热处理对Au-Pd-Fe合金时效特性的影响

研究了时效温度和保温时间对Au-35Pd-8Fe合金K状态形成的影响,采用XRD、SEM、硬度、电阻率、电阻比、抗拉强度等测试手段对不同热处理合金进行分析。XRD、SEM检测结果表明:发生K状态时Au-35Pd-8Fe合金在不同时效温度下依旧为单相固溶体并未形成析出相,但时效处理后合金的力学电学性能均发生变化。450℃保温3 h时,合金电阻率和抗拉强度均达到最大值,与固溶态相比,硬度增加约14%,电阻率高达123.22μΩ·cm,较固溶态增加约34.75%。时效温度过低时组元振动扩散的能力较低,合金形成偏聚的几率降低,影响K状态的形成,温度过高时合金组元易趋于均匀固溶体排列,破坏K状态的部分偏聚;保温时间过短,原子扩散不充分,K状态转变不完全,保温时间过长,合金组织粗大,影响合金的综合性能。     

两种牙科贵金属铸造合金的组织结构研究

采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和能谱仪等试验方法,研究了Ag-30Au-15Pd-11Cu和Ag-23Pd-11Au-9Cu两种牙科贵金属铸造合金的铸态组织、相结构和相成分。结果表明,2种合金均由面心立方结构的富银富钯固溶体α1和富和富铜固溶体α2两相组成,而金在两相中是均匀分布的。Ag-30Au-15Pd-11Cu合金的铸态显微组织是先共晶的等轴晶α1固溶体加少量片层状（α1 α2）共晶体,Ag-11Au-23Pd-9Cu合金的铸态显微组织是片层状（α1 α2）共晶体加少量先共晶的α1固溶体。     

Ag-0.8Au-0.3Pd-0.03Ru键合合金线冷变形及热处理

研究Ag-0.8Au-0.3Pd-0.03Ru键合合金线冷变形过程中微观组织形貌的变化规律,分析退火温度的不同对Ag-0.8Au-0.3Pd-0.03Ru键合合金线伸长率、拉断力和电阻的影响。研究结果表明,Ag-0.8Au-0.3Pd-0.03Ru键合合金线经过冷变形后,晶粒被拉长拉细成纤维组织,且滑移和孪生是主要的冷变形形式;随着退火温度的升高,0.25 mm的Ag-0.8Au-0.3Pd-0.03Ru键合合金线伸长率增加,拉断力下降,电阻值降低;退火温度在500℃时,Ag-0.8Au-0.3Pd-0.03Ru键合合金线具有优良的综合性能,其伸长率为29%,拉断力为9.32 N,电阻为0.371Ω,且在500℃时合金线出现退火孪晶结构。     

Au-Pd-Zr合金的相图计算及实验验证

利用相图计算软件Pandat计算了Au-Pd-Zr合金的液相面投影图、室温(25℃)的等温截面图、xAu-xPd-Zr合金系的垂直截面图,同时选取了36Au-36Pd-28Zr(at%)合金,基于相图计算与实验验证相结合的方法,研究了该合金的相平衡以及凝固过程。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪对该合金的室温平衡相组成进行了验证。结果表明,相平衡热力学计算结果与实验结果比较吻合,36Au-36Pd-28Zr合金的凝固顺序为:L→L+Pd3Zr→L+Pd3Zr+ZrAu2→Pd3Zr+ZrAu2+ZrAu3。     

混合稀土对金银铜合金组织及硬度的影响

为研究混合稀土元素在金银铜合金内部的分布状态以及混合稀土元素的添加对金银铜合金硬度的影响,使用真空中频感应炉制备了Au-35Ag-5Cu、Au-35Ag-5Cu-1RE合金,并对铸态合金进行不同变形量的轧制加工,探讨了稀土元素的添加、变形量对合金组织及维氏硬度的影响。使用EDS进行了稀土元素分布检测、DSC分析固液相线温度并进行维氏硬度的测量等。结果表明,稀土元素La、Ce、Pr、Nd占据了Au、Ag元素的位置,改变了AuAg两种元素的分布,与Cu固溶效果较好,对Cu元素分布没有显著影响。稀土元素的添加降低了Au-35Ag-5Cu的液相线温度和固相线温度,增大了液相线温度和固相线的温度差。混合稀土元素的添加有助于提高铸态及轧制态金银铜合金的耐磨性。     

Au-12Ge钎料箔材的工艺集成制备与组织演化研究

Au-12Ge共晶合金传统生产工艺操作复杂,重复性差,成品率低。本文采用一体式加工工艺,制备出厚度为20 μm的箔材钎料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究Au-12Ge共晶合金铸态、不同轧制变形量的显微组织形貌,采用同步热分析仪(DSC)研究Au-12Ge箔材的共晶转变温度。结果表明,Au-12Ge共晶合金的铸态组织为Au相和Ge相,随着热轧变形量的增大,Au-12Ge共晶合金组织Ge相经历细化分散到粗化过程,粗大的Ge晶粒内部包裹软质的Au相;Au-12Ge共晶合金箔材的熔点为361℃。     

基于团簇和胶粘原子模型的(Fe-Ni)-B-Y-Nb块体非晶合金

应用团簇+胶粘原子模型在三元Fe-B-Y合金系中设计三元合金成分,选择最密堆的CN10 Archimedes八面体反棱柱Fe8B3作为基本团簇,Y为胶粘原子。在此基础上添加3at%Nb作为微合金化元素形成四元合金。以适量的Ni替换Fe,形成五元合金[(Fe100-xNix)8B3-Y]97-Nb3。结果表明,当Ni的含量小于30at%时,均可形成直径为2 mm的块体非晶合金,其中,合金[(Fe94Ni6)8B3-Y]97-Nb 3具有最大的Tg、Tx和Trg值,分别为：884 K、972 K和0.634。     

基于团簇和胶粘原子模型的(Fe-Ni)-B-Y-Nb块体非晶合金

应用团簇+胶粘原子模型在三元Fe-B-Y合金系中设计三元合金成分,选择最密堆的CN10Archimedes八面体反棱柱Fe8B3作为基本团簇,Y为胶粘原子。在此基础上添加3at%Nb作为微合金化元素形成四元合金。以适量的Ni替换Fe,形成五元合金[(Fe100-xNix)8B3-Y]97-Nb3。结果表明,当Ni的含量小于30at%时,均可形成直径为2mm的块体非晶合金,其中,合金[(Fe94Ni6)8B3-Y]97-Nb3具有最大的Tg、Tx和Trg值,分别为:884K、972K和0.634。     

一种新型Nd基块体非晶合金

在铜模铸造条件下制备了直径2．5mm的Nd61Fe30Zn9块状非晶合金．在普通DSC条件下，没有观察到这种合金的玻璃转变温度，晶化温度为730K，比Nd60Fe30Al10非晶合金的晶化温度低约70K，因此该合金的热稳定性较低．熔化行为分析表明，合金Nd61Fe30Zn9的熔化过程为单峰吸热过程，且熔化区间仅为54K，说明该合金的成分接近合金的共晶成分，但母合金的自然凝固组织不具有共晶凝固特点，表现为粗大的枝晶状组织．讨论了成分和组织对合金非晶形成能力的影响．     

铁基块状非晶合金的制备及性能

采用工业材料利用铜模浇注方法制备了直径为1．5mm的Fe60Co8Zr10Mo5W2B15块状非晶合金．利用XRD和DSC对非晶合金铸态结构及热稳定性进行了分析．该合金的玻璃转变温度Tg、晶化开始温度Tx、过冷液相区△Tx(Tx-Tg)及约化玻璃转变温度Trg(Tg／Tm)分别为891K，950K，59K和0．62．Moessbauer谱为宽化、非对称的双线谱，表明该合金为顺磁性的非晶合金．该合金在3．5％NaCl溶液和1mol／L HCl溶液中表现出良好的抗腐蚀性能，电化学阻抗谱为单一的容抗弧．而且在3．5％NaCl溶液中测得的极化曲线上存在钝化区．合金硬度为HV1032．     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

Rheology Feature of Simple Metal Melt

The rheology feature of Sb, Bi melt and alloys was studied using coaxial cylinder high-temperature viscometer. The results showed that the curve of torsion-rotational speed for Sb melt presents a linear relation in all measured temperature ranges, whereas for the Bi melt, the curve presents obvious non-Newtonian feature within the low temperature range and at relative high shear stress. The rheology feature of Sb80Bi20 and Sb20Bi80 alloy melts was well correlated with that of Sb and Bi, respectively. It is considered that the rheology behavior of Sb melt plays a crucial role in Sb80Bi20 alloy and that of Bi melt plays a crucial role in Sb20Bi80 alloy.     

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of a Newly Developed Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel

The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of a newly developed austenitic heat resistant steel(named as T8 alloy) for ultra-supercritical applications have been studied. Results show that the main phases in the alloy after solution treatment are γ and primary MX. Subsequent aging treatment causes the precipitation of M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries and a small number of nanoscale MX inside the grains. In addition, with increasing the aging temperature and time, the morphology of M_(23)C_6 carbides changes from semi-continuous chain to continuous network.Compared with a commercial HR3C alloy, T8 alloy has comparable tensile strength, but higher stress rupture strength. The dominant cracking mechanism of the alloy during tensile test at room temperature is transgranular, while at high temperature, intergranular cracking becomes the main cracking mode, which may be caused by the precipitation of continuous M_(23)C_6 carbides along the grain boundaries. Typical intergranular cracking is the dominant cracking mode of the alloy at all stress rupture tests.     

Three-Dimensional Growth of Coherent Ferrite in Austenite: A Molecular Dynamics Study

Coherent second phase often exhibits anisotropic morphology with specifi c orientations with respect to both the second and the matrix phases. As a key feature of microstructure, the morphology of the coherent particles is essential for understanding the second-phase strengthening eff ect in various industrial alloys. This letter reports anisotropic growth of coherent ferrite from austenite matrix in pure iron based on molecular dynamics simulation. We found that the ferrite grain tends to grow into an elongated plate-like shape, independent of its initial confi guration. The fi nal shape of the ferrite is closely related to the misfi t between the two phases, with the longest direction and the broad facet of the plate being, respectively, consistent with the best matching direction and the best matching plane calculated via the Burgers vector content(BVC) method. The strain energy calculation in the framework of Eshelby's inclusion theory verifi es that the simulated orientation of the coherent ferrite is energetically favorable. It is anticipated that the BVC method will be applicable in analysis of anisotropic growth and morphology of coherent second phase in other phase transformation systems.     

The 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014held in Qingdao China

Organized by Suppliers China Co., Ltd and co-organized by the National Technical Committee 54 on Foundry of Standardization Administration of China, the 15th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2014 （hereinafter referred to as FSC 2014） was successfully held on Sep. 23rd in Grand Regency Hotel, Qingdao. More than 500 delegates from home and abroad attended this conference, including over 130 purchasers from 20 countries and 380 domestic and foreign suppliers.     

Secondary Recrystallization Behaviors of Grain-Oriented 6.5 wt% Silicon Steel Sheets Produced by Rolling and Nitriding Processes

By rolling and nitriding processes, 0.23- to 0.3-mm-thick grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel sheets were produced. The core losses of grain-oriented 6.5 wt% silicon steel at frequencies ranging from 400 Hz to 20 k Hz were lower than that of the grain-oriented 3 wt% silicon steel with the same thickness by 16.6–35.8%. The secondary recrystallization behavior was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electron backscattered diffraction. The results show that the secondary recrystallization in high-silicon steel sheets develops more completely as the nitrogen content increases after nitriding, secondary recrystallized grain sizes become larger, and the sharpness of Goss texture increases. Because more {110}116 grains in the subsurface and the central layer of the sheets have a lot of 20°–45° high-energy boundaries in addition to Goss grains, {110}116 can be the main component through selective growth during secondary recrystallization when the inhibitor quantity is not enough and inhibitor intensity is weaker. The increases in nitrogen content can increase the inhibitor intensity and hinder abnormal growth of a mount of {110}116 grains and therefore enhance the sharpness of Goss texture.     

Laser Cladded TiCN Coatings on the Surface of Titanium

Laser cladded coatings of TiCN were produced on the surface of titanium. To obtain the optimal techniques, several conditions were tested by varying the laser scanning rate. The choice of shielding gas was also studied. The cladded coatings were then evaluated from the surface mechanics point of view based on their microhardness. The microstructure of some interesting samples was investigated by optical micrographs (OM). The results showed that under the condition of fixed pulse frequency and pulse width, the laser scanning rate and the shielding gas are the main factors influencing the components of coatings. TiCN coatings were decompounded and oxidized during the cladding process in the condition of no shielding gas of N2. X-ray diffraction results indicated that the composite coatings composed of TiCN, TiC, Ti2N, and TiO2 were produced using appropriate techniques. The results indicated that the best condition in terms of the surface microhardness is obtained when the scanning rate is 1.5mm / s, the pulse frequency is 15Hz, the pulse width is 3.0ms, and N2 is chosen as the shielding gas. The microhardness of the composite coatings is about 1331kg · mm - 2, which is about 4 times that of the substrate. The optical micrographs indicated that the cladding zone is made up of TiCN, TiO2, and some interdendritic Ti, but the diffusion zone mainly consists of the dendrites phase, and the cladded depth is about 80?滋m, which is more than 2 times that of the laser nitrided sample. There were no microcracks or air bubbles in the cladded sample, which was cladded using the above optimal techniques.     

Effect of Short-Time Aging on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of a Novel Lean Duplex Stainless Steel 2002

The effect of short-time aging in the temperature range between 400 and 1000 °C on the pitting corrosion behavior and mechanical property of a novel lean duplex stainless steel(LDSS) 2002 was investigated through the potentiostatic critical pitting temperature(CPT) tests and the Charpy impact tests. Both the pitting corrosion resistance and the toughness of aged specimens degraded due to the precipitation of detrimental secondary phases and the most significant reduction of CPT and impact energy emerged at 650 °C concurrently. The CPT of LDSS 2002 specimen aged at 650 °C decreased by 28 °C, and the impact energy dropped from 69 to 29 J/cm~2 compared with the solution-annealed sample. Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the main precipitates in LDSS 2002 were Cr_2N and M_(23)C_6 along the ferrite–austenite grain boundaries.     

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正The Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China,founded in 1991 and sponsored by The Nonferrous Metals Society of China,is published monthly now and mainly contains reports of original research which reflect the new progresses in the field of nonferrous metals science and technology,including mineral processing,extraction metallurgy,metallic materials and heat treatments,metal working,physical metallurgy,powder metallurgy,with the emphasis