胰岛素酶联免疫分析方法的建立

采用两株抗胰岛素单克隆抗体，一株包被聚苯乙烯板、另一株标记辣根过氧化物酶，建立了人胰岛素测定的双抗体夹心酶联免疫分析法。方法学研究表明本方法的灵敏度为1.7mIU/L，曲线范围5～160mIU/L，批内、批间变异分别小于11%、15%，回收率96.4％～111.1％；高浓度胰岛素血清样品系列倍比稀释后测定，测定值与稀释度呈线性相关，相关系数0.998；38例健康人血清样品测定值为3.6～10.8mIU/L，该方法与人胰岛素放射免疫分析法测定结果的相关性良好，r=0.97。     

胰岛素免疫放射分析方法的建立

摘要：采用两株抗胰岛素单克隆抗体，一株包被聚苯乙烯试管作为固相抗体、另一株标记125I，建立了胰岛素测定的双抗体夹心免疫放射分析方法。其方法学灵敏度为2.8mIU/L；曲线范围5～160mIU/L；批内、批间变异系数分别小于5%、10%；回收率92.3％～112.6％；高浓度胰岛素血清样品系列倍比稀释后测定，测定值与稀释度呈线性相关，相关系数0.996；39例健康人血清样品测定值为4.7～14.3mIU/L，该方法与胰岛素放射免疫分析法的相关性良好（r=0.981）。     

催乳素酶促化学发光免疫分析试剂盒的研制

采用两株催乳素(PRL)单克隆抗体,一株包被化学发光板,一株标记辣根过氧化物酶,研制了测定人血清PRL浓度的酶促化学发光免疫分析试剂盒。本试剂盒测定范围50~4 000 mIU/L,灵敏度4.26 mIU/L,批内、批间变异系数分别小于10%、15%,回收率90.3%~100.8%;血清样品倍比稀释后的测定值和稀释度的相关系数为1;本试剂盒正常参考值范围:女性43.2~513.1 mIU/L(n=52),男性54.8~334.3 mIU/L(n=68)。     

人促甲状腺激素酶促化学发光免疫分析方法的建立

采用双抗体夹心法建立了定量检测人血清中促甲状腺激素含量的酶促化学发光免疫分析方法,其中,1株抗TSH抗体包被96孔微孔板,另1株与辣根过氧化物酶结合形成酶标记物,鲁米诺-过氧化氢作为发光底物。该方法测量范围为0.1～100 mIU/L,分析灵敏度为0.04 mIU/L,批内、批间变异系数分别为3.98%～6.48%和4.61%～13.1%,回收率为95.8%～117.4%,高浓度TSH样品系列倍比稀释后,测定值与稀释度呈线性相关,相关系数大于0.99。与LH的交叉率＜1.62%,与FSH和HCG的交叉率分别＜0.05%和＜0.02%。与罗氏化学发光免疫分析方法测定的临床值进行比较,相关性方程为y＝1.10x-0.207,相关系数r＝0.969。与免疫放射分析试剂盒进行比较,相关性方程为y＝1.00x+0.191,相关系数r＝0.965。本方法操作简便、快速,适用于临床检测和科研应用。     

肿瘤标志物CA125免疫放射分析试剂盒的研制

采用两株CA125单克隆抗体,一株用于125I标记,另一株包被于试管作为固相抗体,稀释卵巢癌患者腹水制备标准品,建立了双位点夹心法人血清肿瘤标志物CA125免疫放射分析法.标准曲线的最大标准点免疫结合与零标准非特异结合之比大于100;最小检测限为1.0 U/mL;批内、批间变异系数分别为 4.4%～5.8 %和8.4%～9.9 %;样品中加入已知量CA125测定,回收率为96.8%～112.5%;对含高浓度CA125的血清样品稀释测定,结果表明方法的健全性良好.38例健康女性血清样品测定值范围为2.9～24.1 U/mL;±2s为9.6±9.6 U/mL.     

糖类抗原CA19-9免疫放射分析法的建立

采用两株CA19-9单克隆抗体,一株用于125I标记、另一株包被于试管作为固相抗体,用血清稀释CA19-9抗原,制备标准品,建立了CA19-9双位点夹心免疫放射分析方法（IRMA）。分析采用两步法,本方法最小检测限为2.0 U/mL,批内、批间变异系数分别为 6.4%~9.5%和6.0%~12.6%,样品添加实验结果显示,回收率为88.1%~106.1%,血清样品倍比稀释后测定,测定值和稀释度的相关系数为0.990。CA19-9浓度至11800 U/mL时测定未见“弯钩”效应。69例健康人血清样品测定值为0.3~29.6 U/mL（ ±s 为7.4±5.8 U/mL）,和法国CIS公司的CA19-9免疫放射分析药盒同时测定84例人血清样品,二者测定值相关方程为y=1.32x-17.6,相关系数r=0.896。相似文献   

促黄体生成激素酶促化学发光免疫分析方法的建立

采用双抗体夹心一步检测法和鲁米诺-过氧化氢发光体系建立了血清促黄体生成激素(LH)的酶促化学发光免疫分析方法。结果显示,本方法测量范围为1.5~200 IU/L,灵敏度为0.08 IU/L,批内变异系数9%,批间变异系数11%,回收率为96.3%~112.1%,稀释实验测定值与稀释度呈线性相关,相关系数r=0.995。与进口酶促化学发光免疫分析试剂盒测定的临床值进行比较,线性相关方程为y=0.967x+0.0689,相关系数r=0.975,相关性良好。方法学鉴定结果符合免疫分析的基本要求。     

白蛋白酶联免疫分析试剂盒的研制

采用竞争性ELISA法检测人尿中白蛋白(Albumin,Alb)的含量。将Alb抗体包被96孔微孔板,Alb与辣根过氧化物酶结合形成酶标记物,建立了白蛋白酶联免疫分析(Alb-ELISA)方法。结果显示,本方法分析灵敏度为0.28 mg/L;批内、批间变异系数分别为2.63%～5.28%和2.40%～4.26%;回收率为95.0%～106.4%;高浓度Alb样品系列倍比稀释后,测定值与稀释度呈线性相关,相关系数为r=0.997 4。本试剂盒操作简便、快速,适用于临床检测和科研应用。     

固相抗体包被管法TSH免疫放射分析

采用TSH单克隆抗体包被聚苯乙烯试管,并对抗体包被条件进行了研究,建立了TSH免疫放射分析法.结果表明:在2～8℃下过夜包被,抗体浓度为2.1mg/L时,制备的包被管用于TSH免疫放射分析,结合达到最大;不同浓度下包被,包被温度和时间对制备的包被管的影响不同.TSH免疫放射分析最小检测限为0.05mIU/L;回收率为88.4%～100.0%;批内、批间变异系数分别为7.4%～10.9%和8.7%～10.7%.46例健康人血样测定值为0.3～6.2mIU/L.     

β2-微球蛋白酶联免疫分析试剂盒的研制

以β₂-微球蛋白（β₂-MG）抗体包被微孔板，四甲基联苯胺（TMB）为底物，用辣根过氧化物酶标记β₂-MG，建立了β₂-微球蛋白酶联免疫分析试剂盒，并对该方法进行了方法学分析。结果显示：本方法分析灵敏度为0.15 mg/L，批内、批间变异系数分别为4.1％～11.2%和14.1％～16.0％，回收率为93.3%～115.9%，高浓度β₂-MG样品系列倍比稀释后，测定值与稀释度呈线性相关，相关系数为r=0.997 4。特异性结果显示：本试剂盒与铁蛋白基本无交叉反应，与白蛋白及甲胎蛋白在浓度分别低于10 mg/L及5 mg/L时有交叉反应，但反应很小。与放射免疫分析法（RIA）同时测定人血清样品，方法间有良好的相关性，相关方程为y_ELIA=1.006x_RIA+0.406，r=0.900(n=59)。以上参数均符合临床免疫分析的要求。本试剂盒操作简便、快速，适用于临床检测和科研应用。     

Identification of radiation treatment of wheat （Triticum aestivum. L）and rice （Oryza sativa. L） samples using thermoluminescence of contaminating minerals

Food irradiation is gaining popularity worldwide and this technology is important to improve quality and reduce the post harvest losses of food. Because of the rapid commercialization of irradiated foods throughout the world, compliance of different regulations relating to use of technology in different countries and demand of consumers for clear labelling of irradiated foods, there is need for the development of analytical methods to detect radiation treatment of food. Among several methods studied so far, thermoluminescence （TL） is an important method that can be used to find out the irradiation history of food that contain even a very minute amount of dust particles. In this study, the irradiated and unirradiated wheat and rice samples were analyzed using the TL method. The samples were purchased from the local market of Peshawar and irradiated to radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.0 kGy using Co-60 gamma irradiator at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture （NIFA）, Peshawar. The mineral contaminants were isolated by jet water, ultrasonic treatment, and density gradient. TL glow curves of the isolated minerals from irradiated and unirradiated samples were recorded between the temperature ranges of 50-500℃ using a TL reader. Generally, the glow curves for irradiated samples showed much higher TL intensities （TL1） than the unirradiated samples. The results were normalized by rerradiation of mineral samples to gamma-ray dose of 1.0 kGy followed by determination of the second glow curves （TL2）. The ratio of the area of first glow curve to that of second glow curve （TL1/TL2） was calculated for selected temperature intervals and compared with the recommended values for unirradiated and irradiated samples. Finally, the shapes of the glow curves for irradiated and unirradiated samples were also analyzed. On the basis of these results （comparison of TL-intensities, TL1/TL2 ratios and shapes of the glow curves）, all the irradiated and unirradiated samples of wheat and rice were unequivocally identified.     

The preclinical pharmacological study of dopamine transporter imaging agent 18F-FP-β-CIT

The paper is to study pharmacologic characteristics of 18F-FP-β-CIT (18F-N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β- carbomethoxy-3β- (4-iodophenyl)nortropane) as an imaging agent for dopamine transporter. The radiochemical purity of 18F-FP-β-CIT in aqueous solution was over 95% after standing at room temperature for 4h. Biodistribution displayed rapid uptake in rat brain (1.375 %ID/organ at 5min and 0.100 %ID/organ at 180 min) and the striatal uptake was 1.444,0.731, 0.397, 0.230 and 0.146 %ID/g at 5, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min, respectively. The values of striatum/cerebellum,striatum/frontal cortex and striatum / hippocampus in rat's brain at 30 min were 3.38, 2.17 and 2.40 respectively. The uptake in striatum can be blocked by β-CFT, suggesting that 18F-FP-β-CIT binds to DAT peculiarly. The compound was rapidly cleared from monkey's blood. The striatal uptake was bilaterally decreased in the left-sided lesioned PD rats, compared with normal control. Brain PET imaging studies in normal monkey showed that 18F-FP-β-CIT was concentrated in striatum. The test of undue toxicity showed that the dose received by mice was 1250 times as by human, which indicates that 18F-FP-β-CIT is very safe. So 18F-FP-β-CIT is a promising PET imaging agent for DAT with safety and validity.     

PLASMA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUTHOR INDEX TO VOLUME 16(2014)

正~~     

Radioactivity levels in soil of salt field area,Kelambakkam,Tamilnadu,India

Soil samples in and around salt field area have been analyzed for natural radioactivity concentration using gamma ray spectrometer.The activity concentration for ~(232)Th,~(238)U and ~(40)K are ranged from 27.88 to 45.27 Bq/kg, from BDL to 13.30 Bq/kg,and from 135.54 to 381.28 Bq/kg,respectively.The measured activity concentrations for these radionuclides were compared with world average activity of soil.The average activity concentration of ~(232)Th in the present study is 1.19 times higher than world median value while the activity of ~(238)U and ~(40)K is found to be lower. The absorbed dose rates due to these radionuclides were calculated.The average absorbed gamma dose rate due to the presence of ~(232)Th,~(238)U and ~(40)K in soil samples is 36.99 nGy·h~(-1).These results indicate no radiological anomaly. The data presented in this study will serve as a base line survey for primordial radionuclides concentration in the study area.     

Non-FDG PET imaging of brain tumors

Due to relatively high uptake of glucose in the brain cortex, the use of FDG PET imaging is greatly limited in brain tumor imaging, especially for low-grade gliomas and some metastatic tumours. More and more tracers with higher specificity were developed lately for brain tumor imaging. There are 3 main types of non-FDG PET tracers： amino acid tracers, choline tracers and nucleic acid tracers. These tracers are now widely applied in many aspects of brain tumor imaging. This article summarized the general use of non-FDG PET in different aspects of brain tumor imaging.     

基于NPL-NMC系统的γ测量子系统的建模与优化

在军控核查中,核部件的质量、丰度、年龄属性需采用无损方法进行核查,NPL-NMC系统是一套利用中子多重性测量核部件质量属性的装置,为建立完善的属性测量系统,还需在NPL-NMC系统的基础上建立γ测量子系统。本文通过设计γ测量子系统在NPL-NMC系统上的布局及对中子屏蔽的优化,使系统能对铀部件的丰度、年龄属性进行测量。模拟计算结果表明,该γ测量子系统能很好地满足军控核查对铀部件丰度、年龄属性测量的要求。     

Improvement of carbon fiber surface properties using electron beam irradiation

Carbon fiber-reinforced advance composites have been used for structural applications,mainly on account of their mechanical properties.The main factor for a good mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced com- posite is the interfacial interaction between its components,which are carbon fiber and polymeric matrix.The aim of this study is to improve the surface properties of the carbon fiber using ionizing radiation from an electron beam to obtain better adhesion properties in the resultant composite.EB radiation was applied on the carbon fiber itself before preparing test specimens for the mechanical tests.Experimental results showed that EB irradiation improved the ten- sile strength of carbon fiber samples.The maximum value in tensile strength was reached using doses of about 250 kGy.After breakage,the morphology aspect of the tensile specimens prepared with irradiated and non-irradiated car- bon fibers were evaluated.SEM micrographs showed modifications on the carbon fiber surface.     

Measurement system for SSRF pulsed magnets

This paper describes the magnetic field measurement system for pulsed magnets in SSRF.The system consists of magnetic probes,analog active integrator,oscilloscope,stepper motor and a controller.An application pro- gram based on LabVIEW has been developed as main control unit.After the magnetic field mapping of a septum magnet prototype,it is verified that the test results accord with the results of theoretical calculation and computer simulation.     

旁路阀调节对高温气冷堆闭式布雷顿循环瞬态特性影响研究

闭式布雷顿循环是第4代高温堆核能系统的关键技术之一,其典型的动态过程是旁路阀调节。为分析这一过程,建立了循环中关键部件的动态模型,其中压气机在径向平衡模型基础上耦合了对附面层发展的预测,兼顾了计算效率与准确性;换热部件模型基于双曲型守恒律方程,对工质的热物性和参数的快速变化有较好的适应性。在此基础上根据回路的质量守恒和压力平衡原则将各部件的模型耦合,建立了系统的动态模型。由于旁路阀调节是氦气透平发电系统主要的功率快速调节手段,瞬态效应较为显著,以模块式高温气冷堆（HTR-10GT）旁路阀开启后的过渡过程作为算例,分析了主要循环参数的响应特性,并通过分析,给出了降低输出功率的机制。计算结果表明：系统的容积惯性对旁路阀调节的响应速度影响较大,而阀门的开度则决定了系统在末态的输出功率;回热器的温度冲击现象可能发生在调节过程中,但可通过两旁路阀联动的方式缓解;反应堆出口温度变化幅度很小,因此反应堆模型的准确程度对结果基本无影响。     

CEFR 100%额定功率运行汽轮机发电能力分析

中国实验快堆(CEFR)首次100%额定功率发电运行中,实际电功率较设计值相差较多。为判断影响机组实际发电能力的主要原因,以现场采集的运行数据和汽轮机厂商提供的设计资料为基础,进行了相应的计算分析。对汽轮机内效率进行修正,绘制汽轮机近似热力过程曲线,并通过实测的各段抽汽压力,在热力过程曲线上获得抽汽焓值;利用换热器的能量守恒和流量守恒的基本方程进行除氧器和各加热器的热平衡计算,获得各段抽汽的流量;利用汽轮机的功率计算方程,得到汽轮机发电功率的计算值。通过计算值与实际值的比较分析,得出主蒸汽参数不达标是影响CEFR汽轮机发电能力的主要因素。