几种典型细化剂对A356合金的细化作用

研究了几种常用的Al-Ti-B、Al-Ti-C、Al-Ti和Al-3B细化剂微观组织及其对A356合金的细化效果。结果表明，对于4种Al-Ti-B细化剂，第二相的尺寸和分布对细化效果有一定影响，荷兰产Al-Ti-B细化剂Al3Ti尺寸小，TiB2呈弥散分布，细化后晶粒尺寸最小，在加入量（质量分数，下同）为0．2％，保温时间30min时，尺寸为500μm。对于不同系列晶粒细化剂，在加入量为0．2％和0．5％时，Al-Ti-B的细化效果均为最好。较快的凝固速度下，各种细化剂的细化效果无明显差别；凝固速度较慢时，Al-3B细化剂的细化效果较好。     

Al—Ti—C晶粒细化剂的实验研究

采用常规熔铸工艺制得了含碳0．09％－0．71％的Al－Ti－C晶粒细化剂,并对熔体化学反庆进行了热力学剖析。对Al－Ti－C中间合金的微观组织及TiC的尺寸与分布进行了X射线衍射、扫描电镜和光镜金相分析。研究了该细化剂对99．7％的纯铝的细化效果：当以块状加入AlTi5C0．2,加入后2min晶粒明显细化且保温2h细化效果无任何衰减,而以粉末形式加入时则细化效果很不明显。     

自蔓延高温合成Al-TiC晶粒细化剂及其晶粒细化效果

采用自蔓延高温合成 (SHS)技术直接合成了Al 80 %TiC和Al 5 0 %TiC晶粒细化剂。研究了这两种细化剂的相组成、结构及对工业纯铝的晶粒细化效果 ,并与商用Al 5Ti 1B细化剂进行了对比。结果表明 :合成的细化剂由TiC和α (Al)两相组成 ,TiC粒子的尺寸和分布对细化剂的晶粒细化效果有显著影响。Al 80 %TiC细化剂中TiC粒子尺寸较大 (2～ 5 μm)且呈聚集成团分布 ,其晶粒细化效果较差。合成的Al 5 0 %TiC细化剂的晶粒细化效果略优于Al 5Ti 1B细化剂。加入 0 .1%的该细化剂就能使凝固试样的结构由粗大的柱状晶转变成细小的等轴晶 (平均晶粒尺寸 12 0 μm) ,且这种晶粒细化效果可保持 90min。SEM和TEM分析显示 ,Al 5 0 %TiC细化剂中原位合成的TiC粒子具有亚微米尺寸 (0 .4～ 0 .9μm) ,且在高温铝液中具有较强的稳定性 ,从而赋予该细化剂良好的晶粒细化效果和强的抗晶粒细化衰退能力     

RE对细晶铝锭细化效果的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析等方法研究分析了不同RE添加量对细晶铝锭细化效果的影响。试验结果表明，混合RE对细晶铝锭有明显的晶粒细化作用。随着RE含量的增加，晶粒平均直径减小。当RE的质量分数达到0．30％时，可得到最好的晶粒细化效果；当RE的质量分数超过0．30％后，细化效果开始下降。并分析了添加RE后细晶铝锭细化晶粒作用的机理。     

Al-Ti-C晶粒细化剂对工业纯铝的晶粒细化

采用自制的Al-Ti-C晶粒细化剂，检验了Al-Ti-C晶粒细化剂对工业纯铝的晶粒细化能力，研究了Al-Ti-C的含碳量、添加量、保温时间、浇注温度等对工业纯铝晶粒细化效果的影响。结果表明，对于工业纯铝添加质量分数为0.2％的Al-5.14Ti-0.3C晶粒细化剂，在725℃的铸造温度下保温2.5min，所得的铸锭晶粒细化效果最好。     

Al-Ti-B-RE细化剂对铝晶粒细化效果初探

对新型细化剂Al-Ti-B-RE的细化效果进行了探讨。结果表明:该中间合金是一种高效、长效的晶粒细化剂,当加入量为0.04%～0.10%,铝熔体在800℃静置30min的细化效果最显著,其效果优于进口Al-Ti-B细化剂。     

铝钛碳晶粒细化剂的制备及工业应用

提出了利用铝锭、氟钛酸钾、铝粉、六氯乙烷和碳粉制备铝钛碳晶粒细化剂的新方法。研究表明，经过预处理的碳粉．采用预制块压入法可使碳的吸收率稳定在90％左右。用研制的Al—5Ti-0．2C晶粒细化剂在铝合金轮毂和铝铸轧两大铝加工行业进行工业应用试验，效果非常明显，是替代铝钛硼晶粒细化剂的理想产品，具有很好的发展前景。     

Al-Ti-C中间合金对纯镁的细化效果研究

采用不同Ti／C比制备Al-Ti-C中间合金晶粒细化剂，检验其对纯镁的细化效果，并通过光学显微镜（OM）等手段研究了不同相组成的中间合金对纯镁的细化效果的影响。结果表明：Ti／C比分别为8、4、3和2时，Al-Ti-C中间舍金的相组成不同，其中Ti／C比小于4时，相组成为TiC，Al4C3和α-Al基体；含有Al4C3的中间舍金对α-Mg晶粒的细化效果优异，添加量为0．4％的Al-Ti-C对纯镁的细化效果明显；在其它工艺条件不变的前提下，纯镁的最佳细化参数为Ti／C比3，添加量0．6％。     

Al-Ti-B细化剂的应用

对ＬＳＭ５／１ＴｉＢＡｌ细化剂与国产同类产品进行了全面对比，指出国产细化剂细化效果普遍低于进口细化剂。文中对细化剂在熔体中的保持时间、加入量以及细化剂的成分、品种和被细化合金的种类对细化效果的影响进行了全面论述，并得出了可靠结论。细化效果数据，是通过国际通用的ＫＢ环法试验获得的     

电解生产低钛铝合金的晶粒细化及衰退行为

选用Ti质量分数为0．1％～0．3％的电解低钛铝合金，分别研究了钛对合金晶粒的细化效果和熔体保温时间对晶粒细化的衰退行为的影响，并与相应含钛量熔配低钛铝合金进行了对比。结果表明，随着Ti含量的增加，两种加钛方式的低钛铝合金样品晶粒得到明显的细化。随着保温时间的延长，所有合金的晶粒尺寸均不同程度发生了粗化，Ti对晶粒的细化效果明显发生了衰退。电解加钛铝合金晶粒细化效果的抗衰退能力优于熔配加钛铝合金，这种趋势对Ti的质量分数为0．1％～0．2％的合金特别明显。     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

INTRODUCTION TO PATENTS

The invention provides a method of making a mold which can reduce SOx generation rate while preventing decrease in hardening rate in the case of using sulfuric acid for a hardener composition. The method has a mixture step in which fire-resistant particles, a hardener composition and a binder composition are mixed to obtain a composition for a mold. The hardener composition contains sulfuric acid. In the mixture step, sodium carbonate is added. A molar ratio of the sulfuric acid to the sodium carbonate is 0.5 or more and 4.0 or less.     

China Foundry Week 2014

China Foundry Week, hosted by the Foundry Institution of Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society （FICMES） each year, is a large academic event in China. It is one of the ten high-impact activities sponsored by the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society.     

17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering Call for papers

正1.Contents In order to promote the academic exchanges and technical communication of the research in the field of fluid power transmission and control,fluid control engineering specialized committee of the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics will hold the 17th Conference of Hydrodynamic and Electromechanical Control Engineering on July 27-29,2014 in Tibet,Lhasa city.     

Information for Contributors

正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis     

Preface

<正>We are pleased to present this Special Issue of Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China containing selected papers from the First Asian Conference on Aluminum Alloys(ACAA-2013),held in Beijing,China,13–17 October 2013.This conference has been initiated,with approval of     

Information for Contributors

The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China, is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology, including mineral processing, extraction metallurgy, metallic materials and heat treatments, metal working, physical metallurgy, powder metallurgy, with the emphasis on fundamental science. It is the unique preeminent publication in English for scientists, engineers, under/post-graduates on the field of nonferrous metals industry. This journal is covered by many famous abstract/index systems and databases such as SCI Expanded, Ei Compendex Plus, 1NSPEC, CA, METADEX, AJ and JICST.     

Formulas of Tension of Continuous Rolling Process

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of "constant flow". Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of dynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.