(Ti,Al)N涂层的微观组织和性能

采用EPMA、XRD、SEM、TEM、HR-TEM、EDX、纳米压痕、氧化实验和切削实验研究了磁控溅射在硬质合金基体上沉积TiN涂层和(Ti,Al)N涂层的微观组织结构和性能。结果表明:TiN涂层晶粒为喇叭口柱状晶,(Ti,Al)N涂层为面心立方平直柱状晶,由于固溶了Al元素,(Ti,A l)N涂层呈(200)面择优生长;(Ti,Al)N涂层在硬质合金基体上无外延生长;(Ti,Al)N涂层在800℃氧化后形成Al2O3/TiO2/(Ti,Al)N的分层结构;(Ti,Al)N涂层具有更高的硬度和更好的切削性能。     

(Ti,Al)N涂层的织构特征和切削性能研究

借助EPMA、XRD、SEM、EDX、纳米压痕和切削实验研究了采用磁控溅射在硬质合金基体上沉积的(Ti,Al)N涂层的微观组织结构和切削性能。研究表明:(Ti,Al)N涂层为面心立方的的平直的柱状晶;(Ti,Al)N涂层因其高的硬度和良好的抗氧化性能大大地提高切削寿命。     

高速钢钻头电火花沉积 Ti( C, N) /Al2O3 复合涂层的组织及切 削性能

目的在高速钢钻头表面电火花沉积Ti(C,N)/Al2O3复合涂层,以提高其切削性能。方法利用电火花沉积技术,以Ti(C,N)/Al2O3作为电极材料,在高速钢钻头表面制备Ti(C,N)/Al2O3涂层,考察涂层的物相组成、组织形貌及横截面硬度分布,并进行切削试验。结果涂层组织均匀,厚度约32~36μm,物相主要为C0.3N0.7Ti,Al2O3,AlTi3,Fe7W6,Fe4N,TiN和AlN,平均硬度是基体高速钢的2.6倍。结论在高速钢钻头表面制备Ti(C,N)/Al2O3涂层可以提高刀具的切削性能,延长其使用寿命。     

(Ti,Al)N梯度薄膜中的残余应力分析

采用电弧离子镀膜技术在1Cr11Ni2W2MoV不锈钢表面沉积了Ti1-xAlxN/Ti梯度薄膜.在700℃和800℃进行了高温氧化实验.对梯度薄膜常温和高温下的残余应力分布及薄膜和基体的结合状态进行了研究.研究结果表明,由于膜层是成分分别为Ti、TiN、Ti0.75 Al0.25 N、Ti0.6 Al0.4N和Ti0.5 Al0.5N梯度层组成,实现了成分和结构的梯度变化,各单层之间以及薄膜和基体之间的热膨胀系数不匹配程度降低,晶格错配度下降,薄膜中的残余应力降低;高温下,本征应力松弛,热应力转变为拉应力,薄膜和基体仍能维持较好的结合状态.     

TiN单层和TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层的结构和性能研究

借助XRD、SEM、纳米压痕和划痕仪研究了采用磁控溅射在硬质合金基体上沉积的TiN单层和TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层的组织结构和力学性能。研究表明:TiN与TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层的晶粒形貌均呈柱状晶结构,而TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层形成了TiN、Ti(C,N)交替的调制结构。由于界面强化作用,TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层表现出比TiN更高的硬度及与基体更好的结合力。     

脉冲偏压对（Ti，Al）N／TiN／（Ti，Al）N多层复合涂层成分和硬度的影响

采用脉冲偏压多弧离子镀技术在Hss-Al高速钢上涂镀（Ti,Al）N/TiN/（Ti,Al）N多层复合涂层。所用设备为复合八阵弧离子镀膜生长系统。简要介绍了多层复合膜的镀层工艺过程。鉴于复合涂层中的Al含量对涂层的性能特别是抗磨损性能有极重要的影响。实验中重点考察了脉冲偏压幅对Al含量的影响。同时测试了复合涂层的Vickers硬度与偏压幅值的关系。研究结果推出,随着脉冲偏压幅值的增加,涂层中Al含量先增加,然后减少,偏压幅值为-150V时,Al含量高达36.41at%,偏压幅与涂声能显微硬度的关系有相似的规律,在偏压幅值为-150V时,7层复合膜的Vickers硬度达2750MPa左右,10层复合膜的硬度约2880MPa。     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料基材上制备(Ti,Al)N涂层的研究

利用电弧离子镀技术在SiCp／2024Al基体上制备(Ti，Al)N涂层．研究了偏压对涂层的相组成、晶格常数和成分的影响及不同过渡层对涂层与基体结合性能的影响．结果表明，在较小偏压下，(Ti，Al)N涂层呈(111)择优取向；偏压在-150V时，涂层无择优取向；但随偏压继续升高，出现(200)和(220)择优取向．在添加Ti过渡层时，涂层与基体形成致密均匀的良好结合．同时通过设计梯度涂层，获得了厚度达105um的无裂纹(Ti，Al)N涂层．     

TiN/Ti(C,N)涂层的显微组织与力学性能

采用磁控溅射在TNMG120408型号的硬质合金刀片上沉积了TiN/Ti(C,N)单层与多层涂层,通过XRD、SEM、纳米压痕、划痕仪与冲击测试等方法,比较分析了TiN/Ti(C,N)涂层的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明,TiN单层涂层的晶粒形貌为典型的喇叭口结构,Ti(C,N)单层涂层为平直的柱状晶结构;而TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层为柱状晶结构,形成了TiN、Ti(C,N)交替排列的结构。TiN与Ti(C,N)单层涂层均呈(220)生长织构,而TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层呈(111)生长织构。Ti(C,N)单层涂层表现出较好的硬度,而TiN/Ti(C,N)多层涂层则表现出与基体更好的结合力。     

物理气相沉积(Ti,Al)N涂层刀具的切削性能

涂层已成为提高刀具切削性能的重要手段。对上海工具厂镀膜机制备的（Ti，Al）N涂层性能分析发现，其表面硬度达到32GPa，高于TiN的24GPa；同时，涂层表面生长良好。在试验室进行的干式切削试验表明，（Ti，Al）N涂层切削过程中磨损小于TiN涂层，切削寿命高于TN涂层；（Ti，Al）N涂层适合高速切削，分析了（Ti，Al）N涂层适合高速切削的主要原因。     

TaC含量对Ti(C,N)-18%Ni金属陶瓷基体及其CVD涂层组织、性能的影响

采用传统的粉末冶金方法制备了不同TaC含量Ti(C,N)-18Ni金属陶瓷,利用化学气相沉积技术在所制备的金属陶瓷基体上沉积TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiN多层复合涂层,通过不同的方法表征了基体和涂层的组织和力学性能。结果表明:TaC含量为6%时(质量分数,下同),金属陶瓷的晶粒细小且分布均匀,组织最为致密,表现出优异的机械性能。TaC的添加细化了金属陶瓷晶粒,为涂层生长提供了更多形核点,从而改变了涂层的组织和性能。基体中部分元素扩散到涂层中,改变了涂层的晶格常数。当TaC含量为6%时,涂层与金属陶瓷的结合力达到最大,为127.8 N。     

Microstructure and physical properties of PVD TiN/（Ti, Al）N multilayer coatings

Magnetron sputtered （Ti, Al） N monolayer and TiN/（Ti, Al） N multilayer coatings grown on cemented carbide substrates were studied by using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, nanoindentation, Rockwell A indentation test, strength measurements and cutting tests. The results show that the （Ti, Al）N monolayer and TiN/（Ti, Al）N multilayer coatings perform good affinity to substrate, and the TiN/（Ti, Al）N multilayer coating exhibits higher hardness, higher toughness and better cutting performance compared with the （Ti, Al）N monolayer coating. Moreover, the strength measurement indicates that the physical vapour deposition （PVD） coating has no effect on the substrate strength.     

TiN涂层电化学腐蚀行为研究Ⅱ.添加Al对TiN涂层保护性能与失效机制的影响

利用电化学方法以及扫描电镜 (SEM)、扫描隧道显微镜 (STM )技术等 ,研究了添加Al对离子镀TiN薄膜涂层在 0 5mol/LNaCl和 1mol/LH2 SO4溶液中的保护性能和失效机制的影响 ,发现铝的添加使TiN涂层在中性和酸性溶液中的耐蚀性能明显改善 .Al元素对TiN涂层具有自修复作用     

The electrochemical corrosion behavior of TiN and (Ti,Al)N coatings in acid and salt solution

In this study, the corrosion properties of TiN and (Ti,Al)N coatings fabricated by Hollow Cathode Ionic Plating (HCIP) were studied by electrochemical techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement and potentiodynamic measurement in acid and salt solution. It was found that both coatings showed an excellent corrosion resistance in acid and salt solutions at the beginning of long-term immersing test. The corrosion resistance of TiN coating deteriorated rapidly after nearly 100 h immersion in both acid and salt solutions. In the contrast, the corrosion rate of (Ti,Al)N coating decreased a little and then kept at a stable value. For the TiN coating, the corrosion initiated from pinholes and the underlying corrosion was very similar to pitting corrosion. With the addition of aluminum to the TiN coating, the corrosion resistance was improved, especially in salt solution. The test results demonstrated that the (Ti,Al)N coating seemed to posses certain self-repairing function. The corrosion mechanism took the form of denudation corrosion, owing to deterioration of the adhesion of the coating.     

多弧离子镀Ti-Al-Zr-Cr-N系双层膜的结构与力学性能

采用多弧离子镀技术和Ti-Al-Zr合金靶及Cr单质靶,在WC-8%Co硬质合金基体上制备了(Ti,Al,Zr)N/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N和Cr N/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N 2种四元双层氮化物膜。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析2种双层膜的微观组织、成分和结构;利用划痕仪和显微硬度计对比2种双层膜的力学性能。结果表明,获得的2种双层膜均具有B1-NaCl型的TiN面心立方结构;双层膜的组织均是典型的柱状晶结构;沉积偏压为–50~–200 V时,双层膜的力学性能均优于(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N单层膜,并与Ti-Al-Zr-Cr-N系梯度膜的力学性能相当,同时(Ti,Al,Zr)N/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N双层膜可获得更高的硬度(HV_(0.01)最高值为41 GPa),而CrN/(Ti,Al,Zr,Cr)N双层膜可获得更强的膜层与基体间结合力(所有值均大于200 N)。     

离子镀Ti（Al）N涂层的结构与耐蚀性

用空心阴极离子镀制备了Ｔｉ（Ａｌ）Ｎ和ＴｉＮ涂层,０．５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的Ｈ２ＳＯ４ 溶液中极化曲线结果表明,Ｔｉ（Ａｌ）Ｎ涂层的耐蚀性优于ＴｉＮ涂层。电子探针（ＥＰＭＡ）、Ｘ射 线衍射和扫描电镜等分析了Ｔｉ（Ａｌ）Ｎ涂层的元素分布特征及组织结构。     

A1含量对（Ti，A1）N薄膜抗氧化性能的影响

研究了Ａ１含量对（Ｔｉ，Ａ１）Ｎ薄膜高温抗氧化性能的影响，并与ＴｉＮ薄膜进行了对比试验．试验结果表明：（Ｔｉ，ＡＩ）Ｎ薄膜的抗氧化性能明显优于ＴｉＮ薄膜；随着薄膜中Ａ１含量的增加，薄膜的抗氧化能力得到改善，特别是当氧化温度≥８００℃后效果更为显著．这是因为（Ｔｉ，Ａ１）Ｎ薄膜在高温下氧化时，在薄膜表面形成的是稳定致密的Ａ１２Ｏ３的缘故．     

Mechanical Properties and Oxidation Behavior of a Graded (Ti,Al)N Coating Deposited by Arc-Ion Plating

A graded (Ti,Al)N coating was deposited on 1Cr–11Ni–2W–2Mo–V stainless steel for aero-engine compressor blades by arc-ion plating(AIP). The microstructure and the morphology of the graded coating were investigated using electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray diffraction and scanning-electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the graded coating were investigated and it was found that the microhardness and the wear resistance were similar to those of the monolithic (Ti,Al)N coating, but much better than those of a homogenous TiN coating. In addition, the adhesive strength and the thermal-shock resistance of the graded (Ti,Al)N coating were much better than those of the monolithic TiN and (Ti,Al)N coatings. The oxidation tests were performed at 600 and 700°C in air for 500 hr, and corrosion tests were carried out at 600°C under the synergistic effect of water vapor and NaCl for 20 hr. Compared to pure TiN, it was found that due to the incorporation of aluminum, a protective layer rich in alumina was formed on top of the graded (Ti,Al)N coating, which greatly improved the oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating.     

Ti—Al—N薄膜的性能及应用

利用多弧离子沉积技术在W18Cr4V高速钢表面沉积（Ti,Al）薄膜,实验结果表明（Ti,Al）N薄膜的硬度和抗氧化性能明显优于TiN薄膜,（Ti,Al）N膜层刀具的寿命大大高于TiN膜层刀具。