静水压力对触变挤压C_(sf)/AZ91D复合材料变形及纤维取向的影响（英文）

在触变挤压过程中,通过施加静水压力(即背压)可以有效地控制纤维取向,从而改善短纤维增强复合材料的机械性能。实验研究了有、无背压情况下C_(sf)/AZ91D复合材料触变挤压过程中变形场及纤维取向变化规律。基于流函数法获得了C_(sf)/AZ91D复合材料触变挤压过程中的等效应变速率。结合图像处理技术,对挤压后纤维取向角度度进行了统计分析,探讨了背压对塑性变形区尺寸,塑性变形区内应变速率的分布以及纤维取向角度的影响。结果表明,不施加背压(WBP)情况下,从坯料外壁到心部存在明显的等效应变速率梯度,在相同位置,纤维取向角度与等效应变速率几乎成正比关系,而施加背压(BP)提高了坯料充填模具外侧拐角的能力,使得坯料横截面上等效应变速率梯度变小,分布更加均匀,纤维取向角度也更加一致。研究结果对于调控C_(sf)/AZ91D复合材料的塑性变形具有重要的指导意义。     

真空浸渗C_(sf)/AZ91D复合材料的高温变形行为与机理

采用真空辅助压力浸渗法短切碳纤维增强镁基复合材料(Csf/AZ91D),在变形温度为400~490℃、应变速率为0.001~0.1s-1、最大变形量为50%的条件下,研究了Csf/AZ91D复合材料的高温压缩塑性变形行为,观察了复合材料变形前后的微观组织,通过与基体镁合金对比探讨了镁基复合材料高温塑性变形机理。结果表明,复合材料在高温压缩过程中碳纤维发生了显著的偏转和折断,致使复合材料的应变软化现象较镁合金更为明显;短碳纤维细化了基体组织并增加了界面数量,使得复合材料表现出较高的应变速率敏感性;短碳纤维和晶界对基体强化作用随变形温度升高而减弱,而复合材料应力水平随变形温度增加而显著降低,表现出比镁合金更高的表观变形激活能。     

SiCp/2024 复合材料棒材半固态挤压数值模拟

SiCp/2024复合材料棒材半固态挤压是一个典型的半固态触变成形过程,尤其对高固相分数(～60%),更接近于塑性加工中超塑性变形机制.对其加工过程进行了数值模拟,以便揭示高固相体积分数半固态触变成性的规律.研究表明稳态触变挤压的关键是在于保证压力下速度与半固态坯料的凝固速度相协调,只有当变形区坯料保持在固相分数较高固-液态或刚凝固完状态时,才能实现稳态的触变挤压过程;随着挤压温度的升高,挤压力减小其等效应力、等效应变值更均匀,且等效应力减小;随着摩擦系数的减小,平均拉应力值减小.     

AZ91镁合金等通道转角挤压有限元分析

以AZ91镁合金为研究对象,建立了等通道转角挤压三维模型。运用DEFORM-3D有限元软件进行了模拟,分析了温度和摩擦条件对AZ91等通道转角挤压过程中的等效应变、挤压力的影响。结果表明:试样在两通道转角处的变形较剧烈;随着温度的升高,等通道转角挤压所需要的最大挤压力变小;摩擦系数越大,等效应变变化梯度越大,塑性变形均匀性越低。     

SiCP/AZ61复合材料触变铸造的有限元模拟

采用DEFORM3D软件对SiCP/AZ61复合材料汽车中间轴螺塞触变铸造过程进行了数值模拟,分析了汽车中间轴螺塞材料的流动规律,着重研究了冲头速度和SiC颗粒体积分数对其触变铸造成形过程的影响, 并进行了相应的触变铸造工艺试验研究.结果表明,在相同的成形工艺条件下,SiCP/AZ61复合材料汽车中间轴螺塞的等效应力随着SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而增大;而冲头速度的提高,使得其等效应力明显增大,等效应变分布更均匀.     

B_4C_P/6063Al板材等应变速率挤压模具优化

针对B_4C_P/6063Al基复合材料伸长率低、塑性变形困难的特点,设计出适用于B_4C_P/6063Al板材的等应变速率挤压模具。基于热压缩模拟试验结果建立材料的本构方程。利用Deform-3D软件对采用所设计的等应变速率挤压模具和传统挤压模具的挤压过程分别进行有限元模拟,对比研究了采用两种模具时挤压过程中的坯料应力场、温度场以及坯料流动性。结果表明:采用等应变速率挤压模具较传统挤压模具所需最大拉应力减小了28. 5%,坯料在模具出口处的温度升高了0. 6%,模具出口的金属流速均匀性提高了44%。模拟结果表明,等应变速率挤压模具较传统挤压模具,更利于B_4C_P/6063Al板材成形。     

SiC_p/AZ61复合材料的触变压缩变形研究

利用Thermecmastor-Z热模机对通过搅熔铸造-半固态等温热处理方法制备出的SiCp/AZ61复合材料半固态坯料进行触变压缩试验。分析了应变速率、变形温度以及SiC颗粒体积分数对压缩应力的影响。研究表明,SiCp/AZ61复合材料在半固态条件下的流动应力对变形温度和应变速率敏感,变形温度低,应变速率大,流动应力高。SiC颗粒增强相体积分数越大,流动应力越大。     

基于Deform-3D不同背压等通道转角挤压的计算机仿真

通过Deform-3D有限元分析软件对不同背压辅助下7075铝合金的ECAE挤压过程进行了数值模拟,分析了转角处平均应力的分布。结果表明:随着背压的增加,挤压过程所需的变形力大幅增加,对挤压设备和模具的要求更高;随着材料在通道转角处所受的静水压力增加,材料的塑性变形程度提高,对晶粒的细化效果较好;由于材料在转角处的等效应变速率趋于集中,分布更均匀,因而塑性变形更接近理想的纯剪切变形;等效应变分布规律变化不大。     

灵活触变挤压A356铝合金的数值模拟

提出了一种新型的三维变截面复杂零件的近净成形方法——灵活触变挤压。运用有限元模拟软件DEFORM-3D对其成形过程进行了数值模拟,得到了成形过程中坯料的流动速度场、等效应变场和挤压杆的压力-行程曲线,分析了坯料在成形过程中的流动规律、应变分布状况和挤压力随挤压行程的变化情况。模拟结果表明,采用灵活触变挤压成形三维变截面复杂零件是可行的。灵活触变挤压与普通挤压相比,在零件成形质量方面具有明显的优势。     

AZ91D镁合金棒材挤压过程的数值模拟研究

通过Gleeble-1500D热模拟机获得AZ91D镁合金的应力应变曲线。采用刚塑性有限元法对AZ91D镁合金棒材挤压过程进行热力耦合数值模拟,分析了变形温度与挤出速度对挤压力和等效应变变化情况的影响。模拟的结果表明：在25∶1的挤压比下AZ91D镁合金的挤压温度为400℃,挤出速度为12.5 mm/s。     

原位合成TiC_p/AZ91D镁基复合材料的高温流变行为

采用原位合成法制备了TiCp/AZ91D镁基复合材料,研究了其高温流变行为。结果表明,铸态TiCp/AZ91D镁基复合材料在高温压缩变形过程中存在稳态流变特征,流变应力随着温度的升高和应变速率的降低而降低。在较低温度范围内,TiC颗粒强化效果明显。随着温度的升高,增强相对基体AZ91D镁合金的增强效果逐渐消失。     

Fabrication of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced AZ91D Alloy by Infiltration-Extrusion Integrated Technique

Short carbon fiber reinforced AZ91D alloy (Csf/AZ91D) was fabricated by the infiltration-extrusion method. The short carbon fiber preform was infiltrated with melted AZ91D alloy under the assistant of gas pressure. The extrusion processing was applied following the infiltration processing directly. The tensile property and microstructure of the Csf/AZ91D and that of the die-casting and extruded AZ91D alloy was compared. The results show that the short carbon fiber reinforced AZ91D alloy present excellent te...     

Influence of extrusion temperature on deformation behavior of Csf/AZ91D composite during semi-solid extrusion

Deformation behavior and formability of C_sf/AZ91D magnesium composite were investigated by semi-solid extrusion between 695 K and 728 K, including temperatures below and above the partial melting temperature. A method of constructing kinematically admissible velocity fields for axisymmetric extrusion based on the theory of flow function was proposed. Flow lines were analyzed in C_sf/AZ91D composite after extrusion at elevated temperatures. Based on an analytic flow function, the deformation field was obtained. The results show that when the composite is extruded in a semi-solid state containing a small volume of liquid, the presence of the liquid reduces deformation resistance by relaxing the stress concentrations, and improves the formability of composites as lubricant. However, the gradient of velocity field is increased and deformation uniformity is aggravated at temperatures greater than partial melting point at 701.3 K. A more uniform deformation field was attained at the temperature close to or slightly below the partial melting temperature.     

Thermal expansion and dimensional stability of unidirectional and orthogonal fabric M40/AZ91D composites

Unidirectional (60%, volume fraction) and orthogonal (50%, volume fraction) M40 graphite fibre reinforced AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix composites were fabricated by pressure infiltration method. The coefficients of thermal expansion (in the temperature range of 20-350 ℃) and dimensional stability (in the temperature range of 20-150 ℃) of the composites and the corresponding AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix were measured. The results show that coefficients of thermal expansion of the composites in longitudinal direction decrease with elevating temperature. The coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) for unidirectional M40/AZ91D composites and orthogonal M40/AZ91D composites are 1.24×10-6 ℃-1 and 5.71×10-6 ℃-1 at 20 ℃, and 0.85×10-6 ℃-1 and 2.75×10-6 ℃-1 at 350 ℃, respectively, much lower than those of the AZ91D alloy matrix. Thermal cycling testing demonstrates that the thermal stress plays an important role on residual deformation. Thus, a better dimensional stability is obtained for the AZ91D magnesium alloy matrix composites. More extreme strain hysteresis and residual plastic deformation are observed in orthogonally fabric M40 reinforced AZ91D composite, but its net residual strain after each cycle is similar to that of the unidirectional M40/AZ91D composite.     

原位反应自发渗透法TiC／AZ91D镁基复合材料及AZ91D镁合金的拉伸变形与断裂行为

利用原位反应自发渗透技术合成了47．5％碳化钛TiC（体积分数，下同）增强AZ91D镁基复合材料，对比研究了该复合材料与铸态镁合金AZ91D基体的室温与高温拉伸变形行为，观察了拉伸断口微观组织形貌，并分析了这两种材料的断裂特征。结果表明，TiC／Mg复合材料具有良好的高温力学性能，在拉伸变形速率为0．001s^-1以及温度为723K，时其拉伸强度可达91．1MPa，而此时相同变形条件下的铸态AZ91D镁合金拉伸断裂强度只有41．1MPa，增幅达120％。而在室温下，镁基复合材料的拉伸断裂强度仅高出基体铸态镁合金23．4％。镁基复合材料的断裂应变较低，高低温时均表现为脆性断裂；而镁合金则由室温下的脆性断裂向高温下的韧性断裂过渡。     

TiC/AZ91D镁基复合材料高温压缩变形行为

利用自发渗透原位合成法制备了不同体积分数的TiC增强AZ91D镁基复合材料,研究了不同压缩应变速率以及不同变形温度下复合材料的热变形行为,计算分析了不同温度下应变速率敏感指数(m)和表观激活能(Q)与TiC含量的关系．结果表明：TiC／AZ91D复合材料压缩流变应力随TiC含量的增加而升高;TiC含量相同时,流变应力随温度升高或初始应变速率减小而降低．m值随变形温度升高而增大;变形温度以及压缩应变速率相同时,m值随TiC含量升高而增大．Q值依赖于温度、应变速率和TiC含量及其分布,不同条件下其高温变形机制有所差异．     

TiC/AZ91D composites fabricated by in situ reactive infiltration process and its tensile deformation

1 Introduction Relative to aluminum matrix composites, magnesium-matrix composites are receiving interests increasingly in recent years due to their low densities and high specific properties. They are potentially attractive for the applications in aeros…     

半固态镁合金AZ91D变形行为研究

对应变诱发法制得的半固态镁合金AZ91D坯料进行了单向压缩实验,研究了不同工艺参数对半固态镁合金的压缩流变应力的影响。流变应力不仅是变形量和变形温度的函数,而且是应变速率的函数,由此采用回归分析法建立了能综合反映热力参数对流变应力影响的半固态AZ91D合金的粘塑性本构方程,为半固态触变成形的数值模拟奠定了理论基础。     

The high strain rate compressive response of Mg-Al alloy/fly Ash cenosphere composites

The strain rate dependence of mechanical properties of AZ91D alloy composites filled with 5 wt.% hollow fly ash cenosphere is examined in the strain rate range of 630–1,203 s⁻¹ using a split-Hopkinson pressure bar system. In addition, a test scheme is designed to study the intermediate strain rate response of the material. Addition of fly ash caused grain refinement and finer precipitates in the matrix alloy. Compared to the matrix alloy, the energy absorption is higher in AZ91D/fly ash cenosphere composites at comparable strain rates. In addition, the yield strength is found to be about 19–41% higher in the composites containing fly ash cenospheres.     

Numerical simulation on thixoforging of electronic packaging shell with SiCp/A356 composites

Based on the research of modern electronic packaging materials, thixo-forming technology was used to fabricate electronic packaging shell. The process of thixo-extrusion with SiC_p/A356 composites was simulated by the finite element software DEFORM-3D, then the flow velocity field, equivalent strain field and temperature field were analyzed. The electronic packaging shell was manufactured by extrusion according to the results from numerical simulation. The results show that thixo-forming technology can be used in producing electronic package shell with SiC_p/A356 composites, and high volume fraction of SiC_p with homogeneous distribution can be achieved, being in agreement with the requirements of electronic packaging materials.