大溪水库溢洪闸静动力三维有限元分析

主要介绍了应用大型通用有限元软件对大溪水库溢洪闸进行三维有限元静、动力分析的方法,采用更为合理的接触分析模型模拟侧向土压力作用下闸室底板与基岩的张开效应,研究探讨了闸室结构在各种工况下的变形及应力分布规律,进而了解闸室结构在设计条件下的工作形态,评价结构的安全性能,并根据三维有限元静动力分析成果优化了闸室的结构设计,使结构布置更为合理,在实际工程中取得了良好的效果。     

某水闸地基桩基础与沉井基础方案优化选择

针对深基础水闸结构地基处理方案的比选未能考虑结构间相互作用的问题,以江苏省沿海某挡潮闸为例,利用ANSYS软件分别建立了考虑闸室、基础和地基的三维有限元整体模型,分别对钻孔灌注桩基础和沉井基础两种地基处理方案的水闸整体结构进行了计算分析,推荐沉井基础方案为最优方案。建议在实际工程设计中采用三维空间有限元法进行深基础水闸结构地基处理方案的比选。     

护目镜式水闸结构及稳定分析

针对护目镜式水闸上部结构特殊、受力条件复杂致使对其进行结构及稳定分析难度较大的问题,以山东省某护目镜式水闸为例建立了三维有限元数值模型,采用ANSYS软件计算了闸室段各部位及基底的应力状况,得出拱形桁架及闸门槽部位承受拉应力较大,配筋及实际施工过程中应予以重点关注。同时对护目镜式水闸的安全稳定性进行了评价,指出护目镜式水闸是一种安全新颖的水闸型式。     

水闸闸室抗震动力分析及措施

在水闸闸室抗震设计中,为充分考虑闸室结构空间振动的耦联影响,建立了能反映闸室结构实际情况的空间三维计算模型,采用振型分解反应谱法对闸室结构进行了抗震动力计算,并以嶂山闸闸室为例,结合闸室结构地震作用效应的分析结果,提出了有针对性的抗震措施,达到了减小地震作用效应、增强闸室抗震性能的目的。     

尾矿坝排渗墙渗流控制效果计算分析

针对渗透破坏影响尾矿坝安全问题,以尾矿坝工程为例,采用有限元方法,构建了不同排渗墙布置方案的有限元模型,模拟了排渗墙及其排水管等结构的渗流特点,分析了其降低坝体浸润面的能力,最终确定了排渗墙的尺寸和位置。     

考虑砂浆冻融作用的浆砌石水闸应力变形特性分析

浆砌石水闸在长期运行过程中,受外界冻融作用,水泥砂浆易产生劣化效应,影响其应力变形特性和服役寿命。考虑到冻融作用对水泥砂浆力学性能的劣化效应,结合红旗渠分水闸工程,利用ABAQUS有限元软件,建立拱圈及闸室结构精细的三维有限元模型,研究了不同劣化程度下闸室的应力和变形情况。结果表明,随着劣化程度的加重,该工程闸室在拱顶附近和交通桥墩处逐渐出现应力集中,应力和变形基本呈曲线变化,且变化速率越来越大。这些部位是闸室的薄弱部位,在结构设计和安全运行监测时应给予足够重视。     

海甸峡面板堆石坝高趾墙性态计算研究

根据初步设计布置方案，对海句峡面板堆石坝及其高趾墙的工作性态进行三维有限元计算研究，详细分析了高趾墙的变形、应力等工作性态，论证了高趾墙设计方案的合理性。     

地基断层对塔体侧墙的应力和位移场的影响

对黑河引水工程金盆水利枢纽泄洪洞放水塔结构用空间有限元作了三维应力分析,给出各种荷载工况下的应力及位移场,着重研究地基断层对塔体侧墙的应力和位移分析,为工程设计提供参考.     

深厚覆盖层上闸坝坝基振冲桩处理方案优选

针对深厚覆盖层层次结构复杂、细砂与淤泥质层承载力不足的问题,以甲米一级水电站闸坝工程为例,采用D-P非线性本构模型,进行三维有限元数值模拟计算,分析了控制工况下的闸基变形特征及振冲效果。结果表明,控制工况天然地基条件下闸基承载力不满足要求,振冲地基后闸室变形和闸基承载力均满足现行规范要求。对振冲桩桩深和桩距的敏感性分析得出闸室各方向位移随振冲深度增加和振冲桩桩距减小而减小,其中铅直向位移最敏感。因此,要综合考虑振冲效果、施工难度和工程投资,选择最优地基处理方案。     

峡江水电站泄洪闸~#11闸室抗滑稳定分析

为分析峡江水电站泄洪闸#11闸室的稳定性,将锚筋桩抗剪能力等效至潜在滑动面,采用非线性有限元方法计算获得了不同方案下闸室的深层抗滑能力。结果表明,不同方案下#11闸室的滑动破坏模式基本一致,但抗滑能力有所不同,只有将A、B护坦连成整体且将A区护坦中后部锚固加密至3Φ36mm@2×2.5m以上时闸室的深层抗滑能力才满足现行规范要求。     

调压室结构有限元应力分析及配筋设计

针对黄金坪水电站阻抗长廊式调压室空间结构受力条件复杂的问题,采用FLAC3D软件对调压室结构及其外部围岩进行了数值模拟,分析了不同工况下调压室衬砌结构的受力状况,并依据三维数值分析结果对调压室衬砌结构进行了配筋设计。结果表明,该调压室结构配筋设计应将最高涌浪水位工况作为控制工况,阻抗板为调压室衬砌受力最大的部位,为结构配筋的重点。     

Numerical study of thermal stresses in high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC)

The purpose of this work is to numerically examine the thermal stress distributions in a high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) based on a phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane. A fluid structure interaction (FSI) method is adopted to simulate the expansion/compression that arises in various components of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) during the HT-PEMFC assembly processes, as well as during cell operations. First, three-dimensional (3-D) finite element method (FEM) simulations are conducted to predict the cell deformation during cell clamping. Then, a nonisothermal computational fluid dynamic (CFD)-based HT-PEMFC model developed in a previous study [1] is applied to the deformed cell geometry to estimate the key species and temperature distributions inside the cell. Finally, the temperature distributions obtained from these CFD simulations are employed as the input load for 3-D FEM simulations. The present numerical study provides a fundamental understanding of the stress–temperature interaction during HT-PEMFC operations and demonstrates that the coupled FEM/CFD HT-PEMFC model presented in this paper can be used as a useful tool for optimizing HT-PEMFC clamping and operating conditions.     

Shape identification for inverse geometry heat conduction problems by FEM without iteration

The boundary geometry shape is identified by the finite element method (FEM) without iteration and mesh reconstruction for two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) inverse heat conduction problems. First, the direct heat conduction problem with the exact domain is solved by the FEM and the temperatures of measurement points are obtained. Then, by introducing a virtual boundary, a virtual domain is formed. By minimizing the difference between the temperatures of measurement points in the exact domain and those in the virtual domain, the temperatures of the points on the virtual boundary are calculated based on the least square error method and the Tikhonov regularization. Finally, the objective geometry shape can be estimated by the method of searching the isothermal curve or isothermal surface for 2-D or 3-D problems, respectively. In the process, no iterative calculation is needed. The proposed method has a tremendous advantage in reducing the computational time for the inverse geometry problems. Numerical examples are presented to test the validity of the proposed approach. Meanwhile, the influences of measurement noise, virtual boundary, measurement point number, and measurement point position on the boundary geometry prediction are also investigated in the examples. The solutions show that the method is accurate and efficient to identify the unknown boundary geometry configurations for 2-D and 3-D heat conduction problems.     

CA6110/125Z型柴油机活塞三维有限元分析及结构改进

在CA6110／125Z型柴油机活塞温度场测量试验的基础上，用三维有限元法获得了此活塞的温度场和应力场。计算结果显示，活塞特别是第一道环槽温度过高是导致柴油机长时间运转后出现活塞环胶洁和活塞产生裂纹的原因。据此，对该活塞做了相应的改进设计和疲劳安全系数的计算。     

N490型柴油机机体强度有限元分析

利用Pro/Engineer软件建立了N490型柴油机机体三维模型,并对其进行合理简化,在AnsysWorkbench中对三维实体模型进行网格划分,得到有限元模型,对机体受力和载荷进行了分析和简化,分别计算了在各缸最大爆发压力工况下的应力和变形,计算结果表明：应力集中主要出现在作功气缸的机体顶面螺栓孔附近、轴承孔附近以及隔板的加强筋处,机体中间隔板和主轴承盖刚度较差,获得的结论对指导发动机机体结构改进设计具有一定的参考价值。     

三维有限元分析在发动机改进设计中的应用

为解决双缸水平对置风冷柴油机存在的活塞环粘结问题，首先对已知温度场的同类型的TY180F发动机活塞进行了三维有限元分析，以验证数学模型的正确性；然后建立了双缸风冷柴油机的三维有限元模型，按照TY180F发动机活塞的分析过程并充分考虑风冷柴油机传热的特点确定了传热边界条件，对活塞温度场进行了有限元计算和分析。最后根据计算结果对发动机冷却系统进行了必要的改进，试验结果表明改进后的活塞能避免活塞环粘结问题的发生。     

8300柴油机曲轴的三维有限元计算分析

用ansys软件对8300柴油机曲轴单拐进行了三维有限元计算分析,特别对其载荷和边界条件的处理做了详细讨论。并对该曲轴进行了疲劳校核,提出了提高曲轴强度的方案。     

一种快速的三维凸型混凝土骨料随机投放算法

基于投放区域均匀化思想,由随机长方体基骨料生成单个骨料,建立骨料材料库,实现了大体积的凸型混凝土骨料随机快速投放。凸型多面体骨料能够较好地模拟骨料实际形状,达到简单快速的目的,为混凝土不均质性有限元研究和细观渐进均匀化有限元研究提供合理准确的模型。简单的不均质计算和三维均匀化计算算例说明了本算法的有效性。     

X6135柴油机曲轴强度的三维有限元研究

对连续梁法对Ｘ６１３５柴油机曲轴进行了计算，并以某一曲拐为代表用三维有限元法对应力的具体分布进行了深入研究、得出的结论可用作改善曲轴强度的参考依据。     

A numerical method for lower bound limit analysis of 3-D structures with multi-loading systems

The determination of lower bound limit load of 3-D structures is by no means an easy task, especially for complex configurations and loading systems. In our previous work, a numerical method of upper bound limit analysis for 3-D structures with multi-loading systems was proposed. This method combines FEM and mathematical programming technique in an iterative procedure. In the present article, on the basis of the nature of the iterative procedure for upper bound limit analysis, the statically admissible stress fields, which satisfies the equilibrium equation and boundary conditions, are constructed using some intermediate variables obtained by upper bound limit analysis procedure. Moreover, a mathematical programming formulation is set up for the static limit analysis of 3-D structures under multi-loading systems and a direct iterative algorithm used to determine the lower bound limit load multiplier is proposed, which depends on the static theorem of plasticity. The numerical examples are given to demonstrate the applicability of the procedure.