SiO2气凝胶绝热涂层隔热与耐高温性能研究

目的探究SiO_2气凝胶在绝热涂层中的应用,利用SiO_2气凝胶的低导热系数、低密度、高孔隙率及低折射率等优异性质,提高涂层隔热性能和耐高温性能。方法通过筛选不同类型的水性树脂和功能填料,选择吸热较少的树脂和隔热性能优异的填料作为绝热涂层的原材料。采用自制隔热装置以及导热系数测量仪,对添加不同质量分数SiO_2气凝胶的绝热涂层的隔热性能进行研究,并采用XRD、FT-IR等多种分析手段,研究涂层加热到200、300、400℃时的物相结构和基团变化。结果水性丙烯酸树脂含吸热基团较少,在相同光照条件下,平衡温度分别比聚氨酯树脂和环氧树脂低0.8℃和1.8℃,适宜作SiO_2气凝胶绝热涂层的成膜物质。涂层隔热性能随SiO_2气凝胶质量分数的增加呈先增强后减弱的趋势,当SiO_2气凝胶质量分数为5%时,涂层的隔热性能最佳,同未添加SiO_2气凝胶的涂层相比,最大温差可达12℃。随SiO_2气凝胶质量分数的增加,涂层的耐高温性能提升,当SiO_2气凝胶的质量分数为7%时,涂层能在400℃高温下保持良好的性能。结论 SiO_2气凝胶对隔热涂层的隔热性能和耐高温性能有较大提升,对SiO_2气凝胶涂层的多领域应用奠定了一定基础。     

地面装备用防腐涂层体系现状及发展趋势

针对地面装备的防腐涂层现状,综述了地面装备用富锌底漆/环氧云铁中间漆/高耐候面漆、环氧防腐涂料/丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆、含氯树脂防腐涂层和有机-无机聚合物涂层4种防腐涂层体系的现状及发展趋势,指出地面武器装备的防腐涂层向长效、环保的方向发展,对防腐涂层的选用具有重要的参考价值.     

SiO2气凝胶复合型隔热涂层的制备及性能研究

目的探究SiO_2气凝胶在复合隔热涂料中的应用,从隔热机理出发,通过降低复合隔热涂层的导热系数,提高反射率、辐射率等方式,使涂层达到隔热降温的目的。方法首先通过单掺实验确定各填料的含量,并采用紫外/可见光/近红外分光光度计、红外辐射率测量仪和自制的测试隔热装置等,分析涂层的发射率、辐射率和隔热性能,最后通过正交实验方法得到最优涂层配方。结果 SiO_2气凝胶能显著降低涂层的导热系数,在此基础上,添加钛白粉、空心玻璃微珠、红外陶瓷粉等颜填料,能有效提高涂层的反射率和辐射率,从而进一步增强了涂层的隔热效果。分别添加质量分数为5%的SiO_2气凝胶、5%的钛白粉、5%的空心玻璃微珠和10%的红外陶瓷粉时,复合隔热涂层具有最优的隔热性能。SiO_2气凝胶复合型隔热涂层的干膜厚度为60μm时,与未涂覆的空白样板对比,温度最高可降低14.8℃。结论 SiO_2气凝胶复合型隔热涂层具有优异的隔热性能,并且具有薄层、轻质、环保等优点,具有一定的实际应用价值。     

2A12铝合金表面有机复合涂层的耐蚀性能研究

以氟碳面漆、丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆、环氧玻璃鳞片胶泥中间漆、铝合金防腐底漆和底面合一铝合金专用防腐漆为原料,采用不同的配套方案在2A12铝合金表面制备了有机复合涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、中性盐雾实验、极化曲线测试和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试对有机复合涂层的耐蚀性能和耐蚀机理进行了研究。结果表明:有机复合涂层与2A12铝合金基体之间,以及有机复合涂层中各层之间均结合良好;中性盐雾腐蚀30 d后各有机复合涂层仍具有表面光泽,没有出现开裂和剥落;(底漆+中间漆+氟碳面漆)方案的有机复合涂层耐蚀性能最佳,使腐蚀电流密度下降了3个数量级,极化电阻上升了3个数量级,阻抗值提升约2个数量级。     

气凝胶预封装高焓值定型相变水性热控涂层制备与性能研究

目的 研制一种气凝胶预封装的高焓值定型相变水性热控涂层.方法 以烷烃类相变材料为功能填料,研究了相变材料与常用溶剂的相容性,及不同预封装方式对涂层性能的影响.通过优化配方设计,制备出一种可以采用喷涂施工方式的高焓值定型相变水性热控涂料.结果 以水性树脂作为基料,以气凝胶作为预封装材料,当m(相变材料(二十二烷)):m(水性树脂):m(气凝胶)=5:2.5:1时,涂层相变焓可达139.3 J/g,涂层表面不开裂,且在高于相变温度时不发生渗漏,可弥补传统相变材料在复杂形貌结构件应用困难、结合不紧密的缺点.结论 创新地采用SiO2气凝胶将烷烃类相变材料吸入孔隙中进行预封装,后将预封装的相变材料加入水性树脂中,制备成兼具有机成膜物柔性的高焓值定型相变水性热控涂层,在力学性能优异的树脂包裹下,可避免其在形变时发生脆性断裂.涂料简单易行的施工方式,使其不再受被保护部件复杂形状的限制,从而极大地拓展了相变材料的应用范围.     

快干型高固体分环氧防腐底漆的研究

目的研制高性能快干型高固体分环氧防腐底漆。方法将低黏度高活性环氧树脂和普通环氧树脂进行复配,得到可用于高固含涂料的树脂基料;通过分子结构优化设计,合成制备了以酚醛胺改性聚酰胺树脂为主体并结合柔性长链改性胺树脂复配的固化剂体系;利用复配的环氧树脂基料、自制的固化剂体系和无铬防锈颜料等组分研制了快干型高固体分环氧底漆。根据国家标准,进行了力学性能(包括柔韧性、耐冲击性和附着力)、耐环境性能(包括耐湿热、耐盐雾性能)和耐液体介质等涂层性能测试;通过考核涂层耐丁酮擦拭100次是否露底,来表征涂层的固化,采用FTIR手段,动态跟踪环氧固化过程。结果新研制的环氧涂料具有优良的力学性能和防腐性能,涂料的固含量73%,表干时间40 min,适用期8 h,耐盐雾和湿热均能达到5000 h,全面性能已达到国外现役先进材料水平,且工艺性能良好。结论以低黏度高活性环氧树脂为基体,采用酚醛与柔性长链二聚酸改性的聚酰胺固化剂,可制备高性能快干高固体分环氧防腐底漆,在飞机的防护底漆领域具有良好的应用前景。     

抗菌防霉防腐阻燃一体化纳米涂层应用研究

目的通过特种功能纳米粒子的协同作用以及不同功能涂层的合理配套使用,获得集抗菌防霉、防腐、阻燃和耐磨等多种功能于一体,适用于涉海和航天装备综合防护的多功能纳米涂层材料。方法以环氧树脂为底漆和中间漆的基体树脂,加入多聚磷酸盐和石墨烯复合助剂制备防腐底漆,加入石墨烯和膨胀型阻燃剂为复合阻燃助剂制备阻燃中间漆;以丙烯酸改性聚氨酯为面漆基体树脂,加入吡啶硫酮锌和纳米银抗菌复合助剂以及纳米陶瓷颗粒耐磨助剂,制备抗菌防霉耐磨聚氨酯面漆。将防腐底漆、阻燃中间漆和抗菌防霉耐磨面漆合理搭配,制备多功能一体化综合防护涂层材料。通过铅笔硬度测试、划格法附着力测试、耐冲击强度测试和耐人工老化测试评价纳米涂层的常规性能,通过盐雾测试研究防腐性能,通过燃烧实验研究阻燃性能,通过抗菌防霉实验研究抗菌防霉性能,通过摩擦实验评价其耐磨性能。结果经测试,纳米涂层的硬度为H,附着力为0级,耐冲击强度为50 kg·cm。800 h人工老化试验后,漆膜无明显变化。800 h中性盐雾测试后,基体无腐蚀点。12 s垂直燃烧实验研究发现其平均烧焦长度仅为1 mm,滴落物的续燃时间为0 s。烟密度研究发现纳米涂层240 s的Dm平均值仅为13,抗菌、防霉实验表明该纳米涂层对大部分细菌的抑菌率高达99%,其防霉等级为0级,耐磨性能测试发现涂层的质量损失为32 mg。结论所研制的一体化纳米涂层具有优异的防腐、阻燃、耐磨和抗菌防霉性能,可以在航天航空以及海工设施等特种设备上使用,能够起到综合防护作用。     

水性聚氨酯的合成及可剥涂料的性能研究

目的以水性聚氨酯为主要成膜物质,制备一种耐水性良好且涂层整体可剥的保护涂料。方法首先采用正交法分析水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,并通过测试红外图谱、存储时间、外观及耐水性,分析三乙胺和H2O含量对产物性能的影响。再以合成产物为基料,加入固化剂聚碳化二亚胺及其他助剂制备水性涂料,通过测试邵氏硬度、附着力、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、剥离强度及耐水性,分析该水性涂料的可保护性和可剥性。结果红外图谱表明成功合成了水性聚氨酯,得出了自乳化型水性聚氨酯的最佳合成工艺。涂料工艺性和涂层的综合性能良好,涂层可以一次性整体剥离。该涂层附着力为4B,具有良好的耐水性,在室温水中浸泡48 h后,质量基本不变,拉伸强度由37.7 MPa变为33.6 MPa,断裂伸长率由540%变为510%,邵氏硬度仍为82HA。结论聚碳化二亚胺和其他助剂的加入使得涂层具有良好的可剥性和耐水性,且涂层硬度为82HA,对基材能起到一定的保护作用。     

电化学阻抗谱评价输电铁塔防护涂层配套性能

研究了用于输电铁塔防护的带锈环氧底漆（A）、水性环氧防锈底漆（B）、氟硅改性丙烯酸面漆（C）、有机硅改性醇酸树脂面漆（D）所组成的4个涂层配套体系的电化学阻抗谱图特征。通过研究涂层电阻、涂层孔隙率和10kHz下的涂层相对介电常数对4种涂料配套体系的防腐蚀性能进行了比较和评价。结果表明,4个配套涂层体系防护性能的优劣顺序...     

氟碳涂层对海洋环境下混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的影响

目的研究不同氟碳涂层体系对海洋环境下混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能的影响规律及作用机理。方法以溶剂型氟碳涂层和水性氟碳涂层为研究对象,开展了两种溶剂型氟碳涂层体系和一种水性氟碳涂层体系的研究,即环氧底漆-溶剂型氟碳面漆、环氧底漆-聚氨酯中层漆-溶剂型氟碳面漆及水性环氧底漆-水性氟碳面漆。通过氯离子电迁移快速试验,研究涂覆这三种氟碳涂层体系的混凝土抗氯离子渗透性能。采用干湿循环试验模拟浪花飞溅区,通过混凝土抗氯离子侵蚀试验及扫描电镜观察试验,研究涂层对混凝土在海洋环境浪花飞溅区的防腐性能。结果氯离子电迁移快速试验测得的氯离子扩散系数表明,氟碳涂层体系作用下,混凝土氯离子扩散系数降低。干湿循环试验36 d后,通过扫描电镜观察发现这两种溶剂型氟碳涂层体系表面仍然致密,水性氟碳涂层体系表面出现裂缝。结论溶剂型和水性氟碳涂层体系均能提高混凝土抗氯离子渗透性,溶剂型氟碳涂层体系在海洋浪花飞溅区更耐久,更适用于该环境下的混凝土腐蚀防护。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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