自蔓延高温合成Cf/TiC-TiB2复合材料的力学性能研究

为提高TiC-TiB2复合材料的强度和韧性以拓宽其应用,用自蔓延高温合成结合准热等静压(SHS/PHIP)的方法制备了碳纤维质量分数分别为0%,1%,3%,5%,7%的Cf/TiC-TiB2复合材料.通过实验测定,随碳纤维含量的增加,Cf/TiC-TiB2复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性都呈现先增加后降低的趋势.当碳纤维含量达到3%时,强度和韧性分别为406.12 MPa和6.26 MPa.m1/2,均高于纯TiC-TiB2陶瓷.纤维的断裂、桥连和裂纹的偏转是复合材料的主要增韧机制.     

稀释剂TiC对制备TiC-TiB_2颗粒增强复合材料涂层的影响

研究了稀释剂TiC对Ti-6Al-4V合金表面制备原位内生TiC-TiB2颗粒增强复合材料涂层过程中的作用。结果表明,在Al-B4C体系下,稀释剂TiC的作用主要表现为减少涂层中单位体积内反应物的摩尔量、增大各反应物之间的扩散距离和吸收反应放出的部分热,从而有利于涂层的制备。     

原位合成(TiB+Al2O3)/Ti复合材料

应用热力学 ,分析了Ti与B2 O3 、Al之间的化学反应原位合成TiB和Al2 O3 增强的钛基复合材料的合成机理。设计了普通的非自耗电弧熔炼工艺制备该钛基复合材料。借助X射线衍射仪 (XRD)和扫描电镜 (SEM )分析了原位合成复合材料的物相和增强体的形态。结果表明 :原位合成的增强体确实为TiB和Al2 O3 。增强体在基体合金上分布较为均匀 ,增强体形状为短纤维状。原位合成增强体的加入显著提高了钛基复合材料的洛氏硬度。     

TiC-TiB2增强MoSi2复合材料的力学性能及抗氧化行为

以MoSi2、Ti和B4C粉为原料,采用高温热压技术合成不同体积分数TiC-TiB2增强MoSi2复合材料,研究TiC-TiB2颗粒对MoSi2基体材料显微组织、力学性能和高温氧化性能的影响.结果表明:30%TiC-TiB2/MoSi2(体积分数)复合材料的抗弯强度和维氏硬度分别达到468.3 MPa和17.07 GPa,比纯MoSi2的分别增加了63.2%和83.5%.随着TiC-TiB2体积分数的增加,复合材料的断裂方式由以沿晶断裂为主向以穿晶断裂为主转变,强化机制是细晶强化和弥散强化.在800～1 200 ℃氧化192 h时,30%TiC-TiB2复合材料的增质是10%TiC-TiB2复合材料的2.38～3.23倍.氧化层中没有发现低熔点的B2O3,而TiO2和SiO2的存在使材料具有较好的抗氧化性.     

NiAl含量对反应合成TiC-TiB_2-NiAl物相及组织结构的影响(英文)

以Ti、B4C、Ni、Al粉末为原料,通过自蔓延高温反应合成工艺(SHS)制备TiC-TiB2-NiAl复合材料,研究NiAl含量对反应产物的物相组成及组织结构的影响。结果表明:Ti+B4C+Ni+Al粉末SHS反应产物的物相组成为TiB2、TiC和NiAl,随着Ni+Al添加量的增多,NiAl相的衍射峰强度逐渐增强;TiB2、TiC和NiAl在基体中呈现不同的形态,其中TiB2呈六边形或长条状,TiC呈圆形,NiAl填充在TiC和TiB2颗粒之间;随着NiAl含量的增加,TiC-TiB2-NiAl复合材料的晶粒逐渐被细化,致密度和抗压强度均被提高,TiC的形态由不规则形状转变为圆形。复合材料的断裂方式由单纯的沿晶断裂转变为混合的沿晶断裂和穿晶断裂。     

TiC-TiB2颗粒表面增强Ti-6Al-4V基复合材料涂层制备

在Al-B4C粉末体系中通过采用低氧压熔结技术在Ti-6Al-4V合金表面成功制备出原位内生TiC-TiB2颗粒增强金属基复合材料涂层.XRD检测表明涂层主要由TiC、TiB2、TiAl3、Al2O3和Al组成,外层TiC和TiB2颗粒含量(体积分数)约为55％,各层之间表现出较强的结合能力.通过对涂层形成机制的研究,Al在涂层制备过程中主要起到类似稀释剂、催化剂、辅助剂、除氧剂和填充剂作用,为涂层的制备提供了一种更加便利的途径.     

激光熔覆原位合成TiC-TiB2复合涂层

为了提高材料表面的强度及耐磨性,在Fe901自熔性合金粉末中添加了不同比例的(TiO2+B4C+C+Al)混合粉末,采用激光熔覆技术在45钢表面成功制备了TiC-TiB2增强复合涂层。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、显微硬度计和磨损试验机等对复合涂层的相组成、显微组织形貌及力学性能进行了分析,同时对反应体系进行了热力学计算。结果表明:复合涂层与基材呈冶金结合,无气孔、裂纹等缺陷。反应体系满足原位合成TiC和TiB2的热力学条件。涂层物相由α-Fe、TiC、TiB2和(Fe,Cr)7C3组成。细小的方块状TiC颗粒和长条状TiB2均匀弥散分布于涂层基体上,可起到进一步细化组织及沉淀强化的作用。添加(TiO2+B4C+C+Al)混合粉末后,涂层组织明显细化且树枝晶数量减少,并且随着添加量增多,组织越细小。TiC-TiB2增强复合涂层显微硬度在720~760HV0.2之间,比不含TiC-TiB2的涂层提高了30%左右,耐磨性明显提高,混合粉末添加质量分数为50%时耐磨性最好。     

Al-Ti-B_4C体系熔体内燃烧合成TiC-TiB_2颗粒局部增强钢基复合材料

利用Al-Ti-B4C体系通过燃烧合成辅助铸造法成功制备了TiC-TiB2颗粒局部增强钢基复合材料,研究了Al含量对局部增强复合材料的组织及耐磨性的影响.结果表明,不同Al含量(0~50%,质量分数)的Al-Ti-B4C压坯在约1873 K钢液浇注下都能原位反应生成TiC和TiB2陶瓷颗粒,而且钢液都向预制块发生了不同程度的浸渗.压坯内Al含量的变化不仅影响了合成产物的相组成及陶瓷相的分布、尺寸和数量,而且还影响了局部增强区和钢基体界面处陶瓷颗粒的分布状况.随Al含量的增加,合成陶瓷的颗粒大小、数量以及颗粒间的孔隙均变小,产物中形成的金属间化合物的种类和数量增多,且陶瓷颗粒在界面处的梯度分布趋势减弱并最终消失.磨损测试结果表明,复合材料局部增强区的耐磨损性比钢基体显著提高,而且在Al含量为0时为最好,然后依次为含30%Al,10%Al和50%Al的复合材料.     

点焊电极表面电火花强化TiC-TiB2涂层

以Ti、B4C和Cu等粉末为原料,采用自蔓延高温合成工艺制备TiC-TiB2复合材料,并通过电火花表面强化在点焊镀锌钢板用电极的表面制备TiC-TiB2复合强化层。用四探针法测量了强化层的电导率,利用SEM和XRD分析了强化层的微观结构和物相,运用点焊实验测试了强化电极的使用寿命,初步分析了强化层对电极失效的影响。结果表明:电火花强化层致密无明显分层,强化层与基体间为牢固的冶金结合;强化层物相主要为TiB2、TiC、B2O3和Cu等,强化层中的非晶组织和组织细化使其衍射峰宽化;TiC-TiB2复合强化层的导电率可达86.53%IACS,具有良好的导电性能,适合制作点焊电极材料;强化电极的点焊寿命比无强化层电极大约提高了4倍。     

原位镁基复合材料的研究进展

重点介绍了原位颗粒增强镁基复合材料的制备技术、原位增强体的形成机制、增强机理和原位镁基复合材料的力学性能等研究热点问题并展望了原位颗粒增强镁基复合材料的发展趋势。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.     

Structural Optimization of Electromagnetic Swirling Flow in Nozzle of Slab Continuous Casting

During the slab continuous casting process, the flow field of molten steel in the mold plays a decisive role in the quality of the slab. In this paper, electromagnetic swirling flow in nozzle technology is proposed to control the flow field in mold.This technology can drive molten steel to rotate inside the submerged entry nozzle by electromagnetic force, thereby controlling the flow field. This research shows that it can reduce the impact of molten steel on the bottom of nozzle and partly reduce the negative pressure at the upper part of nozzle outlet which is even eliminated by optimizing the structure and angle of nozzle. The area of heat flux of the mold wall becomes larger, and the crest value of heat flux gets lower than that without swirling in nozzle and any nozzle optimization. The meniscus fluctuates smoothly, and the flow velocity at the top surface is within a reasonable range. The temperature field distribution in the mold is uniform which was beneficial to the growth of equiaxed crystal and decreased element segregation.