LY12铝合金三价铈盐溶液中成膜工艺

利用浸渍法在LY12铝合金表面获得了金黄色的铈转化膜, 确定了常温稀土(铈)化学转化膜成膜工艺. 应用电化学方法和浸泡试验研究了铝合金铈化学转化膜的成膜动力学及转化膜在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能, 并与传统的Alodine处理工艺进行了比较. 采用表面分析技术分析了膜的成分并观察了膜的微观形貌. 结果表明, 本稀土处理工艺成膜工艺简单, 成膜速度快, 耐蚀性能略优于Alodine转化膜, 能有效地抑制铝合金的点腐蚀. SEM表明铝合金铈转化膜由许多球形颗粒和块状膜构成. EDAX能谱表明, 铈转化膜主要含有铈、氧和铝3种元素, 球形颗粒含有较高浓度的氧和铈.     

镧铈双稀土耐蚀转化膜的制备及性能研究

采采用浸渍法在AZ91镁合金表面制备镧铈双稀土转化膜,优化了侵蚀转化处理工艺,并研究了双稀土转化膜的微观形貌、膜层成分及耐蚀性。利用正交试验确定成膜的最佳工艺为:处理温度30℃,Ce3+:La3+=2∶1(摩尔比),V双氧水=5 ml,p H=4~5.腐蚀性能测试结果表明,成功的在AZ91镁合金表面沉积出黄色致密、有微小裂纹的耐腐蚀转化膜。     

镁合金稀土镧化学转化工艺研究

镁合金稀土转化膜技术是近年来发展起来的一种环保型镁合金表面处理新技术。通过正交试验对压铸镁合金AZ91D稀土镧化学转化处理工艺进行了研究。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱(EDS)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了膜层的表面形貌及其组成,并通过容量法对膜层在5%NaCl(pH=6.8~7.0)溶液中的耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明:La转化处理工艺能够在压铸镁合金AZ91D表面形成均匀、完整的转化膜;膜层主要由La2O3和MgO以及少量的Al2O3组成;La转化膜在浸泡初期的10 h内耐腐蚀性能与铬酸盐转化膜相当。     

铝及铝合金无铬钝化研究进展

铝合金可加工成各种板材、型材、铝铸件,为了减少其在工业环境中的腐蚀损失,需进行钝化处理.钝化常作为涂层的预处理步骤,钝化膜能增强铝合金表面与有机涂层的结合力,进一步提高涂层对基体的防护能力.目前无铬钝化主要是钼酸盐钝化、稀土盐钝化、锆/钛盐钝化及有机物钝化,因此对这几种主要化学钝化法的研究进程及现状进行了综述.钼酸盐复配其他盐协同缓蚀,能够获得更强的耐腐蚀性能.稀土盐中加入强氧化剂和成膜促进剂,可以简化处理工艺,降低腐蚀电流.锆、钛盐中加入有机物形成复合膜,能够改善单一膜层的耐腐蚀性能,提高与基体的结合力.硅烷在铝合金表面形成交联结构,从而表现出良好的封闭效果.在硅烷中加入纳米粒子可以获得更好的膜层表面形貌,加入稀土及其氧化物可提高耐腐蚀性能.硅烷两步法成膜过程中,成膜次序不同能够获得不同的膜层物理性能和耐蚀效果.最后,对未来无铬钝化工艺的研究方向进行了展望.     

铝合金表面无铬化学转化膜的制备及其性能

采用正交实验优化铝合金稀士转化处理液的配方,采用点滴腐蚀法、极化曲线、交流阻抗研究铝合金表面稀土转化膜的耐腐蚀性能,利用硬度计、SEM、EDS研究转化膜的表面硬度、形貌与组成.结果表明:处理液中添加成膜促进剂可提高转化膜的生长速度,并且添加铵盐、氯化物后转化膜的铈含量从5.93%改变为4.15%和9.27%;还发现添加成膜促进剂铵盐、氯化物后转化膜耐腐蚀性提高为原来的2.6和5.6倍,其中后者的耐点滴腐蚀能力优于传统铬酸盐转化膜,并且还可将铝合金表面的显微硬度从HV68.8增大至HV389和HV450.     

镁合金表面稀土转化膜研究进展

镁合金作为结构材料具有十分突出的性能,但镁的低电位导致其耐蚀性很差,大大限制了镁合金的广泛应用.化学转化膜作为一种简单、有效的防腐蚀表面处理方法得到了迅速发展.相较目前成熟但污染严重的铬酸盐转化膜处理工艺,稀土盐转化处理因其良好的环境友好性和耐蚀性能而备受关注.总结了稀土盐转化膜的成膜工艺及膜的性能、膜的组成及微观形貌、膜的形成机理以及膜的耐腐蚀机理等方面的研究现状,提出了转化膜的一些技术问题,并展望了该技术的发展趋势.     

铝合金表面稀土转化膜研究进展

介绍了铝合金表面稀土转化膜在国内外的研究进展及现状,综述了铝合金表面稀土转化膜工艺研究的发展过程,讨论了稀土转化膜的成膜机理和耐腐蚀机理,提出了稀土转化膜技术目前阶段存在的问题,并对这一技术的发展提出了展望。     

铝合金表面无铬化学转化膜的研究

采用钼酸盐、高锰酸盐作为成膜氧化剂,研究了铝合金化学转化膜的处理溶液,优化了溶液配方与工艺参数,在铝合金表面制备出有良好耐蚀性的转化膜.利用各种测试手段与分析方法,对转化膜的综合性能进行分析,对转化膜的微观形貌与元素组成进行表征.提出了钼酸盐化学转化膜成膜机理.     

2024铝合金表面三价稀土转化膜

利用浸渍法在２０２４铝合金表面上获得了金黄色的稀土转化膜,确定了成膜的最佳工艺条件。利用湿热试验、盐水浸渍试验等实验方法评价了膜的耐蚀性能,并和传统的ＭＢＶ法及Ａｌｏｄｉｎｅ法进行了比较。结果表明,稀土转化膜的耐蚀性能优于ＭＢＶ转化膜,与Ａｌｏｄｉｎｅ转化膜接近。利用电化学方法研究了稀土转化膜的耐蚀机理,膜的存在同时抑制了腐蚀过程中的阴极反应和阳极反应,使腐蚀的动力消失。利用扫描电镜观察了膜的微观形态,膜是由大小不同的球状颗粒组成,大的颗粒之上夹杂或附着小的颗粒,膜的形成包含一个晶粒的形成和长大的过程。稀土转化膜处理工艺简单,对环境无污染,膜的耐蚀性强,具有一定的应用前景。     

两种成膜促进剂对Mg-Gd-Y-Zr镁合金表面铈盐转化膜耐蚀性能的影响

为了替代Cr6+化学转化膜处理工艺,在Mg-Gd-Y-Zr镁合金表面分别用苯甲酸钠和碳酸钠这两种成膜促进剂在CeCl3溶液中制备铈盐转化膜,通过正交试验方法获得了成膜的最佳工艺条件。利用扫描电镜分析手段对转化膜的微观形貌进行了分析,探讨了铈盐转化膜成膜机制。得到的铈盐化学转化膜具有优良的耐蚀性能。     

AZ91镁合金表面Ce-Mn复合转化膜室温制备及其耐蚀性研究

室温下,以Ce(NO3)3为主盐、KMnO4为氧化剂、氟化物为成膜促进剂在AZ91镁合金表面制备了Ce-Mn复合转化膜,分析了化学转化处理不同时间形成的转化膜的微观形貌和成分,研究了转化膜的耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:氟化物的加入可实现室温下快速成膜,膜层主要由Al,Ce,Mn和O元素组成,宏观上完整均匀,但存在微观裂纹;处...     

5052 铝合金表面钛锆基转化膜的制备及耐蚀性

目的研究铝合金表面非铬酸盐高耐蚀性转化膜的制备工艺。方法以K2Zr F6和K2Ti F6为主盐,KMn O4为氧化剂,Na F为成膜促进剂,在5052铝合金表面制备化学转化膜。采用SEM,EDS,FT-IR,XPS对转化膜的形貌、结构以及成分进行分析,通过硫酸铜点滴实验、全浸蚀实验和极化曲线对转化膜的耐蚀性进行研究。结果获得了土黄色转化膜,主要由Al F3·3H2O,Al Ox/Al,Al2O3,Mn O2和Ti O2组成。转化处理后,铝合金的腐蚀电位正移了约591 m V,腐蚀电流密度由1.10μA/cm2降低为0.48μA/cm2。经过封闭处理后,腐蚀电流密度降低为0.04μA/cm2,耐蚀性明显提高。结论以K2Zr F6和K2Ti F6为主盐在铝合金表面形成的土黄色化学转化膜具有良好的耐蚀性。     

Microstructure and formation mechanism of Ce-based chemical conversion coating on 6063 Al alloy

In order to accelerate the conversion coating formation on 6063 Al alloy in the Ce(NO3)3 solution, accelerants of chloride and ammonium salt were used. The coating morphology, composition and structure were analyzed with SEM/EDS, EPMA, XPS and XRD. The coating morphology is influenced by the composition, pH value and temperature of the treating solution. The coating composed of metal oxide, metal hydroxide and hydrate appears to be amorphous. The elements in the coating are Al, Ce, O, Mn and Mg, while the Ce element exists in the forms of Ce3+ and Ce4+. The accelerant of chloride can increase the compactness and Ce content of the coating, so the coating corrosion resistance is remarkably improved. A scheme for the electrochemical reaction in the coating formation was proposed, and the potential change in the coating formation was also studied. It is found that chloride can shorten the time period of the first and the second stages in coating formation.     

AZ91D镁合金无铬铈盐转化膜的正交试验研究

为了代替剧毒Cr^6＋化学转化膜处理工艺，采用硝酸铈以及高锰酸钾为无铬化学转化处理液的主要成膜成分，通过正交试验优化了以Ce（NO3）3，为主盐的镁合金铈盐化学转化膜工艺，并对成膜规律进行了研究。试验表明，本工艺所获得的铈盐化学转化膜具有优良的外观和良好的耐腐蚀性。此外，借助扫描电镜分析手段对转化膜的微观形貌进行了分析，还对氧化膜成膜机制进行了探讨。     

Conversion coating growth on 2024-T3 Al alloy. The effect of pre-treatments

The cleaning pre-treatments, generally based on alkaline etching and acid pickling, provide a surface standard condition before the application of conversion coatings. In this work, the effect of cleaning pre-treatments on the surface morphology and activity of 2024-T3 Al alloy and on chromium-free Ce-based conversion coatings formation has been studied. Variations in the open circuit potential of the alloy of ~ 1.5 V were registered during the cleaning pre-treatment, accounting for the complex electrochemical phenomena involved. Even though, the presence and concentration of additives such as H₂O₂ was found to be essential to a fast kinetics coating formation, effective cleaning pre-treatments are demonstrated to be associated to the production of grained well structured coatings, allowing necessary redox reactions for conversion coating formation. The effect of copper-rich areas and its effect on the conversion coating growth rate and morphology were also studied using benzotriazole additions at different stages in the cleaning pre-treatments.     

Surface treatment of Cf/Al composites with immersion in aqueous solution containing Ce ions for corrosion barrier

In this study, Ce‐rich coating is investigated as corrosion inhibitor of carbon fibers reinforcement aluminum matrix (Cf/Al) composites. The coatings are obtained by immersion in aqueous solution containing Ce(NO₃)₃ onto composite surface, whereas the Ce‐rich coating process produces a coating with highly heterogeneous nature of the surface, but micro‐cracked layer with “dry‐mud” morphology. The coatings were composed of Ce‐rich nano‐particles, Ce‐rich particles with a sphere‐like morphology, which are agglomerated particles with diameter 4 ～ 8 nm and piled up for this coating. TEM observation for Ce conversion coating of the corresponding ring‐like SAED patterns could not be matched to any of the previously reported structures of cerium compounds. Results of high‐resolution XPS spectra of Ce3d obtained for Ce conversion coating show that the Ce3d spectra has several components with binding energies characteristic of Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺. The Ce‐rich coating process produces effective corrosion protecting of Cf/Al composites, which is verified by electrochemical measurement results. The R_t values of coated sample are higher than those of uncoated sample, this confirms the better corrosion resistance of coating obtained after immersion treatment for Cf/Al composites.     

反应喷涂制备Al2O3-TiB2复相涂层的工艺研究

利用反应喷涂方法在铝合金表面制备Al2 O3-TiB2复相涂层,分析了机械合金化、喷涂温度以及添加粘结剂等工艺对涂层组织形貌的影响,得出了制备涂层较理想的工艺方法,并测试了涂层的显微硬度.结果表明:球磨后的混合粉末添加过量Al粘结剂,经过等离子喷涂可以制得Al2 O3-TiB2复相涂层,涂层组织形貌良好,致密度高,其显...     

Ni-P镀层对Cu/Al钎焊界面结构及性能的影响机制

为了研究Ni-P镀层对Cu/Al异种金属钎焊界面反应的影响,首次采用Zn98Al和BAl67CuSi两种钎料对含/不含Ni-P镀层的T2紫铜与3003铝合金进行了高频钎焊,获得4种不同的钎焊接头,分别对接头Cu侧界面结构、抗剪强度、断口形貌、显微硬度及弯曲形貌进行了系统研究,并与无镀层接头进行对比. 结果表明,T2表面镀覆Ni-P后,Cu/Zn98Al/Al接头中Cu基体/钎缝界面结构由扩散层+8.8 μm厚的Cu_3.2Zn_4.2Al_0.7化合物转变为1.5 μm厚的Al₃Ni化合物,而Cu/BAl67CuSi/Al接头中Cu基体/钎缝界面结构由扩散层+15 μm厚CuAl₂转变为1.8 μm厚Cu₃NiAl₆;与无镀层接头相比,镀覆Ni-P后,Cu/Zn98Al/Al接头强度略有上升,Cu/BAl67CuSi/Al接头强度略有下降,但两种接头的韧性均明显增强,力学性能试验结果与接头Cu侧界面微观组织转变规律相符. 最后建立了Cu/Al接头的界面反应模型,并阐明了Ni-P镀层对Cu/Al接头界面结构和力学性能的影响机制.     

Microstructure and properties of oxalate conversion coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

The oxalate coating formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy by chemical conversion treatment methods in oxalate salt solutions was investigated. The surface morphologies and chemical composition of coating were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive analysis of X-ray (EDX). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization curves and salt spray tests were employed to evaluate corrosion protection of the coating to substrate in 5% NaCl solution. The mechanism of coating formations was also considered in details. The results indicate that a compact and dense surface morphology with fine particle clusters of the oxalate coating on magnesium alloy is presented, which mainly consists of oxide or/and organic of Mg, Al and Zn. And the anti-corrosion of the magnesium after oxalate conversion treatment is better than that of the magnesium substrate. The results of salt spray test for oxalate coating is evaluated as Grade 9 according to ASTM B117. The electric resistance of oxalate chemical conversion coating to substrate is below 0.1 Ω.     

Preparation and corrosion resistance of titanium–zirconium–cerium based conversion coating on 6061 aluminum alloy

This paper aims to develop a chromium-free chemical conversion coating with good corrosion resistance. A novel chemical conversion coating was prepared on 6061 aluminum alloy by dipping in the treatment solution containing titanium/zirconium based-ions and sodium metaphosphate and cerium nitrate hexahydrate as additives. The morphology and composition of the conversion coatings were observed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The microarea structure of conversion coatings at different formation stages was analyzed by electron probe microanalyzer. The electrochemical polarization curve revealed that the corrosion potential of the conversion coating was −0.577 V and the corrosion current density was 0.1148 μA/cm². The equivalent circuit fitted by AC impedance showed that the film resistance reaches 68,140 Ω. The formation of coating preferentially grows on the Al (Fe) Si intermetallic to form oxides of Ti and Zr; then TiO₂ formed by a higher concentration of Ti⁴⁺ gradually covered ZrO₂. Ce³⁺ could adsorb on the intermetallic compound, the hydrolysis of which causes the local pH of the solution to decrease and promotes the aluminum alloy dissolved.