桥梁健康与安全监测系统的若干问题研究

大型桥梁健康与安全监测是近年来国际上的研究热点,国内几座特大型桥梁已经或者将要配置安全监测系统。基于大量调查研究、实际桥梁考查的基础上,就桥梁健康与安全监测系统存在的问题及发展趋势进行了着重的分析。首先简要总结了近年来国内外桥梁健康监测的研究状况,然后就健康安全监测系统的定位问题进行了分析,给出了一个较为现实的定位,着重分析了目前该类系统存在的一些具体问题,针对这些问题给出了部分对策,最后探讨了桥梁健康监测系统的发展趋势,以期对大型桥梁的健康监测系统的“健康”发展有所帮助。     

基于健康监测与人工检查的武汉市桥群联网监测平台

武汉市大型桥梁众多,已配备了桥梁安全监测系统独立运行,桥梁管理主要为人工管理。通过搭建桥群联网监测平台,可以有效地通过整合前期各座桥梁监测系统,同时兼顾桥梁日常检测、维修、养护的数字化、信息化工作,转变目前桥梁安全管理的业务模式,提升桥梁常规工作的科学化、数字化管理水平。     

桥梁结构健康安全监测系统的应用

通过介绍国内外一些重要的大跨度、特大型桥梁建设的工程建设实例,分析了桥梁结构健康安全监测系统的现状,明确了建立桥梁结构健康监测系统的重要性和必要性,提出了桥梁结构健康安全监测系统应用的新思路及发展方向。     

基于结构安全监测系统数据分析的组合梁斜拉桥结构安全评估

桥梁荷载试验可以直接测量桥梁结构特性,桥梁安全监测系统主要是对桥跨结构安全性能指标进行监测。论文结合工程实例,从桥梁静载试验主梁挠度、结构空间变位、拉索索力、桥梁动力特性方面,对比荷载试验与结构安全监测系统数据,检验运营期桥梁结构安全监测系统的可靠性。     

上承式铁路拱桥健康监测系统设计

桥梁健康监测目前已广泛应用于大型桥梁的运营管理和维护中。文章以某上承式铁路拱桥为背景,研究设计了整个监测系统的监测内容和布点原则、总体系统构成和各模块功能,对桥梁的安全与预警评估模块设计进行了简要介绍。健康监测系统的设计与实施,对提升桥梁的运营安全和桥梁整体管养水平有着重要作用,可为国内同类工程参考。     

浅议桥梁结构健康监测系统

对桥梁结构健康监测的传感器系统、数据采集与传输系统、数据处理与控制系统及桥梁健康评估系统进行了论述,指出了目前国内外桥梁结构健康监测系统存在的差距,阐述了应用桥梁结构健康监测系统的意义,旨在保证桥梁运营安全。     

基于Zigbee的无线传感器网络在桥梁健康监测系统中的应用探究

桥梁的建设和维护是国家基础设施建设的重要组成部分,桥梁健康监测技术能有效的保证桥梁的安全运营,保障人民群众的生命财产安全。桥梁健康监测系统通过对桥梁结构状态的监测与分析,为桥梁在特殊气候、复杂交通环境下和桥梁结构状况异常时发布预警信号,为桥梁的管理、养护与维修提供科学的依据。目前国内外桥梁监测系统大多为有线网络系统,存在着网络安装布线成本高昂、设备移动和网络结构灵活性差、节点智能化程度低等问题。为此,本文提出并设计实现了基于Zigbee协议的无线传感器桥梁健康监测网络系统。与传统的桥梁监测系统相比该系统具有成本低、可靠性高、安装方便、维护更新费用低等优势。本文针对桥梁健康监测技术的发展现状和无线传感器网络技术的应用,阐述了无线传感器网络的结构、分层模型和关键技术,将Zigbee技术应用于桥梁健康监测的无线传感器网络。对TI的基于Zigbee2006标准的协议栈Z-Stack进行了剖析。设计了适用于桥梁健康监测的网络拓扑结构,结合系统监测指标,给出基于Zigbee桥梁健康监测系统总体方案。     

润扬大桥结构健康监测策略研究

桥梁结构健康监测与安全评估系统是桥梁结构养护决策系统的支撑条件之一,是保证大跨桥梁正常安全运营的重要手段.文章对建立大跨桥梁结构健康监测系统的关键问题--大跨桥梁结构健康监测策略进行了分析研究,重点讨论了桥梁结构健康监测项目的选择依据以及传感器优化布设的原则与依据,提出了润扬大桥结构安全健康监测系统的传感器测点布置.     

城市桥梁施工和运营阶段智能监测研究现状分析

近年来城市桥梁施工和运营阶段的安全问题日趋严重,而城市桥梁智能监测系统是提高城市桥梁安全管理水平的有效手段。文中分析了城市桥梁智能监测系统的背景和组成,重点阐述了城市桥梁智能监测的发展历史、研究现状,总结当前研究在传感设备、数据传输、监测系统方面的进展和不足。针对当前研究的缺陷,结合无线传感、边缘计算、人工智能、BIM等新技术,给出了城市桥梁施工和运营阶段智能监测系统的未来发展方向,可为相关研究提供参考。     

在役大型T构桥梁健康监测系统设计

桥梁健康监测系统目前已被广泛应用于大型桥梁工程的管理和维护中。本文以324国道乌龙江大桥为工程背景,介绍了在役的大型T构桥梁健康监测系统的总体设计原则、系统构成及其各模块功能,分析了数据采集与传输系统设计的总体思路和框架,并对桥梁安全与预警系统模块设计思路进行了简要的讨论。乌龙江大桥桥梁健康监测系统的实施,对评定该桥的安全运营状态,提高桥梁的管理水平,保证结构的安全性和可靠性,都将发挥重要作用。     

A vision monitoring system for multipoint deflection of large-span bridge based on camera networking

This paper proposes a vision monitoring system for multipoint deflection of a large-span bridge that can well compensate the camera motion–induced errors. The camera network system (CNS) consists of a series of dual-camera stations that are linked with the cooperative markers. The infrared illumination supplement device is integrated in the camera station and the regular double-sided prism is selected as the cooperative marker to realize 24-h continuous monitoring. The feasibility and efficiency of CNS are verified by conducting a field test inside the steel box girders of a suspension bridge with a length of 1038 m. The results show that the proposed camera networking method can well solve the problem of the large-scale high-precision monitoring under unstable measuring platform. For the kilometer-level flexible bridge, CNS can meet submillimeter precision in quasi-static measurement, and can also provide deflection data similar to the conventional robotic total station and connecting pipe system in long-term monitoring. The geometric alignment of large-span bridges with dense multimeasuring points can be automatically monitored and recorded by CNS. The observed deflections of the studied suspension bridge are dominated with the vehicle load and wind load in the short term and are correlated with the temperature change in the long term. The proposed CNS can provide a new option for the bridge deflection monitoring and provide new parameters for bridge safety evaluation.     

地铁盖挖车站钢便桥施工技术

以深圳地铁通新岭站工程为背景,介绍了军用梁临时路面系统在盖挖顺作法中的应用,对钢便桥的施工进行了详细说明,通过对钢便桥进行监测,在施工过程中,钢便桥安全可靠,盖挖钢便桥在保证路面交通、施工安全、车站功能、工程质量以及施工工期等方面均取得较好的实际效果。     

Health monitoring system of a self-anchored suspension bridge (planning,design and installation/operation)

Recent advances in sensing technologies make it feasible and practic al to install sensors on expensive civil infrastructures, such as bridges, for safety monitoring during construction and long-term assessment of the structures condition. This paper presents a case study of a structural health monitoring (SHM) and bridge management system (BMS) installed in Yeongjong Bridge in South Korea. This is a self-anchored suspension bridge on the expressway that links Seoul to Incheon International Airport. Experimental data have been collected from the bridge for two years, since its completion in 2000. This paper presents a list of examples where the structural health monitoring system can be applied and provides general guidelines and recommendations for deploying a monitoring system in terms of (1) sensing and instrumentation, (2) data collection and signal processing, and (3) information processing.     

预应力混凝土梁式桥安全运营监测系统研究

以一座三跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥作为监测研究对象,对预应力混凝土梁式桥结构安全运营监测系统进行设计,阐述监测系统的监测对象、监测内容及设计原则,并对传感器的布置进行优化设计。提出基于动态称重(WIM)技术对桥梁实施安全运营监测的方法,编制桥梁实时动力分析程序BDANS(Bridge Dynamic Analysis System)梁式桥动力分析功能模块,分析桥梁在随机车流作用下的结构动力特性,建立车辆超载超限分级预警管理系统与桥梁结构承载力安全状况分级预警管理系统。该监测系统可实时连续地监测桥梁,并对桥梁的安全运营状况进行评估。     

基于物联网技术的地铁安全监控研究

地铁安全监控是地铁信息化施工及运营的重要组成部分,对保证地铁施工及运营过程中的安全、高效、便捷等具有十分重要的意义。为了实现实时动态监测、远程异地可视化等功能,提高地铁安全风险监测过程中数据采集、传输、处理的效率,采用物联网技术构建了地铁安全监控系统。并拟将该系统应用于大连市繁华商圈内的地铁换乘站——西安路站进行监测分析,提供安全可控的实时在线监测、报警联动、定位追溯、远程控制、预案管理、数据的自动分析处理、智能化统计报表等功能。通过对地铁车站设备及环境的实时监测,实现高效、安全、节能、环保的“管、控、营”一体化。     

Structural Health Monitoring System for the Shandong Binzhou Yellow River Highway Bridge

Abstract:   Structural health monitoring (SHM) provides a useful tool for ensuring safety and detecting the evolution of damage and performance deterioration of civil infrastructures. A great number of civil infrastructures under construction can be used as test beds for SHM systems. The Binzhou Yellow River Highway Bridge is a cable-stayed bridge in Shandong Province, China. An SHM system has been implemented on this bridge during its construction for monitoring its health status and assessing its safety for long-term services. The system includes a sensor module, a data acquisition module, a wired and wireless data transmit module, a structural analysis module, a database module, and a warning module. It is integrated by using LabVIEW software and can be remotely operated via Internet. The database is available freely to all scientists and engineers in the SHM research area. This article introduces the deployment and functions of this system, and presents the measured responses of the bridge subjected to moving vehicle loads.     

静载作用下钢拱桥竖向位移变化规律及安全性

公路桥梁在运营过程中,由于多种因素会产生损伤和破坏,严重影响了交通安全和运营使用,进行桥梁结构安全评估是十分有必要。传统桥梁健康状况评估方法存在诸多缺点和限制,实时健康监测系统由于资源、成本等多方面的限制,也不可能得到广泛的应用。基于桥梁在静荷载作用下的竖向位移变化规律和位移的大小,并根据现有规范的规定,通过紫下大桥的工程检测实例,分析和研究了既有钢拱桥梁的安全性,并提出了健康评估方法。     

北京站无站台柱雨棚安全监测内容与方法

主要介绍了北京站无站台柱雨棚的监控内容、监测方法并对结构的理论进行了分析,通过监测证明了钢拱架结构作为无站台柱雨棚的安全性,为以后在全国各火车站的推广提供了经验.     

基于变形的城市桥梁健康监测系统初探

国内外不断发生的桥梁跨塌事故,引起人们对桥梁健康监测的日益重视。大跨径桥梁健康监测系统通常大而全且成本高昂,探索研究适合城市桥梁的健康监测系统具有一定的理论价值和现实意义。本文基于某城市桥梁的变形监测和定期检测,尝试提出基于变形的城市桥梁健康监测系统,工程实践表明,该系统操作方便,投资少,能及时进行桥梁安全与预警,可供目前广泛开展的城市桥梁健康状态评估参考借鉴。     

Frontier of continuous structural health monitoring system for short & medium span bridges and condition assessment

It is becoming an important social problem to make maintenance and rehabilitation of existing short and medium span(10-20 m) bridges because there are a huge amount of short and medium span bridges in service in the world. The kernel of such bridge management is to develop a method of safety(condition) assessment on items which include remaining life and load carrying capacity. Bridge health monitoring using information technology and sensors is capable of providing more accurate knowledge of bridge performance than traditional strategies. The aim of this paper is to introduce a state-of-the-art on not only a rational bridge health monitoring system incorporating with the information and communication technologies for lifetime management of existing short and medium span bridges but also a continuous data collecting system designed for bridge health monitoring of mainly short and medium span bridges. In this paper, although there are some useful monitoring methods for short and medium span bridges based on the qualitative or quantitative information, mainly two advanced structural health monitoring systems are described to review and analyse the potential of utilizing the long term health monitoring in safety assessment and management issues for short and medium span bridge. The first is a special designed mobile in-situ loading device(vehicle) for short and medium span road bridges to assess the structural safety(performance) and derive optimal strategies for maintenance using reliability based method. The second is a long term health monitoring method by using the public buses as part of a public transit system (called bus monitoring system) to be applied mainly to short and medium span bridges, along with safety indices, namely, “characteristic deflection” which is relatively free from the influence of dynamic disturbances due to such factors as the roughness of the road surface, and a structural anomaly parameter.