Cr-Bi对Mg-8Zn-4Al合金铸态组织及时效沉淀相演变的影响

利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析手段研究了Bi、Cr-Bi复合添加对Mg-8Al-4Zn合金铸态组织及时效沉淀相演变的影响。结果表明:Cr-Bi复合添加能有效改善合金的铸态组织,使连续网状相断开呈短杆或颗粒状。Bi、Cr-Bi复合添加的合金经350℃×12 h+160℃时效,其沉淀硬化曲线呈现典型的温时效。Cr-Bi复合添加的合金时效初期硬化速率较高,20 h就达到峰值硬度的97%,时效48 h达到峰值硬度92.44 HV,过时效阶段硬度下降速度比较缓慢。Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.5Bi合金经350℃×12 h+160℃×120 h时效后主要有MgZn2、Mg3Bi2和单Bi相,呈短杆或细小颗粒状弥散分布在基体上;Cr-Bi复合添加的合金经350℃×12 h+160℃×144 h时效后,除短杆或细小颗粒状的MgZn2相外还有Cr、Al12Cr3等沉淀相,没有发现粗大的MgZn相,且沉淀相与单独添加Bi经120 h时效的合金相比更加细小、致密、弥散均匀分布。     

Mg-4Zn-2Al-0.5Ca合金时效沉淀过程的相演变

利用高分辨透射电镜和扫描电镜分析了Mg-4Zn-2Al-0.5Ca合金时效沉淀过程中的相演变。结果表明:试验合金的时效硬化曲线呈现典型的时效硬化特征。试验合金在160℃时效达到峰值硬度时其沉淀相有:平行于(0001)Mg的圆盘状沉淀相、(梳齿状)块状沉淀相以及大量的亚稳过渡相。随时效时间的延长,生成长条状相,但基体中依然存在很多后析出的细小的弥散分布的粒状沉淀相。120℃×230 h时效处理后的微观组织中存在着蜂窝状组织,宽度为3～4 nm的长条状沉淀相,直径为5～7 nm的球状沉淀相;这些沉淀相的存在大大提高了合金的硬度。     

Mg-8Zn-1Cu-0.2Cr-0.5Ce-0.5Sb合金时效微观组织

利用HRTEM研究了复合添加Cr、Ce和Sb的Mg-8Zn-1Cu合金的时效微观组织。结果表明：在160 ℃经8 h时效的实验合金时效初期存在较高的硬化速率,其微观组织中存在层错和位错等缺陷,Moiré条纹,与基体共格且无明显边界的短杆状预沉淀相和在三叉晶界交合处析出的沉淀相;经20 h时效处理后达到峰值硬度945 MPa,其微观组织中存在大量短杆状-MgZn2相,块状-MgZn2相和粒状沉淀相;经48 h时效处理后,其微观组织中存在大量沿[0001]α方向生长的长条状沉淀相和弥散分布的粒状沉淀相,与Mg-8Zn-1Cu合金相比长条状沉淀相的尺寸明显减小     

锌镁含量对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu高强铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用硬度测试、室温拉伸性能测试、光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜等方法研究了锌镁元素含量对Al-3Zn-4.5Mg-1Cu、Al-4Zn-3.5Mg-1Cu和Al-4.5Zn-3.5Mg-1Cu 3种高强铝合金挤压棒材的显微组织、时效硬化行为和力学性能的影响。结果表明,Al-4.5Zn-3.5Mg-1Cu合金的时效硬化效果最显著,经120℃×24 h时效后维氏硬度达183 HV3,抗拉强度达617 MPa,屈服强度为590 MPa,伸长率为10.2%。Zn元素含量或Zn/Mg比值升高增加了时效时沉淀强化相的密度,减小了其尺寸,从而提高了强化效果。     

Zn及固溶时效对Mg-4Al-2Ca合金组织和性能的影响

通过Mg-4Al-2Ca-xZn系镁合金的设计,研究添加不同含量的Zn对合金微观组织及力学性能的影响。分析得出,铸态Mg-4Al-2Ca合金组织主要由α-Mg、β-Mg17Al12相和少量Al2Ca相组成;当合金中添加2%、4%和6%的Zn后,随着Zn含量的增加合,金的初生相α-Mg变化明显,合金组织中Al2Ca相增加,形成了Mg32(Al,Zn)49相、MgZn相和少量Mg5Zn2Al2化合物;在Zn含量为6%时,合金的初生相α-Mg细化明显,且具有等轴状形态。在时效时间相同的情况下,Zn元素的增加使α-Mg相细化,在相界处析出相减少。经过340℃保温20 h固溶后,在180℃进行一系列的时效处理结果的分析表明,时效72 h时,Mg-4Al-2Ca-xZn(x=0,2,4,6)合金的硬度都达到最大值,分别为72.9、75.1、80.7和83.9 HB,硬度值随Zn含量的增加而增大。     

时效时间对Mg-8Al-1Zn-3Ca合金组织及力学性能的影响

通过合金制备、微观分析和力学性能测试等方法研究了不同时效时间对Mg-8Al-1Zn-3Ca合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,经过适当的时效处理后,Mg-8Al-1Zn-3Ca合金的组织明显细化,β(Mg17A12)相减少,并析出粒状的化合物Al4Ca、Al2Ca和Al-Ca.随着时效时间的延长,在室温下,合金的抗拉强度呈先升后降的趋势,而伸长率正好相反.当时效时间在36h,合金的室温强度达到最大值,其值为195MPa,而对应的伸长率是3.25%.     

T4和T6热处理对Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr合金组织和硬度的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和显微硬度仪等研究了T4和T6热处理对Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr镁合金显微组织及硬度的影响。结果表明:Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr镁合金经T4热处理之后,网状结构的β-Ca2Mg6Zn3相逐渐分解并转变为不规则的团聚的块状结构,MgZn2相逐渐溶解于α-Mg基体中,硬度比铸态时显著提高,达到63.87 HV;经过不同时间的T6热处理之后,MgZn2相从α-Mg基体中重新析出,球状的Mg2Ca中间化合物均匀的分布于晶粒内且发生明显长大。随着时效时间的延长,MgZn2相增多,对位错的钉扎增强,合金的硬度提高,在"峰时效"时的硬度达到64.97 HV。410℃×24 h固溶处理后150℃×8 h时效处理为Mg-2.5Zn-1.5Ca-0.22Zr镁合金的最佳热处理工艺。     

锌镁元素含量对新型Al-Mg-Zn合金组织和力学性能的影响

采用硬度实验、室温拉伸实验、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了锌镁含量对Al-6Mg-3Zn、Al-6Mg-4Zn和Al-7Mg-4Zn合金时效硬化行为、力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果显示:Al-Mg-Zn合金水冷淬火后进行人工时效时会产生时效硬化效果,其中人工时效硬化效果最好的是Al-7Mg-4Zn,峰值时效后板材硬度达182 HV3,屈服强度达529MPa,抗拉强度为580 MPa,伸长率为10.5%。3种合金经120℃×24 h时效后沉淀强化相为η'相,锌镁元素含量的增加,降低了合金的时效态组织再结晶分数,同时使得沉淀强化相的尺寸减小、弥散程度增加,最终使合金具有较高的强度。     

Al5TiB、RE对Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.3Mn合金显微组织和时效过程的影响

研究Al5TiB、RE对Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.3Mn铸造镁合金显微组织、时效过程的影响.结果表明:加入Al5TiB的Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.3Mn合金的显微组织主要由Mg相、φ(Al2Mg5Zn2)相、τ(Mg32(Al,Zn)49)相组成.晶粒大小可由120～130 μm减少到30～40 μm.加入RE的Mg-8Zn-4Al-0.3Mn-xRE合金的显微组织主要由Mg相、φ(Al2Mg5Zn2)相、τ(Mg32(Al,Zn)49)相和Mg3Al4Zn2RE相组成.晶粒大小由120～130 μm减少到40～50 μm.合金的显微硬度值随RE加入量的增加而增加.随着Ti元素在合金中含量的增加,合金的析出相形成激活能呈先增大后减小的变化规律,而含RE元素合金的析出相形成激活能则随RE元素加入量的增大而增大.     

Sn和Ca对ZA62合金组织稳定性的影响

采用金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和硬度测试等手段研究了Sn、Ca合金化Mg-6Zn-2Al合金在200℃长时间退火过程中的组织演变行为和硬度变化规律.Sn合金化ZA62合金由α-Mg固溶体、MgZn离异共晶和Mg2Sn析出相组成.在长时间退火过程中,含Sn的ZA62合金没有发生明显的晶粒长大,也没有析出新相.由于MgZn相和Mg2Sn相的析出,合金硬度-时间曲线上出现两个峰值.随着退火时间的进一步延长,Mg2Sn相聚集长大,导致合金硬度有所下降.微量Ca的加入可以加快MgZn相和Mg2Sn相的析出过程,抑制其聚集长大,使合金硬度值在长时间退火过程中保持较高的水平,因而Mg-6Zn-2Al-3Sn-0.2Ca合金具有很高的组织稳定性.     

Microstructures and properties of rapidly solidified Mg-Zn-Ca alloys

Ternary alloys based on the Mg-Zn-Ca system were produced by twin-roll rapid solidification.The alloys were characterized by OM,SEM,HRTEM,XRD,EDS and Micro-hardness.The results show that the rapidly solidified flakes are of fine dendritic cell structures with the cell size ranging from 1 to 5μm.The Mg-6Zn-5Ca alloy in RS and annealing(200℃for 1 h) states are mainly composed ofα-Mg,Mg_2Ca,Ca_2Mg_6Zn_3 and a small quantity of Mg_(51)Zn_(20),MgZn_2 and Mg_2Zn_3.Micro-hardness increases with the increment of...     

固溶-时效对新型高强高淬透性热挤压Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金组织与性能的影响

采用力学性能测试、金相观察（OM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微分析（TEM）研究了固溶-时效工艺对Al-6. 6Zn-1. 8Mg-0. 24Cu-0. 23Mn-0. 21Zr（wt%,7046A）合金挤压板带显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:合金适宜的固溶-时效工艺为470℃×1 h固溶随后120℃×24 h人工时效。在此条件下,合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为570 MPa、532 MPa和10. 9%。T6态合金的物相组成为Al基固溶体、含Mn和Zr的初晶相以及3～5 nm的η’（MgZn₂）析出相,与此同时,晶界上析出η（MgZn₂）平衡相。合金的强化机制为固溶强化、亚结构强化和时效强化。      

Zn与Mg质量比对热挤压Al-Zn-Mg-Sc显微组织及力学性能的影响

制备了Al-2Mg-0.4Sc、Al-5Mg-0.4Sc、Al-5Mg-2Zn-0.4Sc和Al-5Zn-2Mg-0.4Sc等4种合金并在350℃进行热挤压,通过光学显微镜(OM),X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、室温拉伸测试,研究了Zn/Mg比对于Al-Zn-Mg-Sc合金组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,Zn/Mg比的提高对于铸态晶粒具有细化作用,挤压后发生动态再结晶,晶粒尺寸显著减小,但挤压态晶粒尺寸并未随Zn/Mg比的提高而减小。另一方面,Zn/Mg比的提高使Mg32(Al,Zn)49第二相数量增加,且呈现更明显的网状结构。挤压态Al-Zn-Mg-Sc合金屈服强度随Zn/Mg比的提高而提升,主要由于大量Al3Sc粒子与碎化的第二相呈网状分布于晶界,使第二相强化起到主导作用。     

MICROSTRUCTURES AND PROPERTIES OF RECIPROCATINGLY EXTRUDED Mg-6.4Zn-1.IY ALLOYS

An icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystalline phase can be produced in Mg-Zn-Y system alloys when a proper amount of Zn and Y is contained, and it is feasible to prepare the quasicrystal phase-reinforced low-density magnesium alloy. In this article, phase constituents and the effect of reciprocating extrusion on microstructures and properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy are analyzed. The microstructure of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy consists of the a-Mg solid solution, icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystal, and Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds. After the alloy was reciprocatingly extruded for four passes, grains were refined, Mg3 Y2 Zn3 and MgZn2 phases dissolved into the matrix, whereas, Mg3YZn6 precipitated and distributed uniformly. The alloy possesses the best performance at this state; the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 323.4 MPa, 258.2 MPa, and 19.7%, respectively. In comparison with that of the as-cast alloy, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the reciprocatingly extruded alloy increase by 258.3%, 397.5%, and 18 times, respectively. It is concluded that reciprocating extrusion can substantially improve the properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy, particularly for elongation. The high performance of the Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy after reciprocating extrusion can be attributed to dispersion strengthening and grain-refined microstructures.     

Microstructures and Properties of Reciprocatingly Extruded Mg-6.4Zn-1.1Y Alloys

An icosahedral Mg3 YZn6 quasicrystalline phase can be produced in Mg-Zn- Y system alloys when a proper amount of Zn and Y is contained, and it is feasible to prepare the quasicrystal phase-reinforced low-density magnesium alloy. In this article, phase constituents and the effect of reciprocating extrusion on microstructures and properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy are analyzed. The microstructure of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy consists of the α-Mg solid solution, icosahedral Mg3YZn6 quasicrystal, and Mg3 Y2Zn3 and MgZn2 compounds. After the alloy was reciprocatingly extruded for four passes, grains were refined, Mg3 Y2 Zn3 and MgZn2 phases dissolved into the matrix, whereas, Mg3 YZn6 precipitated and distributed uniformly. The alloy possesses the best performance at this state; the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation are 323.4 MPa, 258.2 MPa, and 19.7%, respectively. In comparison with that of the as-cast alloy, the tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the reciprocatingly extruded alloy increase by 258.3%, 397.5%, and 18 times, respectively. It is concluded that reciprocating extrusion can substantially improve the properties of the as-cast Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy, particularly for elongation. The high performance of the Mg-6.4Zn-1.1 Y alloy after reciprocating extrusion can be attributed to dispersion strengthening and grain-refined microstructures.     

Microstructure and creep properties of Mg-4Al-2Sn-1 （Ca,Sr） alloys

The effects of Ca and Sr addition on the microstructure and creep properties of Mg-4Al-2Sn alloys were examined.Tensile tests at 25℃ and 200℃ and creep tests at 150℃ and 200℃ were carried out to estimate the room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties of these alloys.The microstructure of the Mg-4Al-2Sn alloy showed dendriticα-Mg,Mg17Al12 and Mg2Sn phases.The latter two phases precipitated along the grain boundaries.The addition of Ca and Sr resulted in the formation of ternary CaMgSn and SrMgSn phases within the grain.The grain size was reduced slightly with the addition of Sr and Ca.The tensile strength was decreased by the addition of Ca and Sr at room temperature.However,the high temperature tensile strength was increased.The creep strength was improved by the addition of Ca and Sr.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of ZA62 based magnesium alloys with calcium addition

As-cast microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-6Zn-2Al-0.3Mn (ZA62) alloys with calcium addition were investigated.The as-cast microstructure of the base alloy ZA62 consists of the α-Mg matrix and eutectic phase Mg51Zn20.The Mg51Zn20 eutectic was gradually replaced by MgZn phase and Mg32(Al,Zn)49 phase when calcium is added into the base alloy.Further addition of calcium leads to the increase of grain boundary phases and formation of a new quaternary Mg-Zn-Al-Ca eutectic compound.In comparison with the base alloy,the increase of calcium addition to the base alloy results in the reduction of both strength and ductility at ambient temperature,but increase at elevated temperatures due to the thermal stability of Ca-containing phases.At elevated temperatures,the creep resistance of ZA62 based alloys containing calcium is significantly higher than that of AZ91 which is the most commonly used magnesium alloy.