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采用超声活化对原材料Li2CO3和TiO2进行预处理,并采用二步煅烧方法制备Li4Ti5O12材料。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和电池充放电测试仪研究二步煅烧条件对材料结构、形貌及电化学性能的影响,并得到二步煅烧的最佳工艺。结果表明:采用600℃预烧温度制备的材料具有较高的纯度和结晶度;800℃高温煅烧温度下制备的Li4Ti5O12材料具有均一分散的颗粒结构;超声活化制备Li4Ti5O12的最佳煅烧工艺是600℃预烧8 h后800℃高温煅烧10 h,制备的材料在0.1C倍率下首次放电容量达170.6 mA.h/g,0.2C倍率下20次循环后的放电比容量由152 mA.h/g降至150 mA.h/g,容量保持率为98.7%。 相似文献
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以ZrO(NO3)2·2H2O、Ce(NO3)·6H2O和La2O3为原料,采用柠檬酸法制备了La2Ce2O7粉体,研究了pH值、乙二醇及柠檬酸用量、煅烧温度等工艺参数对La2Ce2O7粉体的影响。结果表明,采用该方法能够制备纯净的La2Ce2O7粉体,最佳实验条件是pH值为5,乙二醇、柠檬酸与金属离子的摩尔比分别是1.8和2,煅烧温度为400℃。 相似文献
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以异丙醇铝为原料采用溶胶凝胶技术制备水合氧化铝前驱体,经热处理制得纳米氧化铝粉体.采用正交实验设计研究了热处理工艺条件对纳米氧化铝粉体的尺寸和形貌的影响规律.结果表明,热处理工艺参数对Al2O3粒子颗粒特性的影响由强到弱的次序为:煅烧温度、水合氧化铝在300℃分解温度点的保温时间、在煅烧温度点的保温时间;通过控制其热处理工艺参数,可获得一定尺寸范围的大小均匀,分散性好的球形γ-Al2O3粉体;制备尺寸为8 nm的球形γ-Al2O3粉体的最佳的热处理工艺参数为:煅烧温度900℃,在煅烧温度点保温4 h,在300℃温度点不保温. 相似文献
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孔隙率是评价Cr2O3涂层质量的重要指标之一。根据Box-Behnken二阶响应曲面法设计了3因素3水平的回归分析试验,采用大气等离子喷涂技术在TC4钛合金表面制备了Cr2O3涂层,以不同工艺条件下的涂层孔隙率作为响应值,建立了喷涂电流、等离子气体和喷距影响因子与响应输出之间的数学模型,讨论了3种影响因子的显著性及交互作用影响,得到涂层孔隙率的连续变量响应曲面和等高曲线。模型可以用于大气等离子喷涂Cr2O3涂层的工艺优化和性能预测,最小孔隙率的预测参数是电流I=500A,氩气流量QAr=40L/min和喷距d=80mm,能获得的最小孔隙率为1.5%。 相似文献
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溶胶-凝胶法制备α-Al_2O_3纳米粉体 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以工业氧化铝溶胶为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了-αA l2O3纳米粉体。研究了解胶条件、晶种加入量、矿化剂种类及加入量、煅烧温度及保温时间对产物的影响。结果表明:溶胶解胶后的粒度越小,产物的粒度越小,得到产物所需的煅烧温度越低;晶种和矿化剂的引入,可以促进过渡型氧化铝向-αA l2O3的转化,降低相转变温度;煅烧温度对α-A l2O3的生成影响比较大,在温度恒定时,延长保温时间对产物物相的影响不大。溶胶-凝胶法制备-αA l2O3纳米粉体的最佳条件是分散剂三乙醇胺用量为1%(质量分数),晶种加入量为5%,NH4NO3加入量为5%,煅烧温度为1000℃,保温时间为2 h。所得-αA l2O3纳米粉体外观呈球形,粒度分布均匀,粒径在50 nm左右。 相似文献
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以控制结晶法合成的球形Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05(OH)2.05为前驱体,采用加压氧化法制备锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和恒电流充放电测试等方法对该材料的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行表征。考察氢氧化锂与前驱体物质的量之比(锂配比)、在煅烧过程中的压力、温度和时间等因素对LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2材料结构及性能的影响。结果表明:锂配比为1.02时,在0.4 MPa氧气压力下,于700℃煅烧10 h制备的材料具有最完善的结构和最好的电化学性能;在2.8~4.3 V电压范围内,以0.2 C进行充放电,首次放电比容量达到190.1 mA.h/g,50次循环后容量保持率为90.2%,同时显示出良好的倍率性能和高温性能。 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法在钨纤维的表面制备Al2O3涂层,用热分析(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和电子能谱仪(EDS)等方法研究钨纤维表面Al2O3涂层在不同干燥工艺、不同PVA添加量和不同煅烧温度下的组织特征。结果表明:采用分步干燥工艺可以避免涂层团聚和开裂;溶胶制备中加入体积分数为5%的聚乙烯醇(PVA)可以提高溶胶稳定性,有利于制备均匀且无裂纹的Al2O3涂层;钨纤维表面Al2O3涂层制备的最佳煅烧温度为950℃;采用Al2O3涂覆的钨纤维抗氧化温度提高了120℃,氧化增重减少了约9%。 相似文献
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1. IntroductionSince the discovery of dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs)l1], they have been wide1yused in industrial production, particularly in the chlor-alkali industry because of theirexcellent stability and low overvoltage for chlorine reaction. Presently, mixed metal oxidecoated titanium anodes have also been used in cathodic protection fOr their corrosionresistance, low consumption rate and high electrochemical perfOrmance[2l3]. In recent years,there is an increasing interest in the re… 相似文献
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NaOH分解含铟铁矾渣新工艺 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
提出NaOH分解含铟铁矾渣新工艺,考察NaOH用量、液固比、温度和时间对铁矾渣分解率的影响,并讨论铁矾渣中杂质金属,如Zn、In、Cu、Cd、Pb、As、Sb、Sn和Ag等在NaOH分解过程中的行为.结果表明:在m(NaOH)-m(铁矾渣)=0.381 4-1、温度60 ℃、液固比2-1、反应时间2 h的最优条件下,铁矾渣的分解率达到98.03%,而原料中的杂质金属,如Sn、Sb、Zn、In、Cu、Cd、Pb和Ag等绝大部分留在分解渣中,As则以AsO43-的形态大部分进入溶液,浸出率达到83.36%.DSC-TGA热分析和X射线衍射分析结果表明:在NaOH分解过程中,铁矾渣中的铁主要以Fe3O4形式沉淀入渣;分解渣中Fe、In和Zn的含量分别为38.81%、0.23%和12.89%;经稀盐酸选择性浸出铟和锌后,进一步磁选富集可作为炼铁原料. 相似文献
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Hongjian Yan Xiaojun ZhangShiqing Zhou Xionghui XieYulai Luo Yihan Yu 《Journal of Alloys and Compounds》2011,509(24):L232
Tungsten trioxide (WO3) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by thermal decomposition of ammonium tungstate loading on g-C3N4. The as prepared nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, UV-vis, photoluminescence spectra (PL) and TEM. The XRD results indicate that the g-C3N4 decomposed completely with WO3 remaining at calcination temperature higher than 550 °C. The WO3 prepared at temperature below 750 °C exhibits orthorhombic phase, and monoclinic phase at temperature higher than 850 °C. The UV-vis absorption onset wavelength of the obtained samples is approximately 470 nm, and the absorption intensity increases with calcination temperature, and reaches a maximum at 750 °C. The as prepared WO3 powders, loaded with 0.5 wt% Pt as cocatalyst, were used as photocatalysts for O2 evolution from an aqueous KIO3 solution. The WO3 nanoparticles prepared from ammonium tungstate loading on g-C3N4 showed photocatalytic activity in O2 evolution up to 77 times higher than that of WO3 samples prepared from ammonium tungstate without loading on g-C3N4. 相似文献
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本文以仲钼酸铵(优级纯)为原料,通过结合气流式雾化干燥法和微波煅烧氢还原法制备出球形、微米级、比表面积大、分散性好的钼粉。重点研究雾化造粒过程和微波煅烧氢还原阶段的升温速率对最终Mo粉的形貌、粒度以及比表面积的影响及规律。研究结果表明,控制一定的参数可以制备出球形、微米级、分散性好的钼酸铵前驱体粉末;最终Mo粉的微观形貌受升温速率的影响,升温速率越低制备的Mo粉破碎越严重,且有少量团聚现象,升温速率越高制备的Mo粉球形度越高,分散性越好;升温速率也直接影响平均粒度和比表面积,升温速率越低,平均粒度越小,而比表面积越大,升温速率越高,平均粒度相应增大,比表面减小。 相似文献
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研究了添加偏钨酸铵(AMT)对醋酸锆氧化钇浆料粘度的影响,大气焙烧AMT的相变及对应型壳焙烧前后强度及耐磨性能,真空离心浇注钛合金后所得反应层的形貌、物相及元素分布。研究认为添加AMT能够提高浆料粘度,增加型壳常温强度及耐磨性,减少制备及脱蜡过程对型壳的破坏;大气环境下焙烧,W元素将以钇钨氧化物存在,不起阻化作用,但不会与钛合金发生反应。 相似文献
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The Co3O4/acetylene black composite anodes were successfully prepared by combination of oxalate precipitation and pyrolysis of the precipitate. The composite and its precursor were characterized by thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA), differential thermal analysis(DTA), X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) and electrochemical measurements. The effects of carbon content and calcination temperature on properties of the composite were investigated in detail. The cycling performance of the Co3O4 anode is improved remarkably by the addition of carbon. As the calcination temperature rises in the range of 300-450 ℃, the crystallinity of the composites increases, but their reversible capacity and cycling stability decrease. Being charged/discharged at a current density of 0.1C rate, the optimized Co3O4/C composite anode shows a large initial reversible capacity of 757 mA-h/g, and a capacity of 743 mA-h/g is observed after 10 cycles. 相似文献
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采用溶液前驱体等离子喷涂(solution precursor plasma spray,SPPS)方法制备了La2Ce2O7涂层。通过SEM、XRD、EDS、激光导热仪对制备的涂层进行了表征,应用STA-FTIR-QMS联用技术对La2Ce2O7干燥前驱体的分解过程进行了研究,分析了前驱体的分解温度及分解过程,从而确定了喷涂温度为450℃。通过正交实验确定了雾化压力0.1MPa、电流700A、送液速率23 mL/min为最佳喷涂工艺参数,用此参数喷涂20遍制备的La2Ce2O7涂层厚度达到121μm,相对密度为92.4%,硬度为2.1 GPa。结果表明,得到了热导率较低、元素分布均匀、具有萤石结构的La2Ce2O7热障涂层。 相似文献
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Cholsong Pang Ji Luo Zhimeng GuoMin Guo Ting Hou 《International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials》2010
The effect of vanadium on the tungsten particle growth during hydrogen reduction has been discussed. The nanostructured V-doped WO3 powder was synthesized by co-precipitation method with ammonium tungstate and ammonium metavanadate as its starting materials and was then reduced in hydrogen atmosphere. The products were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and small angle X-ray scattering. It was observed that the vanadium added to tungsten oxide formed tungsta-vanadate solid solution and was then reduced to V–O–W bronze, VxWO3−y, during the early stage of hydrogen reduction and decomposed continuously to α-W and V2O3 during the entire WO2 → W transition. The results of particle size measurement and morphological analysis showed that the addition of vanadium could effectively inhibit the particle growth of tungsten powder during the reduction process. The addition of vanadium mainly effects on nucleation of tungsten at the lower temperatures below 850 °C because the slow decomposition of V–O–W bronze continuously provides the nucleation sites on the surface of WO2 particles during reduction via impeding the formation of WO2(OH)2 and providing of nucleation aids for W deposition from the surrounding WO2. 相似文献