19芯MgB2/NbCu/Monel超导线材的制备及性能研究

为了提高多芯MgB₂超导线材的强度并避免加工过程中的断芯、断线现象,实验中采用强度较高的梦乃尔合金(Monel 400)作为外包套材料,以原位法粉末装管工艺(in situ PIT)制备了19芯导体结构的多芯MgB₂超导线材。二次集束组装后的多芯复合线材通过拉拔、轧制和中间退火热处理相结合的方法从Φ25 mm加工到Φ1.0 mm。对加工过程不同阶段的多芯复合线材进行了微观结构分析,发现多芯线材中MgB₂芯丝分布较为规整,Nb阻隔层表面较为光滑,未出现明显破损现象。最终Φ1.0 mm的多芯线材中MgB₂超导芯丝的平均直径约为100 μm。热处理后MgB₂线材的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别达到396 MPa和200 MPa。MgB₂线材的临界电流密度在4.2 K、4 T时达到1.23×10₅ A.cm_-2。     

高强高导Cu-Nb微观复合材料的尺寸效应

高强度高电导Cu-Nb微观复合材料具有纳米结构的Nb芯丝和纯Cu层,材料的尺寸效应促使力学性能呈规律变化。通过不同线材尺寸的应力应变曲线测试研究了材料强度随内部Nb芯丝尺寸的变化规律,通过纳米压痕手段分析了材料弹性模量和纳米压痕值随随材料尺寸的变化特征。结果表明,材料的强度实测值远大于混合定律计算的理论值,且随Nb芯丝尺寸的减小强度呈指数增加,Nb芯丝纳米硬度值也随尺寸的减小显著增加。与电子自由程相关的界面电子散射作用是影响材料电导的主要因素。     

Cu-18 vol%Nb复合材料的热稳定性（英文）

采用集束拉拔技术制备出应用于高脉冲磁场绕组材料的高强度和高导电性Cu-18vol%Nb复合线材(873~3芯)。通过XRD、SEM和TEM对线材样品微观组织,力学性能及磁化曲线进行表征。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,Nb(110)衍射峰的强度先减弱后增强锐,同时观察到了Nb芯丝显著的球化和粗化现象。最后探讨了材料微观结构变化对Cu-Nb复合材料力学性能和磁性能影响的微观机理。     

原位粉末装管法37芯MgB2线材的制备及性能研究

传统的Cu包套原位粉末装管法(in situ PIT)制备多芯MgB₂超导线材时,易于出现断芯、断线现象。针对一问题,本实验中以强度较高的梦乃尔合金(Monel 400)作为包套材料,以旋锻、拉拔、轧制及中间热处理相结合的加工手段成功的制备出直径Φ1.0 mm、37芯结构的多芯MgB₂超导长线材。微观结构分析表明多芯线材中MgB₂芯丝及替换芯丝等亚组元的分布较为规整,阻隔层未出现明显破损现象,最终线材中MgB₂超导芯丝的平均直径约80 μm。室温拉伸性能显示热处理前MgB₂线材的屈服强度为759 MPa,热处理后的线材为248 MPa。4.2 K、4 T下,线材的临界电流密度J_c达到2.31×10^₅ A.cm^_-2,工程临界电流密度达到3.16×10^₄ A.cm^_-2。     

不同包套石墨烯掺杂MgB2线材的超导性能研究

分别采用Fe和Nb作为阻隔层包套材料,通过原位粉末装管法工艺(in-situ PIT)制备出石墨烯掺杂的MgB₂/Fe(Nb)/Cu线材和Nb包套未掺杂的MgB₂单芯线材。在高纯氩气保护下、670~800 ℃保温2 h热处理线材。X-ray衍射显示,670 ℃热处理的线材主相均为MgB₂超导相,其中Fe包套线材的MgB₂相中含有Fe₂B杂相。三种线材的微观结构显示,未掺杂线材基体中的孔洞相对较大,而石墨烯掺杂的Fe、Nb包套线材晶粒之间的孔洞相对较小。线材样品的拉伸性能结果显示,热处理前由于加工硬化,三种线材的拉伸应变值远远低于热处理后的拉伸应变值,其中铁包套线材的硬化最为严重,但无论是否热处理,Fe包套样品的强度都是最大的。四引线法传输性能测试显示,670 ℃热处理Nb包套掺杂线材的临界电流密度(J_c)在4.2 k,2 T、4 T、6 T范围内均高于Fe包套掺杂线材的J_c,石墨烯掺杂线材(Nb、Fe包套)在2 T具有更好的传输性能,Nb包套掺杂线材的J_c最高可达到4.5×10₅A/cm₂。大于4 T后,两种包套的掺杂线材的J_c均低于未掺杂的线材,Fe包套样品的超导性能降低更大,显示其掺杂未全部进入晶格,导致在高场失去了磁通钉扎作用。     

Cu-Nb复合线材在形变与退火过程中显微结构演变的研究

采用SEM和TEM,对不同形变量及退火温度下的Cu-Nb微观复合线材的显微组织结构进行了分析,并对形变和退火试样进行了硬度测试.结果表明:随着形变量增大,材料界面密度及其增加速率逐渐增大.当材料结构达到纳米尺寸时(应变=24.8),界面密度及其增加速率显著增加,使得硬度及其增加速率明显增大,同时伴随有纳米Cu基体内部层错和旋转晶界的产生.退火过程中Cu基体的显微组织变化表现出明显的多尺度效应,其变化可分为3个阶段:微米及亚微米Cu基体先发生回复再结晶,而纳米Cu基体回复再结晶受到抑制;纳米Cu基体回复再结晶;Nb丝球化及长大.     

Nd(FeTiNb)12N/α-Fe纳米复相永磁材料微观组织与磁性能

采用真空电弧熔炼和熔体快淬工艺分别制备了化学成分为Nd(FeTi)₁₂/ɑ-Fe与Nd(FeTiNb)₁₂/ɑ-Fe合金薄带,研究添加Nb元素以及不同氮化温度对合金微观组织和磁性能的影响。结果表明：Nb元素的添加可显著细化晶粒尺寸,同时提高了合金的非晶形成率。合金薄带经过晶化退火与渗氮处理后,磁性能有明显升高。Nd(FeTiNb)₁₂N/ɑ-Fe薄带的磁性能在渗氮温度为500 ℃时达到最佳,此时的剩磁(Br)和矫顽力(Hcj)分别为21.9 emu/g和700 Oe。     

退火温度对冷拔钢丝织构与性能的影响

采用精确的线材织构测定方法分析了冷拔钢丝在450、550和650 ℃退火过程中织构变化,并采用光学显微镜和显微硬度计研究了此过程中钢丝的显微组织和显微硬度。 结果表明：冷拔钢丝在不同温度下退火过程中,随着退火温度的升高,显微组织由纤维状转变为等轴晶,硬度显著下降;不同温度退火后的织构与拉拔态的织构类型相同,以<110>丝织构为主,且沿着线材径向呈现一定梯度分布。 但是随着退火温度的升高,<110>丝织构强度下降。另外,退火过程中,冷拔钢丝的硬度与<110>丝织构强度具有相似的变化趋势。     

退火温度对双相纤维复合Cu-12%Ag合金织构的影响

采用强拉拔应变制备了双相纤维复合Cu-12%Ag(质量分数)合金线材,并在不同温度下退火,研究了退火温度对该合金两相中晶体织构强度和分布的影响.随着退火温度升高到400℃,Cu相中(111)织构强度降低而〈100〉强度上升,Ag相中〈111〉强度变化不明显;退火温度高于400℃后,两相中的织构强度均有所增加.在较低的退火温度下,应变形成的Ag相织构稳定性高于Cu相.在退火过程中,相界面迁移,复合组织的聚集、纤维相的球化及等轴晶粒的粗化等仅导致形变织构分量相对强度的变化而形成退火织构,因而退火织构的组成与形变织构的组成相同.     

Mg-8.07Al-0.53Zn-1.36Nd轧制镁合金热处理过程中静态沉淀、再结晶及织构演变研究

采用SEM、EBSD、EDS等测试方法对不同热处理温度下Mg-8.07Al-0.53Zn-1.36Nd镁合金微观组织及织构进行表征。结果表明：热处理后的合金主要由α-Mg基体、β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂沉淀以及含Nd化合物组成。400℃以下热处理后的合金中存在β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂沉淀析出区域和无析出区域双峰组织,主要沿变形带和孪晶界面析出的大量纳米级颗粒状β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂沉淀先于α-Mg基体静态再结晶的形成。升高退火温度,β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂数量变少,稀土相尺寸数量未有明显变化,双峰组织中的β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂沉淀无析出区域优先发生静态再结晶,这表明沉淀颗粒能够延缓静态再结晶。400℃热处理后的合金中β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂沉淀溶解、数量显著减少,镁基体发生完全再结晶且再结晶晶粒明显长大。EBSD结果显示,热处理后的实验合金织构主要以弱化的基面织构为主,并伴有部分非基面织构,400℃以下热处理的合金中,数量较多的β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂沉淀对弱化基面织构具有重要作用。随着热处理温度的升高,合金中位错密度下降,主要织构组分由{0001}<10-10>形变织构向{0001}<11-20>再结晶织构转变。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.