半胱氨酸在食品中的应用研究

综述了半胱氨酸在食品中的应用.它在食品中主要运用于:增加食品风味、食品护色和保鲜、脱臭、食品去毒、用作合成食品包装材料、用作形成凝胶、用作菌料等方面,并展望了其在食品中的发展前景.     

食品市场

蜂胶的功用近年来，研究发现，蜂胶不仅在食品中应用广泛，而且具有较高的医疗保健价值。蜂胶中含有大量活跃的还原因子，因其较强的抗氧化性，可用作油脂和其他食品的天然抗氧化剂；蜂胶多酚类化合物具有抑制和杀灭细菌的作用，经过降解其最终产物是苯甲酸，是一种天然防腐剂；蜂胶还可用作食品天然添加剂，改善食品的D味和色泽；用作食品功能增强剂，增强食品的保健作用；蜂胶经过特殊工艺加工处理后，可制成天然口香糖，其中的有效成分具有法齿，护牙作用，且可防止龋牙的形成，同时可以逐渐消除牙垢。摘自《中国食品质量报》第348期职…     

蚕蛹食品的开发

蚕蛹是丝绸业的副产品之一，有着极高的营养价值和利用价值。用作烹饪原料，可制作多款佳肴。用于食品加工，可生产多种蚕蛹食品。进行深度加工，开发出蛹蛋白和复合氨基酸，可添加至食品中提高食品的营养价值，也可用作原料开发一系列营养２保健食品。     

日本焦糖色生产新技术

焦糖色俗称酱色,系由饴糖或蔗糖等糖品经加热熬煮而成的深褐色脱水缩合物。控制反应加热温度,可制得不同色率的焦糖色。加热温度较高,色率也较深,在饮料、烟草及药品等行业,用作着色剂;加热温度较低,色率也较低,主要利用其香味,用作糕点等食品的风味剂。     

番茄及其制品的风味物质

番茄味美,营养丰富,,为人们喜食的大宗蔬菜。番茄既可鲜食,也可用作配制其它食品如汤、菜肴、方便食品、软饮料、酱、罐头等的原料或风味添加剂,因此,研究番茄及其制品的风味物质,对提高产品质量有一定的指导意义。     

单甘酯总含量的测定方法评价

<正> 单甘酯(甘油一酯)是一种重要的食品乳化剂,已广泛用作冰淇淋、面包等多种食品的添加剂,还可用作抗老化剂,制造润滑油等。国内商品单甘酯含量多在25％—40％,蒸馏单甘酯(分子蒸馏)含量可达90％。因没有有效的分析方法,国内许多生产单位只能用凝固点等指标代替,造成单甘酯生产、使用上的盲目与混乱。     

新型食品添加剂——葡萄糖内脂

葡萄糖内脂是一种新型无毒食品添加剂。可用作点豆腐剂,一斤黄豆可出五斤豆腐,可用作糕点,面包膨松剂,可代替亚硝酸做火腿.期3一5月香肠,罐头的防腐剂,     

主要业务部门 主要研究方向——酶工程研究组

木聚糖酶是现代生物工程技术的最新科研成果。近年来，人们将木聚糖酶应用于造纸工业以改善纸浆性能，用作饲料添加剂以增加其利用率，用作保健品配料用来生产低聚木糖，应用于食品工业作为食品改良剂等。     

酶工程研究组

木聚糖酶是现代生物工程技术的最新科研成果。近年来，人们将木聚糖酶应用于造纸工业以改善纸浆性能，用作饲料添加剂以增加其利用率，用作保健品配料用采生产低聚木糖，应用于食品工业作为食品改良剂等。     

主要业务部门 主要研究方向——酶工程研究组 国家“十五”重大科技攻关成果——木聚糖酶产业化技术项目简介

木聚糖酶是现代生物工程技术的最新科研成果。近年来，人们将木聚糖酶应用于造纸工业以改善纸浆性能，用作饲料添加剂以增加其利用率，用作保健品配料用来生产低聚木糖，应用于食品工业作为食品改良剂等。     

鹰嘴豆和鹰嘴豆蛋白的特性及应用研究进展

鹰嘴豆是一种营养价值丰富且分布广泛的豆科植物,为推进鹰嘴豆及其蛋白的高值化利用和深加工产业发展,综述了鹰嘴豆的营养特性、生物活性,鹰嘴豆蛋白的组成和结构、功能特性,以及鹰嘴豆和鹰嘴豆蛋白在食品中的应用,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。鹰嘴豆是优质蛋白质、脂肪以及微量元素的良好来源,含有多种生物活性物质,具有抗氧化、降血糖、抗疲劳、抗癌、预防心血管疾病等生物活性;鹰嘴豆蛋白具有溶解性、吸水/吸油性、乳化性、凝胶性和起泡性等功能特性。鹰嘴豆及鹰嘴豆蛋白广泛应用于面制品、肉制品、饮料及乳制品等食品领域。未来,应加大鹰嘴豆蛋白的开发力度,深入研究鹰嘴豆蛋白与小麦粉之间的相互作用机制,同时加强对鹰嘴豆加工副产物的开发利用。     

Vicilin and the basic subunit of legumin are putative chickpea allergens

IgE-mediated reactions to food allergens constitute a major health problem in industrialized countries. Chickpea is consumed in Mediterranean countries, and reportedly associated with IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions. However, the nature of allergic reactions to chickpea has not been characterized.     

鹰嘴豆功能活性及应用研究进展

鹰嘴豆是一种常见的豆类植物,在自然界中广泛存在,富含多种优质蛋白、脂肪、氨基酸、维生素、膳食纤维以及钙、镁、铁、锌、磷等多种微量元素,营养价值高且具有多种功能活性。目前从鹰嘴豆中提取分离出来的生物活性物质就有20多种,这类物质主要有多糖、皂苷、异黄酮、多肽、甾醇、酚类、有机酸等。研究发现,鹰嘴豆活性成分具有抗氧化、免疫、降血糖、降血脂、降低胆固醇、抗癌等多种生理功效,且因其天然无毒副作用,因此有加工成具有食用和药用价值保健产品的潜力,具有广阔的发展前景。本文综述了近年来国内外关于多糖、皂苷、黄酮、多肽等多种鹰嘴豆生物活性物质及鹰嘴豆应用方面的研究进展,通过本文综述,以期推进鹰嘴豆高值化利用,促进鹰嘴豆深加工产业发展,进一步为功能食品开发和农产品深加工提供理论依据。     

Technological properties of chickpea (Cicer arietinum): Production of snacks and health benefits related to type-2 diabetes

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the most consumed pulses worldwide (over 2.3 million tons enter the world market annually). Some chickpea components have shown, in preclinical and clinical studies, several health benefits, including antioxidant capacity, and antifungal, antibacterial, analgesic, anticancer, antiinflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic properties, as well as angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition. In the United States, chickpea is consumed mostly in the form of hummus. However, the development of new products with value-added bioactivity is creating new opportunities for research and food applications. Information about bioactive compounds and functional properties of chickpea ingredients in the development of new products is needed. The objective of this review was to summarize available scientific information, from the last 15 years, on chickpea production, consumption trends, applications in the food industry in the elaboration of plant-based snacks, and on its bioactive compounds related to type 2 diabetes (T2D). Areas of opportunity for future research and new applications of specific bioactive compounds as novel food ingredients are highlighted. Research is key to overcome the main processing obstacles and sensory challenges for the application of chickpea as ingredient in snack preparations. The use of chickpea bioactive compounds as ingredient in food products is also a promising area for accessibility of their health benefits, such as the management of T2D.     

Biochemistry and technology of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds

Chickpea is an important source of proteins, carbohydrates, B-group vitamins, and certain minerals, particularly to the populations of developing nations. India contributes over 75% of the chickpea production in the world where it is mostly consumed as dhal, whole seeds, and several types of traditional, fermented, deep fried, sweetened, and puffed products. In this review, the world production and distribution, genetic background, biochemical and nutritional quality, and developments in storage and processing technology of chickpea are discussed. Future research needs, to improve the utilization of chickpea as human food, are addressed.     

Enzymatic Production,Bioactivity, and Bitterness of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Peptides

Chickpeas are inexpensive, protein rich (approximately 20% dry mass) pulses available worldwide whose consumption has been correlated with positive health outcomes. Dietary peptides are important molecules derived from dietary proteins, but a comprehensive analysis of the peptides that can be produced from chickpea proteins is missing in the literature. This review provides information from the past 20 years on the enzymatic production of peptides from chickpea proteins, the reported bioactivities of chickpea protein hydrolysates and peptides, and the potential bitterness of chickpea peptides in food products. Chickpea peptides have been enzymatically produced with pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, alcalase, flavorzyme, and papain either alone or in combination, but the sequences of many of the peptides in chickpea protein hydrolysates remain unknown. In addition, a theoretical hydrolysis of chickpea legumin by stem bromelain and ficin was performed by the authors to highlight the potential use of these enzymes to produce bioactive chickpea peptides. Antioxidant activity, hypocholesterolemic, and angiotensin 1‐converting enzyme inhibition are the most studied bioactivities of chickpea protein hydrolysates and peptides, but anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and anti‐inflammatory effects have also been reported for chickpea protein hydrolysates and peptides. Chickpea bioactive peptides are not currently commercialized, but their bitterness could be a major impediment to their incorporation in food products. Use of flavorzyme in the production of chickpea protein hydrolysates has been proposed to decrease their bitterness. Future research should focus on the optimization of chickpea bioactive peptide enzymatic production, studying the bioactivity of chickpea peptides in humans, and systematically analyzing chickpea peptide bitterness.     

By-products of the classification of chickpea as an alternative in the production of hummus

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a valuable source of protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, dietary fibre, vitamins and complex carbohydrates, such as oligosaccharides with prebiotic activity. This study evaluates the use of by-products derived from the classification of chickpea as functional ingredients in food production. The chemical content and thermal properties of by-products (discard and split) were determined and compared to whole grains for export. Split grains had a higher protein content, lower water hydration capacity (WHC) and lower fibre. The content of oligosaccharides was lower in discard grains. For further studies, hummus was prepared with three samples, and texture and sensory analyses were performed. The results of texture and sensory analyses show no significant differences between discard and whole grains. Chemical contents of by-products show advantages for the food industry. Discard grains can be used to prepare hummus with the same technology and sensory quality as whole grains.     

银杏保健功效及其在食品工业中应用

银杏是一种具有良好保健功效的药食两用植物,尤其是银杏提取物(EGB)广泛应用于医药和 食品行业。该文概述银杏化学成分及保健功效,并对其在食品工业中应用进行综述。     

鹰嘴豆的营养、活性成分与功效研究进展

鹰嘴豆是一种分布广泛且营养成分齐全的豆科植物,以其极高的营养与健康价值引起研究者广泛的关注。该文具体讲述鹰嘴豆中主要的营养成分及抗氧化、抗癌、降血糖、降血脂及减肥等功效,总结研究现状并对未来发展做出展望,以期为鹰嘴豆的产业深加工以及科学利用提供理论依据。     

Chemical composition,functional properties and microstructural characteristics of three kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as affected by different cooking methods

Chickpea is an important food legume and is a major ingredient in many human diets. Chemical composition, physical parameters, functional properties and microstructural characteristics of three kabuli chickpea cultivars and the effects of three cooking methods were investigated. Carbohydrate and protein were two major components in all seeds. Cooking increased fibre, total carbohydrate and total and resistant starch contents, but decreased ash content. Protein and oil levels of the cooked samples either decreased or did not change significantly. Seed weight and density decreased with cooking. Hydration and swelling capacities as well as water absorption and holding capacities of cooked chickpeas were higher than raw samples, with the largest increases in the pressure‐cooked seeds. Seed weights were highly correlated with hydration (r = 0.89) and swelling (r = 0.76) rates. Emulsifying activity, emulsifying stability and foaming capacity of cooked chickpea flours decreased, while foaming stability increased. Chickpea flours had pronounced morphological changes after cooking.