基于多路延迟结构的频率估计新算法研究

针对多路延迟数字测频结构，提出了基于多级维纳滤波( MSWF)的MUSIC频率估计方法。该方法利用MSWF的前向递推的多级分解特性来实现信号子空间和噪声子空间的快速估计，不需要估计协方差矩阵和对其作特征值分解，所以运算复杂度可以明显降低，并且子空间估计性能与常规方法几乎一样。最后在子空间分解的基础上，通过MUSIC算法对其频率估计性能进行比较。仿真结果表明MSWF-MUSIC算法和常规子空间分解MUSIC算法具有几乎一样的频率估计精度；但本文箅法降低了计算量和复杂度，更易于信号的实时处理；随信噪比或快拍数的增加，两算法的频率估计误差都越来越趋近于Cramer—Rao界。     

双重优化的宽带聚焦波束形成算法研究

在相干信号子空间法中确定聚焦矩阵时,对初始方向估计的偏差和聚焦频率选择的偏差都会影响最终的聚焦效果,甚至会使算法失效。针对这个缺陷,提出了一种双重优化的宽带聚焦波束形成算法。该算法利用稳健Capon波束形成算法对聚焦矩阵进行修正,使宽带信号通过修正的聚焦矩阵全部聚焦在最佳聚焦频率上,再对窄带数据利用2阶锥方法实现波束形成。计算机仿真以及湖试实验结果表明,该算法在保证波束恒定的前提下,在各个频率点都具有更低的旁瓣级。     

基于加权-改进MUSIC算法的相干信号波达方向估计

针对传统波达方向估计算法对相干信号失效的问题,提出了基于加权-改进多信号分类法(MUSIC)的波达方向估计算法。该算法首先对接收数据协方差矩阵进行重构,进而构造出新的噪声子空间,再根据特征值大小对噪声子空间特征向量进行加权,完成对相干信号的波达方向估计。仿真分析表明,算法成功地完成了对相干信号的波达方向估计。     

基于贝叶斯估计的加权最小二乘分布式融合

针对不同观测矩阵加权最小二乘算法没有考虑到模型参数本身信息的共同缺点,提出基于贝叶斯估计的带不同观测矩阵的加权最小二乘分布式(Bayes Estimation Weighted Least Square,BEWLS)融合Kalman滤波算法。该方法首先采用推广的离散卡尔曼滤波对非线性系统线性化,然后在考虑模型参数本身的先验信息条件下,采用基于贝叶斯(Bayes)估计方法对Kalman滤波算法的观测方程进行加权最小二乘融合。BEWLS融合算法减少了计算负担,提高了融合精度,便于实时应用。理论和仿真证明:BEWLS融合具有优越性。     

基于子空间加权的多重信号分类时延估计算法

针对水下探测通信一体化干扰抑制中时延估计误差对主动干扰抑制性能的影响,以及常规多重信号分类(MUSIC)时延估计方法因数据长度有限、信噪比低使得信号与噪声子空间不完全正交,导致时延估计性能下降的问题,提出了基于子空间加权的MUSIC时延估计方法。该方法通过重构噪声子空间,并利用信号特征值与噪声功率构造加权值,对子空间进行加权,实现对MUSIC时延估计谱的修正。仿真结果表明,所提方法较互相关法、MUSIC算法和SSMUSIC算法具有更高的时延估计精度,以及更优的时延分辨率。     

InSAR干涉相位图的多级降噪滤波方法

在InSAR干涉相位图降噪滤波中,目前普遍采用的周期均值滤波、加权周期中值滤波和Goldstein滤波等滤波方法均有一定的的局限性,文章提出一种将加权周期中值滤波、Goldstein滤波和小波降噪滤波相结合的多级降噪滤波方法,并通过对实测数据的处理,证明了该算法在有效滤除噪声的同时,可以较好地保持干涉图的条纹信息。     

基于无噪协方差矩阵变换的宽带测向算法

宽带测向一直是阵列信号处理领域研究的热点。本文提出了一种基于无噪协方差矩阵变换的宽带测向算法。该算法通过构造变换矩阵，把各个窄带频率处的无噪协方差矩阵变换到聚焦频率处，然后应用子空间的方法得到波达方向估计值。与通常的信号子空间宽带测向算法相比，本文提出的算法不需要对波达方向进行预估计。理论分析证明了本文波达方向估计算法的无偏性。把该算法应用到均匀线阵上，仿真实验结果证明了算法的有效性。     

基于多重信号分类法的线性调频差频频率估计

针对傅里叶方法估计线性调频连续波差频信号频率在小尺度上精度低的缺陷,提出利用多重信号分类法(Multiple Signal Classification,MUSIC)估计差频信号频率.该方法在频域上对自相关功率谱进行信号和噪声的空间分解,利用信号空间和噪声空间的正交性,完成对信号频率的超分辨估计.仿真计算和实验室测试表...     

基于二维DFT变换的调频引信信号处理方法

针对无线电调频引信信号处理难以对目标距离-速度信息进行联合估计,提出了基于二维DFT(离散傅里叶变换)变换的调频引信信号处理方法。该方法把无线电调频引信的一维差频信号变换为二维矩阵,然后对二维矩阵数据进行二维DFT变换。通过二维DFT变换后的二维频域信息联合估计差频信号中的距离,速度信息。仿真试验表明,该方法能够利用无线电调频引信差频信号进行运动目标距离-速度联合估计,为无线电调频引信实现高精度分档装定,干扰信号识别提供了一种技术途径。     

复解析小波变换的圆阵波达方向估计方法

针对多重信号分类的圆阵高分辨波达方向估计方法不稳定问题,提出了复解析小波变换的圆阵波达方向估计方法。该方法通过复解析小波变换将圆阵拾取数据转换为一定频带复解析数据,在时域对复解析数据进行时延补偿,并采用多采样点累积处理方式对时延补偿后复解析数据构造协方差矩阵,对协方差矩阵进行特征分解,并对分解所得各子空间特征向量进行累积求和,获得各子空间获空间谱,对各子空间合成空间谱进行极大值判决处理,提高目标子空间空间谱在最终合成空间谱中的比重。数值仿真及实测数据处理结果均表明,相比频域多重信号分类方法,通过时域多点累积处理和极大值判决处理,最低信噪比的宽容性得到了5 dB以上的改善。     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Passive Acoustic Radar for Detecting Supersonic Cruise Missile

A Passive Acoustic Radar is presented as a necessary complement to electromagnetic wave radar, which will be expected to be an effective means for detecting cruise missiles. Acoustic characteristics of supersonic flying projectiles with diverse shapes are expounded via experiment. It is pointed out that simulation experiment could be implemented using bullet or shell instead of cruise missile. Based on theoretical analysis and experiment, the ““acoustic fingerprint““ character of cruise missile is illustrated to identify it in a strong noise environment. After establishing a locating mathematical model, the technique of acoustic embattling is utilized to resolve a problem of confirming the time of early-warning, considering the fact that velocity of sound is much slower than that of light. Thereby, a whole system of passive acoustic radar for detecting supersonic cruise missile is formed.     

Design and Analysis of Test Schemes of Static Postponing Time on Shrapnels Used to Riot Control

The test scheme of static postponing time given in our actual national military test standard on shrapnels used to control riot is a nine-point test scheme on the combined action of three kinds of temperatures and three kinds of pressures,the consumed ammunitions are more excessive. Statistic analysis and tentative checkout about a lot of test data are done,feasibility gists are put forward for optimizing of the test design scheme. The optimizing design and data analysis of test scheme of the item are done by managing uniformity design theory, two scientific and reasonable six-point test schemes are confirmed. The feasibility and reliability of the optimizing design schemes put forward above are proved ulteriorly by test validating. The gained schemes not only have good design uniformity and little ammunition wastage and meet the test demand, but also have better forecast ability for the result data of other points using the mathematic models from the actual test points.     

Super-resolution Restoration of Remote-sensing Images

A novel image restoration scheme, which is super-resolution image restoration algorithm Poisson-maximum-afterword-probability based on Markvo constraint （MPMAP） combined with evaluating image detail parameter D, has been proposed. The advantage of super-resolution algorithm MPMAP incorporated with parameter D lies in the fact that superresolution algorithm MPMAP model is discrete, which is in accordance with remote-sensing imaging model, and the algorithm MPMAP is proved applicable to linear and non-linear imaging models with a unique solution when noise is not severe. According to simulation experiments for practical images, super-resolution algorithm MPMAP can retain image details better than most of traditional restoration methods; at the same time, the proposed parameter D can help to identify real point spread function （PSF） value of degradation process. Processing result of practical remote-sensing images by MPMAP combined with parameter D are given, it illustrates that MPMAP restoration scheme combined PSF estimation has a better restoration result than that of Photoshop processing, based on the same original images. It is proved that the proposed scheme is helpful to offset the lack of resolution of the original remote-sensing images and has its extensive application foreground.     

Design and Simulation of TF and TA Controller for Missile

A nonlinear terrain following(TF) and terrain avoidance(TA) controller is proposed for missile control systems. Based on classical TF algorithm (adaptive angle method), a new method for TF controller is proposed by using angle of attack. A method of obtaining terrain outline data from digital elevation map (DEM) for TF control is discussed in order to save store space. A TA algorithm is proposed by using bank-to-turn technique. The block control model, which is suitable for backstepping design, is given for nonlinear model of missile. Making full use of the characteristics of the system and combining block control principle and backstepping technique, a robust controller design method is proposed. Uncertainties in every sub-block are allowed, and can be canceled by using the idea of nonlinear damping. It is proved that the state tracking errors are converged to a neighborhood of the origin exponentially. Finally, nonlinear six-degree-of-freedom simulation results for the missile model are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.     

Design of Non-fragile Satisfactory Estimator for Linear Continuous Perturbed Stochastic Systems

The design problem of non-fragile estimator is addressed for a class of perturbed linear continuous systems. The perturbations occur on the plant and estimator parameters. The estimator designed should force the error system to achieve the desired decay rate and force the steady error variance less than the specified upper bound irrdevancy of the admissible plant perturbations and estimator perturbations. Consistency problem of the decay rate with the variance upper bound is first considered via linear matrix inequality （LMI） approach. The solution of the estimator parameter under specifications to be consistent is then discussed. The consistency condition of specifications and estimator parameter solution are transformed to feasible or minimum problems subject to a set of LMI respectively. The method is illustrated by a numerical example.     

An Improved Scene-based Nonuniformity Correction Algorithm for Infrared Focal Plane Arrays Using Neural Networks

The improved scene-based adaptive nonuniformity correction （NUC） algorithms using a neural network （NNT） approach for infrared image sequences are presented and analyzed. The retlna-like neural networks using steepest descent model was the first proposed infrared focal plane arrays （IRFPA） nonuniformity compensation method, which can perform parameter estimation of the sensors over time on a frame by frame basis. To increase the strength and the robustness of the NNT algorithm and to avoid the presence of ghosting artifacts, some optimization techniques, including momentum term, regularization factor and adaptive learning rate, were executed in the parameter learning process. In this paper, the local median filtering result of Xij （ n ） is proposed as an alternative value of desired network output of neuron Xij （ n ）, denoted as Tij （ n ）, which is the local spatial average of Xij （ n ） in traditional NNT methods. Noticeably, the NUC algorithm is inter-frame adaptive in nature and does not rely on any statistical assumptions on the scene data in the image sequence. Applications of this algorithm to the simulated video sequences and real infrared data taken with PV320 show that the correction results of image sequence are better than that of using original NNT approach, especially for the short-time image sequences （several hundred frames） subjected to the dense impulse noises with a number of dead or saturated pixels.     

Piecewise Filter of Infrared Image Based on Moment Theory

The disadvantages of IR images mostly include high noise, blurry edge and so on. The characteristics make the existent smoothing methods ineffective in preserving edge, To solve this problem, a piecewise moment filter （PMF） is put forward. By using moment and piecewise linear theory, the filter can preserve edge. Based on the statistical model of random noise, a related-coefficient method is presented to estimate the variance of noise. The edge region and model are then detected by the estimated variance. The expectation of first-order derivatives is used in getting the reliable offset of edge. At last, a fast moment filter of double-stair edge model is used to gain the piecewise smoothing results and reduce the calculation. The experimental result shows that the new method has a better capability than other methods in suppressing noise and preserving edge.     

Bistatic Sonar Localization Based on Best Linear Unbiased Estimation

A best linear unbiased estimation （BLUE） algorithm for bistatic sonar localization is proposed. The Cramer-Rao bound for bistatic Sonar and the geometrical dilution of precision （GDOP） in different conditions are given. The simulation results show that the location accuracy of BLUE algorithm is higher than the weighted least square method.     

Research on Gear-broken Fault Diagnosis in a Tank Gearbox

A fault diagnosis method of working position gear in a tank gearbox is put forward based on simulating the fault of working position gear in an actual tank, extracting the envelope of vibration signal by Hilbert transformation amplitude demodulation method, and zooming the low-frequency band to envelope signal.