主要是由于基体与颗粒界面脱粘，在拉伸应力作用下由此萌生微裂纹并扩展，导致界面处的基体撕裂，从而降低复合材料塑性。     

Mechanical properties of bone-shaped-short-fiber reinforced composites

Short-fiber composites usually have low strength and toughness relative to continuous fiber composites, an intrinsic problem caused by discontinuities at fiber ends and interfacial debonding. In this work a model polyethylene bone-shaped-short (BSS) fiber-reinforced polyester–matrix composite was fabricated to prove that fiber morphology, instead of interfacial strength, solves this problem. Experimental tensile and fracture toughness test results show that BSS fibers can bridge matrix cracks more effectively, and consume many times more energy when pulled out, than conventional straight short (CSS) fibers. This leads to both higher strength and fracture toughness for the BSS-fiber composites. A computational model was developed to simulate crack propagation in both BSS- and CSS-fiber composites, accounting for stress concentrations, interface debonding, and fiber pull-out. Model predictions were validated by experimental results and will be useful in optimizing BSS-fiber morphology and other material system parameters.