Si含量对WMoNbCrTi高熵合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

WMoNbCrTi高熵合金是一种极具应用潜力的高温结构材料，添加Si有望提高其综合力学性能。以高能球磨粉末为原料，采用放电等离子烧结技术制备了WMoNbCrTiSi_x(x=0、0.1、0.25和0.5)高熵合金，研究Si含量对其微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：加入Si后高熵合金的组织由BCC固溶体、Laves相和硅化物组成。当x=0.1时，Si主要形成Ti₅Si₃,当x=0.25时，大部分Si与Ti形成Ti₅Si₃,少部分Si与Nb形成Nb₃Si,当x=0.5时，Si主要形成Ti₅Si₃、Nb₃Si和Cr₃Si。当x从0增加到0.5时，WMoNbCrTiSi_x高熵合金的硬度由9.84 GPa增加到13.46 GPa,断裂韧性从6.68 MPa·m^1/2下降到4.72 MPa·m^1/2。WMoNbCrT...     

Si元素含量对激光快速成形制备Nb-Si二元合金显微组织演变的影响

以铌粉和硅粉为原料,采用双通道同轴送粉制备了四种不同Si元素含量的Nb-Si二元合金,通过扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）及X射线衍射仪（XRD）等分析了合金的显微组织演变及维氏硬度.结果表明,硅含量由7%增加至25%,合金的显微组织由Nb_SS+Nb₃Si转变为初生Nb_SS+（Nb_SS/Nb₃Si）共晶,硅含量为18%时,呈Nb_SS/Nb₃Si全共晶组织,硅含量提高至25%,合金中出现初生β-Nb₅Si₃相,并仍存在Nb_SS/Nb₃Si共晶组织.铌和硅粉末在激光作用下原位反应并快速凝固,显著细化了Nb-Si合金的显微组织.随硅含量增加,硅化物含量逐渐增加,合金显微硬度由746 HV增至1 342 HV.     

Al/Si比例对TC4合金表面激光熔覆Ti-Al-Si涂层组织与摩擦性能的影响

以不同Al/Si比例的Ti-Al-Si复合粉末为原料,采用激光熔覆技术在TC4合金表面制备Ti-Al-Si涂层,研究了Al/Si比例对涂层物相、微观组织、显微硬度及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,单道熔覆的涂层中没有发现明显的裂纹及气孔,涂层与基体之间呈现良好的冶金结合。不同Al/Si比例涂层中组织均以熔断的枝晶为主,枝晶的成分主要为α-Ti,增强相为板条状的Ti₅Si₃及Ti₇Al₅Si₁₂,枝晶间主要是TiAl、Ti₃Al、TiAl₃金属间化合物。Si元素含量越高,涂层中原位生成的增强相的含量越多,涂层的显微硬度也比较高,最高可达1194 HV0.1,约为基体的4.1倍,但增强相过多会使涂层的脆性增加,耐磨性降低。Al元素含量较多时,组织细化效果明显,增强相对硬度和耐磨性能的影响比晶粒细化的作用更强。     

钎焊温度对316L/AuSi/NiTi接头界面组织与力学性能的影响

采用AuSi共晶钎料成功实现了316L不锈钢和NiTi形状记忆合金的连接.使用扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪等分析测试手段对不同钎焊温度下获得的接头界面组织进行了分析.结果表明,316L/AuSi/NiTi接头典型界面微观组织为316L/(Fe,Cr)₅Si₃/Au(s,s)+Ti₁₄Ni₄₉Si₃₇(+Si)/Ni₄Si₇Ti₄+NiSiTi/NiTi.随着钎焊温度的升高,316L不锈钢侧(Fe,Cr)₅Si₃层逐渐形成并变厚,NiTi合金侧的NiSiTi层先增厚后减薄,钎缝中的硅含量逐渐减少.剪切试验表明,当钎焊温度为600℃、保温时间为30 min时,钎焊接头的抗剪强度最高为34 MPa.接头的断裂路径分析表明,接头沿钎缝中的固溶体发生断裂.     

Cu含量和热处理工艺对Al-Si-Mg-Mn-xCu铸造铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响（英文）

采用三维X射线显微镜、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜及硬度测试系统研究Cu含量及热处理工艺对真空压铸Al-Si-Mg-Mn-xCu合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。研究发现,虽然Cu含量增加会提高铸锭中气孔的密度和尺寸,但是Cu添加将促进凝固过程中含Cu初生相(Q-Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆和θ-Al₂Cu)的形成,从而提高合金性能。合金中形成5种不同结构的初生相,包括共晶Si、α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si、β-Mg₂Si、Q-Al₅Cu₂Mg₈Si₆和θ-Al₂Cu相。随着Cu含量增加,θ相的面积分数迅速增加,α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si相面积分数首先降低,随后缓慢增加,而Q相的变化趋势与α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si相相反。这些初生相在热处理过程中会出现不同的演变规律。在随后的时效处理过程中,Q’和θ’相的协同析出能显著提高合金的时效硬化潜力。     

Si含量对Fe-Cr-Si系合金组织与耐蚀性能的影响

利用电弧熔炼工艺制备了不同Si含量(6wt%、8wt%、10wt%、12wt%)的Fe-Cr-Si系合金,系统研究了Si含量对Fe-Cr-Si系合金组织和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,4种不同Si含量的Fe-Cr-Si合金均由初生树枝晶和枝晶间基体组成,Si含量的增加促进了合金中金属硅化物Fe₃Si的形成。Fe-Cr-Si系合金在10%HCl中均表现出良好的耐蚀性能,浸泡72 h后合金表面形成的SiO₂具有钝化作用,且Si含量的增加可以显著提高合金的耐蚀性能,当Si含量达到12%时,耐蚀能力为2Cr13不锈钢的26倍。     

Al对AlxMo0.5NbTiVSi0.2高熵合金组织和性能影响

采用真空电弧熔炼工艺制备了不同Al含量的Al_xMo_0.5NbTiVSi_0.2(x=0.5,0.8,1.0,摩尔比)难熔高熵合金。研究了合金的相组成、微观组织、密度和力学性能。结果表明,Al_xMo_0.5NbTiVSi_0.2高熵合金的微观组织为典型的树枝晶结构,均由BCC固溶体相和M₅Si₃金属间化合物相组成。Al含量的增加并未使得合金的相组成发生改变。合金BCC基体相富集Al、Mo和V元素,M₅Si₃相富集Ti和Si元素,Nb元素在两相中分布较为均匀。随Al含量增加,合金的密度从6.18 g/cm³降至5.86 g/cm³,硬度提升了13.7%,压缩屈服强度增加约332 MPa,增幅达到37%,抗压强度从1 073 MPa提高到1 457 MPa,断裂应变从13.6%增加到14.4%。合金力学性能的提升主要是通过固溶强化、细晶强...     

淬火温度对Nd1.5Mg0.5Ni7储氢合金相结构的影响

通过对不同温度淬火的Nd₂Ni₇和Nd_1.5Mg_0.5Ni₇样品粉末进行X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜/能谱分析(SEM/EDS),研究了Nd_1.5Mg_0.5Ni₇合金淬火后的相结构。结果表明,淬火后,Nd_1.5Mg_0.5Ni₇三元合金主要由Ce₂Ni₇型相和Gd₂Co₇型相组成;淬火温度对合金主相晶格常数几乎没有影响;Mg的加入促进了低温相的形成,并减少了杂质相的生成。     

Inconel617合金表面电子束熔覆NbMoCr显微组织和耐腐蚀性的探讨

为了提高Inconel617合金(简称617合金)材料的表面性能,利用电子束熔覆技术在617合金表面制备了NbMoCr熔覆层. 对它的显微组织、硬度和耐腐蚀性能进行了研究,并与617合金进行了对比. 结果表明,NbMoCr熔覆层的组织更均匀,晶粒更细小,气孔等缺陷更少,且生成了微量M₂₃C₆,Cr₇C₃,Cr₄Si₄Al₁₃,CoCx等硬质相,提高了熔覆层的表面硬度及耐腐蚀性. 经检测,熔覆层硬度相比617合金硬度高出86 HV10. 电化学腐蚀测试表明,在1 mol/L H₂SO₄溶液中,617合金自腐蚀电流密度是NbMoCr熔覆层的5.16倍;在3.5 %的NaCl溶液中,617合金自腐蚀电流密度是NbMoCr熔覆层的4.6倍;在1 mol/L NaOH 溶液中,617合金自腐蚀电流密度是NbMoCr熔覆层的3.12倍.     

Si-Al固溶对Ti3AlC2陶瓷300℃干摩擦行为的影响

利用元素粉体热压烧结工艺制备了具有不同Si固溶含量的系列Ti₃Al_1-xSi_xC₂(x=0.2、0.4、0.6)陶瓷材料，采用X射线衍射技术及Rietveld结构精修对所得产物的结构及相组成进行了分析，利用共聚焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜研究了产物的表面形貌和晶粒结构，使用球-盘型摩擦实验机评估了材料的干摩擦行为。结果表明，Si的引入极大细化了Ti₃Al_1-xSi_xC₂陶瓷的晶粒，并降低其相纯度。随着Si加入量的增加，大量Ti₅Si₃和Ti C杂相出现，Ti₃Al_1-xSi_xC₂陶瓷的硬度逐步提升。而当Si加入量为0.4时，所得Ti₃Al_0.6Si_0.4C₂陶瓷表现出了最低的摩擦系数(COF)，为0....     

Effects of Ce and Mm additions on the glass forming ability of Al–Ni–Si metallic glass alloys

The effects of Ce and Mm contents on the glass forming ability (GFA) of melt-quenched Al_89−xNi₈Ce_xSi₃ and Al_89−xNi₈Mm_xSi₃ (x = 0, 1, 3, 5, 7 at.%) alloys have been systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). According to the XRD and DSC results, both Ce and Mm elements can enhance the GFA and thermal stability of the Al–Ni–Si alloys. Moreover, only the x = 5 and x = 7 alloys are totally amorphous in both systems quenched at the wheel speed of 36.6 m/s. Compared with amorphous Al₈₄Ni₈Ce₅Si₃ alloy at different cooling rates, amorphous Al₈₄Ni₈Mm₅Si₃ alloy has higher GFA which is considered to have relation to the different atomic structure of the amorphous alloy.     

Microstructure and tribological properties of Cuss-toughened Cr–Cu–Si metal silicide alloys

Wear resistant Cr–Cu–Si metal silicide alloys with different Cu contents were fabricated by the laser melting process. The Cr–Cu–Si alloys have a similar microstructure consisting of the Cr₅Si₃/CrSi dual-phase primary dendrites and the interdendritic Cu-based solid solution (Cu_ss). The Cu content has no effect on the phase constitutions of the alloys. The Cr₅Si₃/CrSi dendrite volume fraction and hardness of the Cr–Cu–Si alloys decrease with the increasing Cu content. Wear test results indicate that all the Cu_ss-toughened metal silicide alloys have excellent wear resistance and low coefficient of friction. Wear resistance increases and friction coefficient decreases with the decreasing Cu content.     

Microstructure and dry sliding wear resistance of Moss-toughened Mo2Ni3Si metal silicide alloys

A wear resistant Mo₂Ni₃Si-based metal silicide alloy toughened by molybdenum-based solid solution (Mo_ss) was fabricated by the laser melting deposition (LMD) manufacturing process. Microstructure of the alloy is composed of Mo_ss primary dendrites and the matrix of the single phase Mo₂Ni₃Si. Wear resistance and friction coefficient of the alloys were evaluated under metallic dry sliding wear test conditions as a function of contact load. Results showed that the alloys have a low friction coefficient and outstanding wear resistance due to the high hardness of Mo₂Ni₃Si matrix and the high strength, ductility and toughness of Mo_ss dendrites. The wear rate and the friction coefficient of alloys are extremely insensitive to the contact load owing to the abnormal hardness–temperature relation of Mo₂Ni₃Si. The Mo_ss dendrite played the role of trapping micro-cracks and restraining brittle spalling of the Mo₂Ni₃Si matrix during wear process and improved the wear properties of Mo_ss-toughened Mo₂Ni₃Si alloy.     

A Novel,Amorphous, Non-equiatomic FeCrAlCuNiSi High-Entropy Alloy with Exceptional Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties

The exceptional corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of high-entropy metallic glasses(HE-MGs) are highly desirable for diverse critical applications.However,a long-standing problem of these alloys is that their alloy design approaches are based on limited equiatomic or near-equiatomic ratios.In this study,a novel senary alloy(non-equiatomic Fe_3 Cr_2 Al_2 CuNi_4 Si_5) with amorphous structure was prepared.This alloy exhibited exceptional corrosion resistance and Vickers hardness as high as～1 150 Hv at room temperature.The processing route involved amorphous powder molding via a mechanical alloying and ultrahigh pressure consolidation technique,resulting in an optimal microstructure of amorphous structure with nanoparticles uniformly distributed in the matrix alloy.This approach can effectively inhibit the crystallization of amorphous structure,thus providing a general pathway for manufacturing next-generation non-equiatomic HE-MGs with both exceptional corrosion resistance and strength.     

Microstructure Characterization and Fracture Toughness of Laves Phase-Based Cr–Nb–Ti Alloys

Three Laves phase-based alloys with nominal compositions of Cr2Nb–x Ti(x = 20,30,40,in at%) have been prepared through vacuum non-consumable arc melting.The results show that the microstructures of Cr2Nb-(20,30) Ti alloys are composed of the primary Laves phase C15–Cr2(Nb,Ti) and bcc solid solution phase,while the microstructure of Cr2Nb–40Ti alloy is developed with the eutectic phases C15–Cr2(Nb,Ti)/bcc solid solution.The measured fracture toughness of ternary Laves phase C15–Cr2(Nb,Ti) is about 3.0 MPa m1/2,much larger than 1.4 MPa m1/2for binary Laves phase Cr2 Nb.Meanwhile,the fracture toughness of Cr2Nb–x Ti(x = 20,30,40) alloys increases with increasing Ti content and reaches 10.6 MPa m1/2in Cr2Nb–40Ti alloy.The eutectic microstructure and addition of Ti in Cr2 Nb are found to be effective in toughening Laves phase-based alloys.     

冷却速率对FeSiBCuNb合金条带磁学和耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),振动样品磁强计(VSM),电化学工作站以及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等试验仪器对辊速为14.65和43.96 m/s旋淬制备的Fe_73.5Si_13.5B₉Cu1Nb₃(C1和C2)合金条带进行了测试分析。XRD结果显示,低冷速下制备获得了非晶/纳米晶双相(C1)合金,高冷速制备的合金(C2)为非晶态。VSM结果显示,C1和C2合金均具有优异的软磁性能。低冷速制备的纳米晶(C1)合金相比高冷速制备的非晶态(C2)合金具有较强的磁各向异性,C1合金磁各向异性的增强是由纳米晶相的键对有序性以及纳米晶相与非晶基体相互作用引起的磁弹各向异性所致。合金的电化学测试显示,C2合金耐腐蚀性能要好于C1合金,合金耐腐蚀性能的差异与制备过程中不同冷速所导致的合金表面组织结构和应力不均匀性相关。     

Reduced Annealing Time and Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effect of La(Fe,Al)13 Alloy by La-nonstoichiometry and Si-doping

LaFe_13-xM_x (M = Si, Al) alloys are promising for use in magnetic refrigeration. However, they require long annealing time (30 days) in order to optimize the magnetocaloric properties. Research has shown that the addition of extra La in off-stoichiometric alloys can greatly shorten the annealing time. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the extra addition of La on the annealing properties of a new off-stoichiometric La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4-xSi_x (x = 0, 0.1, 0.4) alloys. It was demonstrated that after a 36h annealing time, a large volume fraction of 1:13 magnetocaloric phase was obtained for all alloys. Further microstructural analysis of the off-stoichiometric La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4-xSi_x alloys revealed a facet-like grain morphology. The La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.4 and La_1.7Fe_11.6Al₁Si_0.4 alloys were shown to contain large 1:13 phase precipitates separated in a La-rich matrix, while the La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1 alloy had a continuous 1:13 phase matrix with a fine dispersion of La-rich precipitates throughout. When the magnetic field varied between 0 and 2 T, the corresponding magnetic entropy change and relative cooling capacity for the La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1 specimen were determined as 4.58 J/kg K and 173.6 J/kg, respectively. More importantly, the La_1.7Fe_11.6Al_1.3Si_0.1 alloy displayed only a slight volume change when the meta-magnetic phase transition occurred, which is promising for cyclic use.     

Corrosion Resistance and Electrochemical Behaviour of Amorphous Ni84.9Cr7.4Si4.2Fe3.5 Alloy in Alkaline and Acidic Solutions

In this work, the corrosion behaviours of the amorphous Ni_84.9Cr_7.4Si_4.2Fe_3.5 alloy and its crystalline counterpart are studied in acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions by scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic and potentiostatic polarization tests. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning Kelvin probe are employed to characterize the alloy surface. The results show that the amorphous Ni_84.9Cr_7.4Si_4.2Fe_3.5 alloy presents a better corrosion resistance compared to its crystalline counterpart, which is attributed to the uniform energy distribution of the atoms on the amorphous alloy surface, and this presents as a uniform electric potential map to effectively suppress the occurrence of the corrosion cell reaction.     

Comparative Study on Corrosion Behavior and Mechanism of As-Cast Mg-Zn-Y and Mg-Zn-Gd Alloys

Rare earth (RE) elements have large solid solubility in magnesium and are widely used to regulate the microstructure and property of advanced magnesium alloys. However, different kinds of RE elements have different effects on microstructure and property of the alloy. In this study, a Mg-Zn-Y alloy and a Mg-Zn-Gd alloy with alloying elements of the same atomic percentage were designed to clarify the effect of yttrium (Y) and gadolinium (Gd) on the corrosion behavior of as-cast MgZn₂Y_2.66 and MgZn₂Gd_2.66 alloys. The results show that the MgZn₂Y_2.66 alloy is mainly composed of α-Mg phase and long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase, while MgZn₂Gd_2.66 alloy is mainly composed of α-Mg phase and (Mg, Gd)₃Zn phase (W phase). Generally speaking, the corrosion phenomena of the two alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution are similar. In the early stages of exposure, the alloys underwent uniform corrosion at a relatively low corrosion rate. With prolonged exposure, localized corrosion became dominated and the corrosion rate was greatly increased. However, the corrosion rate of the MgZn₂Y_2.66 alloy, in terms of the corrosion current density, is about one order of magnitude lower than that of the MgZn₂Gd_2.66 alloy. The high corrosion resistance of the MgZn₂Y_2.66 alloy is mainly attributed to the presence of LPSO phase in form of continuous networks and the relatively high corrosion resistance of the corrosion product layer on the alloy.     

微量稀土Sm对AZ91D显微组织和腐蚀性能的影响

利用扫描电镜 (SEM) 结合能谱分析 (EDS)、X射线衍射 (XRD)、腐蚀失重实验、电化学极化曲线等方法,研究了0.1%,0.4%,0.7%和1.0%的Sm对AZ91D合金的微观组织和腐蚀性能的影响,并对其腐蚀机理进行分析。结果表明：随着Sm含量的增加,合金中粗大的枝状第二相 (β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂) 逐渐断裂变小,其体积分数下降,因为Sm会结合Al形成颗粒状的Al₂Sm和杆状的Al₃Sm,从而减少晶界处第二相的数量,使第二相呈不连续分布;AZ91D的耐腐蚀性随着Sm加入量的增多,先增加后降低;当Sm加入量为1.0%时,合金的耐腐蚀性与不添加Sm的AZ91D接近;Sm的最佳添加量为0.4%。