抗辐射菌Deinococcus radiodurans一种新的DNA修复 …

抗辐射菌Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ具有显著的ＤＮＡ修复能力，包括对丝裂霉素，紫外线及γ射线，通过化学诱导野生型菌株ＫＤ８３０１而得到的突变体ＫＨ３１１１，对ＭＣ，ＵＶ及γ射线敏感，对链霉素具有抗性，ＫＨ３１１１的辐射抗性能通过传染野生型抗辐射菌ＫＤ８３０１基因组中一个已被克隆的ＤＮＡ片断而得到恢复。     

抗辐射菌Deinococcus radiodurans辐射抗性研究

观察了野生型抗辐射菌Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ ＫＤ８３０１及其修复缺陷突变体ＫＨ３１１１对γ射线的抗性程度,探讨了影响辐射抗性的有关因素。ＫＤ８０３１和ＫＨ３１１１经大剂量γ射线照射（０．５￣１０ｋＧｙ）,制作剂量、存活曲线;利用荧光分光光度法测定细菌的ＤＮＡ含量。结果表明,野生型的ＫＤ８０３１对射线具有显著抗性,推定的ＬＤ９０为９．５ｋＧｙ,而其突变体ＫＨ３１１１的抗性明显     

二株丝裂霉素敏感的抗辐射菌Deinococcus radioduran …

抗辐射菌Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ具有显著的ＤＮＡ损伤修复能力，包括对丝裂霉素（ＭＣ），紫外线（ＵＶ）及电离辐射等所致的损伤。在用对ＤＮＡ损伤因子具有抗性的野生型抗辐射菌ＫＤ８３０１的基因组ＤＮＡ构建的基因文库中，有四个克隆能够通过其ＤＮＡ转化，使二株对ＭＣ敏感的Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ的突变体ＫＤ２６２１和３０２１回复对ＭＣ的抗性。克隆了二株突变体中受突     

IDENTIFICATION OF uvrA GENE MUTATION SITES IN TWO MITOMYCIN-SENSITIVE Deinococcus radiodurans STRAINS

抗辐射菌Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｕｓｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ具有显著的ＤＮＡ损伤修复能力,包括对丝裂霉素（ＭＣ）,紫外线（ＵＶ）及电离辐射等所致的损伤。在用对ＤＮＡ损伤因子具有抗性的野生型抗辐射菌ＫＤ８３０１的基因组ＤＮＡ构建的基因文库中,有四个克隆能够通过其ＤＮＡ转化,使二株对ＭＣ敏感的Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ的突变体－２６２１和３０２１回复对ＭＣ的抗性。克隆了二株突变体中受突变（ｍｔｃＡ或ｍｔｃＢ）影响的基因,并测定了该基因的核苷酸序列。理论上推定抗辐射菌ｕｖｒＡ基因产物的氨基酸序列是由１０３６个氨基酸组成,与许多细菌的ＵｖｒＡ蛋白质具有同源性。用ＰＣＲ技术扩增二株突变体基因组中相应的ＤＮＡ片段,并对其加以测序分析,确定了突变发生的位点。对于突变体３０２１,其ｕｖｒＡ基因中发生了１４４个碱基对（ｂｐ）的缺失突变（缺失部分包括ｕｖｒＡ的起始密码）,造成了３０２１的ｕｖｒＡ基因的失活。对于２６２１突变体,其ｕｖｒＡ基因内却发生了一个插入突变,造成了该基因的插入失活。该插入序列由１３２２ｂｐ组成,侧面与１９ｂｐ组成的末端反转重复（ＩｎｖｅｒｔｅｄＴｅｒｍｉｎａｌＲｅｐｅａｔｓ,ＩＴＲ）相连接,并产生     

抗辐射菌Deinococcus radiodurans DNA修复基因的分子克隆和功能分析(英文)

抗辐射菌(Deinococcus radiodurans)具有显著的DNA修复能力,包括对丝裂霉素(MC),紫外线(UV)及γ射线引起的DNA损伤的修复。通过化学诱导野生型菌株KD8301而得到的突变体KH3111,对MC,UV及γ射线敏感,对链霉素(Sm)具有抗性。本研究确定了KH3111内发生突变的基因及其核苷酸序列,该基因(orf144b)所编码的蛋白质由284个氨基酸组成,与其它已知的蛋白质不具有同源性,即它是一种新的蛋白质。KD8301和KH3111的orf144b序列只是一个碱基的改变,即由G突变为A,所编码的第149位氨基酸由甘氨酸变为谷氨酸。说明甘氨酸是DNA修复基因orf144b所编码的蛋白质中的一个重要残基。用KD8301的orf144b基因转染KH3111,得到转染体KH3112,其对MC,UV及γ射线都具有同母本(KD8301)一样的抗性。在抗辐射菌中,这种对多种DNA损伤剂产生抗性所需要的基因(orf144b),我们命名为pprA(Pleiotropic gene promoting DNA repair)基因。该基因能在大肠杆菌JM109中高水平表达,并使宿主大肠杆菌产生对MC,UV和γ射线的抗性。在野生型的KD8301中,正常情况下该基因不表达,经MC,UV和γ射线处理KD8301后,可诱导该基因表达。研究表明,PprA蛋白质是一种胞浆蛋白。     

微细胞介导染色体转移法提高AT5 BIVA细胞对电离辐射的抗性

ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞是一株经ＳＶ４０病毒转化的ＡＴ病人皮肤成纤维细胞，对γ射线高度敏感。实验用ＦＤ３（含人第１１号染色体的人鼠杂种细胞）、ＦＤ８（不含人第１１号染色体的人鼠杂种细胞）、ＬＭ／ＴＫ鼠细胞）为洪体，通过微细胞介导染色体转移（ＭＭＣＴ）向ＨＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞导入人或鼠的完整染色体，经两次３Ｇｙγ射线照射筛选后，获得ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ与ＦＤ３微细胞融合的杂合细胞ＡＴ／ＦＤ３－１，对γ射线抗性有显著提高。而ＦＤ８或ＬＭ／ＴＫ的微细胞与ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞的杂合细胞，对γ射线抗性未增加。枝型分析表明ＡＴ／ＦＤ３—１细胞中包含了来源于ＦＤ３细胞的人第１１，１４号染色体和数条鼠染色体。通过对照实验，排除了人１４号和鼠染色体提高ＡＴ／ＦＤ３－１细胞对γ射线抗性的可能性．确认人第１１号染色体与ＡＴ细胞对电离辐射敏感性相关，提示人第１１号染色体上可能存在决定细胞对γ射线抗性的相关基因。     

RADIONUCLIDES IN RICE IN HONG KONG

ＲＡＤＩＯＮＵＣＬＩＤＥＳ　ＩＮ　ＲＩＣＥ　ＩＮ　ＨＯＮＧ　ＫＯＮＧＫ．Ｎ．ＹｕａｎｄＳ．Ｙ．Ｍａｏ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃｓａｎｄＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ＣｉｔｙＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃｏｆＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：...     

抗辐射菌lexA基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中表达

研究了旨在克隆抗辐射菌Ｄｅｉｎｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｒａｄｉｏｄｕｒａｎｓ的ｌｅｘＡ基因并构建其表达载体,以便于进一步研究ｌｅｘＡ基因的功能及其在辐射抗性中的作用。主要的实验步骤包括分离提取抗辐射菌基因组ＤＮＡ,分离出ｌｅｘＡ基因并测定其序列,克隆于质粒载体ＰＵＣ１９,用电击穿孔法将重组的质粒导入在肠杆菌ＪＭ１０９,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测基因的表达。用定点突变技术,改变ｌｅｘＡ基因核糖体结合位点（ＲＢＳ）     

聚合酶β在肝癌细胞DNA辐射损伤修复中的作用

利用第二军医大学裸鼠移植性肝癌细胞（ＳＭＭＣ－ＬＴＮＭ）和不同的ＤＮＡ聚合酶选择性抑制剂ＮＥＭ与ｄ２ＴＴＰ，探讨了肿瘤细胞核中ＤＮＡ聚合酶β参与γ射线辐射损伤ＤＮＡ修复的作用特点，结果表明，该酶参与真核细胞γ射线辐照损伤的ＤＮＡ修复合成，是一种重要的ＤＮＡ修复酶，与正常肝细胞相比，ＳＭＭＣ－ＬＴＮＭ肝癌细胞ＤＮＡ聚合酶β的ＤＮＡ修复合成反应速度快，修复能力强，提示某些肿瘤细胞中该酶的ＤＮＡ辐射损伤     

微细胞介导染色体转移法提高AT5BIVA细胞对电离辐…

ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞是一株经ＳＶ４０病毒转化的ＡＴ病人皮肤成纤维细胞，对γ射线高度敏感。实验用ＦＤ３，ＦＤ８，ＬＭ／ＴＫ为供体，通过微细胞介导染色体转移向ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ细胞导入人或鼠的完整染色体，经两次３Ｇｙγ射线照射筛选后，获得ＡＴ５ＢＩＶＡ与ＦＤ３微细胞融合的杂合细胞ＡＴ／ＦＤ３－１，对－γ射线抗性有显著提高。     

Identification of radiation treatment of wheat （Triticum aestivum. L）and rice （Oryza sativa. L） samples using thermoluminescence of contaminating minerals

Food irradiation is gaining popularity worldwide and this technology is important to improve quality and reduce the post harvest losses of food. Because of the rapid commercialization of irradiated foods throughout the world, compliance of different regulations relating to use of technology in different countries and demand of consumers for clear labelling of irradiated foods, there is need for the development of analytical methods to detect radiation treatment of food. Among several methods studied so far, thermoluminescence （TL） is an important method that can be used to find out the irradiation history of food that contain even a very minute amount of dust particles. In this study, the irradiated and unirradiated wheat and rice samples were analyzed using the TL method. The samples were purchased from the local market of Peshawar and irradiated to radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy using Co-60 gamma irradiator at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture （NIFA）, Peshawar. The mineral contaminants were isolated by jet water, ultrasonic treatment, and density gradient. TL glow curves of the isolated minerals from irradiated and unirradiated samples were recorded between the temperature ranges of 50-500℃ using a TL reader. Generally, the glow curves for irradiated samples showed much higher TL intensities （TL1） than the unirradiated samples. The results were normalized by rerradiation of mineral samples to gamma-ray dose of 1.0 kGy followed by determination of the second glow curves （TL2）. The ratio of the area of first glow curve to that of second glow curve （TL1/TL2） was calculated for selected temperature intervals and compared with the recommended values for unirradiated and irradiated samples. Finally, the shapes of the glow curves for irradiated and unirradiated samples were also analyzed. On the basis of these results （comparison of TL-intensities, TL1/TL2 ratios and shapes of the glow curves）, all the irradiated and unirradiated samples of wheat and rice were unequivocally identified.     

The preclinical pharmacological study of dopamine transporter imaging agent 18F-FP-β-CIT

The paper is to study pharmacologic characteristics of 18F-FP-β-CIT (18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β- carbomethoxy-3β- (4-iodophenyl)nortropane) as an imaging agent for dopamine transporter. The radiochemical purity of 18F-FP-β-CIT in aqueous solution was over 95% after standing at room temperature for 4h. Biodistribution displayed rapid uptake in rat brain (1.375 %ID/organ at 5min and 0.100 %ID/organ at 180 min) and the striatal uptake was 1.444,0.731, 0.397, 0.230 and 0.146 %ID/g at 5, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively. The values of striatum/cerebellum,striatum/frontal cortex and striatum / hippocampus in rat's brain at 30 min were 3.38, 2.17 and 2.40 respectively. The uptake in striatum can be blocked by β-CFT, suggesting that 18F-FP-β-CIT binds to DAT peculiarly. The compound was rapidly cleared from monkey's blood. The striatal uptake was bilaterally decreased in the left-sided lesioned PD rats, compared with normal control. Brain PET imaging studies in normal monkey showed that 18F-FP-β-CIT was concentrated in striatum. The test of undue toxicity showed that the dose received by mice was 1250 times as by human, which indicates that 18F-FP-β-CIT is very safe. So 18F-FP-β-CIT is a promising PET imaging agent for DAT with safety and validity.     

PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 16(2014)

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Radioactivity levels in soil of salt field area,Kelambakkam,Tamilnadu,India

Soil samples in and around salt field area have been analyzed for natural radioactivity concentration using gamma ray spectrometer.The activity concentration for ~(232)Th,~(238)U and ~(40)K are ranged from 27.88 to 45.27 Bq/kg, from BDL to 13.30 Bq/kg,and from 135.54 to 381.28 Bq/kg,respectively.The measured activity concentrations for these radionuclides were compared with world average activity of soil.The average activity concentration of ~(232)Th in the present study is 1.19 times higher than world median value while the activity of ~(238)U and ~(40)K is found to be lower. The absorbed dose rates due to these radionuclides were calculated.The average absorbed gamma dose rate due to the presence of ~(232)Th,~(238)U and ~(40)K in soil samples is 36.99 nGy·h~(-1).These results indicate no radiological anomaly. The data presented in this study will serve as a base line survey for primordial radionuclides concentration in the study area.     

Non-FDG PET imaging of brain tumors

Due to relatively high uptake of glucose in the brain cortex, the use of FDG PET imaging is greatly limited in brain tumor imaging, especially for low-grade gliomas and some metastatic tumours. More and more tracers with higher specificity were developed lately for brain tumor imaging. There are 3 main types of non-FDG PET tracers： amino acid tracers, choline tracers and nucleic acid tracers. These tracers are now widely applied in many aspects of brain tumor imaging. This article summarized the general use of non-FDG PET in different aspects of brain tumor imaging.     

基于NPL-NMC系统的γ测量子系统的建模与优化

在军控核查中,核部件的质量、丰度、年龄属性需采用无损方法进行核查,NPL-NMC系统是一套利用中子多重性测量核部件质量属性的装置,为建立完善的属性测量系统,还需在NPL-NMC系统的基础上建立γ测量子系统。本文通过设计γ测量子系统在NPL-NMC系统上的布局及对中子屏蔽的优化,使系统能对铀部件的丰度、年龄属性进行测量。模拟计算结果表明,该γ测量子系统能很好地满足军控核查对铀部件丰度、年龄属性测量的要求。     

Improvement of carbon fiber surface properties using electron beam irradiation

Carbon fiber-reinforced advance composites have been used for structural applications,mainly on account of their mechanical properties.The main factor for a good mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced com- posite is the interfacial interaction between its components,which are carbon fiber and polymeric matrix.The aim of this study is to improve the surface properties of the carbon fiber using ionizing radiation from an electron beam to obtain better adhesion properties in the resultant composite.EB radiation was applied on the carbon fiber itself before preparing test specimens for the mechanical tests.Experimental results showed that EB irradiation improved the ten- sile strength of carbon fiber samples.The maximum value in tensile strength was reached using doses of about 250 kGy.After breakage,the morphology aspect of the tensile specimens prepared with irradiated and non-irradiated car- bon fibers were evaluated.SEM micrographs showed modifications on the carbon fiber surface.     

Measurement system for SSRF pulsed magnets

This paper describes the magnetic field measurement system for pulsed magnets in SSRF.The system consists of magnetic probes,analog active integrator,oscilloscope,stepper motor and a controller.An application pro- gram based on LabVIEW has been developed as main control unit.After the magnetic field mapping of a septum magnet prototype,it is verified that the test results accord with the results of theoretical calculation and computer simulation.     

旁路阀调节对高温气冷堆闭式布雷顿循环瞬态特性影响研究

闭式布雷顿循环是第4代高温堆核能系统的关键技术之一,其典型的动态过程是旁路阀调节。为分析这一过程,建立了循环中关键部件的动态模型,其中压气机在径向平衡模型基础上耦合了对附面层发展的预测,兼顾了计算效率与准确性;换热部件模型基于双曲型守恒律方程,对工质的热物性和参数的快速变化有较好的适应性。在此基础上根据回路的质量守恒和压力平衡原则将各部件的模型耦合,建立了系统的动态模型。由于旁路阀调节是氦气透平发电系统主要的功率快速调节手段,瞬态效应较为显著,以模块式高温气冷堆（HTR-10GT）旁路阀开启后的过渡过程作为算例,分析了主要循环参数的响应特性,并通过分析,给出了降低输出功率的机制。计算结果表明：系统的容积惯性对旁路阀调节的响应速度影响较大,而阀门的开度则决定了系统在末态的输出功率;回热器的温度冲击现象可能发生在调节过程中,但可通过两旁路阀联动的方式缓解;反应堆出口温度变化幅度很小,因此反应堆模型的准确程度对结果基本无影响。     

CEFR 100%额定功率运行汽轮机发电能力分析

中国实验快堆(CEFR)首次100%额定功率发电运行中,实际电功率较设计值相差较多。为判断影响机组实际发电能力的主要原因,以现场采集的运行数据和汽轮机厂商提供的设计资料为基础,进行了相应的计算分析。对汽轮机内效率进行修正,绘制汽轮机近似热力过程曲线,并通过实测的各段抽汽压力,在热力过程曲线上获得抽汽焓值;利用换热器的能量守恒和流量守恒的基本方程进行除氧器和各加热器的热平衡计算,获得各段抽汽的流量;利用汽轮机的功率计算方程,得到汽轮机发电功率的计算值。通过计算值与实际值的比较分析,得出主蒸汽参数不达标是影响CEFR汽轮机发电能力的主要因素。