垂盆草的提取及保健口服液的研制

用蒸馏水对垂盆草进行浸泡、煮沸、过滤、并将滤液分别用乙酸乙酯和石油醚进行萃取，得到萃取产物。利用萃取产物、垂盆草新鲜草和干草分别配制不同口味的保健型垂盆草口服液。通过评定：鲜垂盆草有独特难闻的味道，垂盆草干草在干燥过程中其有效成分（如垂盆草甙）容易氧化分解，从而失去疗效。合适配方为：萃取产物0．05％，葡萄糖5％，蜂蜜1％，盐0．03％，维生素C0．01％，香精0．03％。     

固态发酵豆粕生产大豆异黄酮研究

用能分泌β-葡萄糖苷酶的少孢根霉RT-3作为菌种对豆粕进行发酵生产大豆异黄酮甙元。少孢根霉RT-3最大生物量的液态深层发酵工艺：接种1．5g少孢根霉于pH值4．5的黄豆芽培养液100mL，含麦芽糖3g、1％硫酸铵和0．4％尿素，37℃振荡培养24h。固态发酵豆粕生产大豆异黄酮甙元最适工艺：灭菌豆粕在室温加50％灭菌水拌匀，加适量麸皮作碳源，再拌匀；用乳酸酸化发酵基质，再补水25％，混合均质，接种少孢根霉RT-3，于37℃发酵36h。     

加热预处理对大豆异黄酮含量及组分的影响

通过140℃、40min热处理后大豆胚芽中的异黄酮形式发生改变，通过TLC、HPLC等方法对胚芽提取液中异黄酮组分进行鉴定。结果表明，通过热处理以后，胚芽中主要的异黄酮形式为染料木甙和大豆甙等物质．但总异黄酮含量变化甚微；该实验还研究了提取液经大孔树脂吸附后，25％、40％、55％乙醇洗脱液中异黄酮的主要形式。     

酸水解法提取大豆异黄酮甙元工艺研究

以脱脂大豆粕为原料，采取酸水解后用无水乙醚萃取的方法提取大豆异黄酮甙元成分并通过单因素实验和正交实验确定了最佳提取工艺参数。实验结果表明，酸水解法提取大豆异黄酮的提取率和产品纯度均高于常规有机溶剂浸提法。     

腐乳发醇过程中大豆异黄酮构型和含量的变化

研究了6％、10％食盐含量的腐乳发酵过程中大豆异黄酮构型和含量的变化。结果表明，食盐含量和β—葡萄糖甙酶活性与腐乳发酵过程中大豆异黄酮的构型转化密切相关。酶的活性在毛坯发酵24h后开始快速增长，在腌制2d时达到最高值102．60U／g。     

天然番茄红素超临界CO2萃取和定量的研究

本研究了超临界CO2萃取天然番茄红素的工艺，确定了提携剂的选择，萃取温度，萃取压力，萃取时间等最佳参数，并对提取物中的番茄红素进行了定量测定。实验表明：30Mpa，55℃，2h，CO2流量为30kg／h，提携剂为30ml大豆色拉油的条件下，提取率达到93．58％，100克干料可以获得29．15克纯度为1．37％的番茄红素提取物。     

怀槐培养细胞中异黄酮分析及其保肝作用

怀槐愈伤组织具有异黄酮合成能力，HPLC分析表明培养3周的愈伤组织中积累芒柄花黄素、染料木素、大豆甙元等三种主要异黄酮含量分别平均为53．4、12．3、17．4μg/gFW。愈伤组织经乙醇提取和乙酸乙酯萃取可有效去除杂质，萃取出的总异黄酮对小鼠四氯化碳急性肝损伤有显著的保护作用，可以有效降低肝损伤引起的血清GOT、GPT升高，增加血清TP、Alb的含量，效果均好于甘草甜素片。     

大豆糖蜜中磷脂的分离纯化研究

以大豆糖蜜酸沉沉淀物为原料,通过乙醇-正己烷萃取,丙酮萃取制备粉末磷脂,并从粉末磷脂中纯化出磷脂酰胆碱组分。结果表明,制取粉末磷脂的最适条件为：乙醇与正己烷体积比为1：1,丙酮萃取的最适溶料比为8：1,搅拌萃取时间30min,萃取次数3次。采用氧化铝柱分离纯化,用95％乙醇和不同梯度的氯仿-甲醇作为洗脱剂得到的磷脂酰胆碱产品纯度分别为98．59％和74．40％,磷脂酰胆碱的回收率分别为78．74％和98．97％。     

双溶剂萃取（浸出）大豆胚制取浓缩蛋白新工艺的研究

本文主要研究探讨了采用６号溶剂油、乙醇萃取（浸出）大豆胚制取浓缩蛋白的最佳工艺过程。即６号溶剂油浸出后的大豆湿粕采用固液比为１：２的６０％乙醇浸泡，可最大量的萃取６号溶剂油。然后再按常规浓缩蛋白工艺制取浓缩蛋白，其蛋白质含量达到６１．４％。     

大豆皂甙化学生理作用及呈味研究

大豆皂甙化学生理作用及呈味研究许显滨大池昶威大久保一良（黑龙江省农业科学院１５００８６）大豆中含有０５％～２５％的皂甙（皂角甙），是配糖体的一种，含糖２４％～２７％，易溶于水或８０％乙醇溶液。随着人们对大豆营养价值的不断认识和深入研究大豆的特...     

大蒜提取物对大豆油抗氧化作用研究

以过氧化值(POV)为指标研究了大蒜提取物对大豆油的抗氧化作用，结果表明：大蒜提取物对大豆油具有较强的抗氧化作用，且具有剂量效应关系；添加了大蒜提取物的大豆油应尽量贮存于低温条件下(4℃)；大蒜提取物与合成抗氧化剂混合使用时，其抗氧化能力均好于只添加单一抗氧化剂的效果，0．04％大蒜提取物与0．005％PG混合使用时其抗氧化作用大于人工合成抗氧化剂PG最大限度使用量时的作用。     

大豆蛋白抗氧化活性肽的制备工艺研究

以豆粕为原料,优化大豆蛋白的最佳提取条件。以大豆蛋白为底物,以体外抗氧化活性为指标,从4种蛋白酶中筛选出一种碱性蛋白酶为最佳水解酶,并优化其最佳水解条件。结果表明:大豆粕的基本成分为蛋白质41.2%,水分10.1%。通过预处理大豆粕,选用豆粕与水的比例1∶10、pH值9.0及40℃条件下浸泡2 h,此时大豆蛋白提取率可达92.7%。采用碱性蛋白酶制备大豆蛋白抗氧化活性肽的最佳水解条件为:在底物浓度5%、酶底比0.7%、pH值8.5及温度50℃下酶解4 h,此时用亚油酸法测得大豆蛋白抗氧化活性肽的过氧化抑制率为82.2%。     

Changes in physical properties of Yukwa (fried rice snack) by soybean extract concentration and incubation time

This study assessed the effects of soybean extract concentration and incubation time on the physical properties of Yukwa, a traditional Korean oil-puffed snack. Notably, whiteness decreased, while redness and yellowness increased as the soybean extract concentration increased. The expansion rate of Yukwa increased as the soybean extract concentration increased. Moreover, that in the 0 and 7% soybean extract groups decreased, followed by slight increase as the incubation time increased, and the 14% soybean extract treatment group showed increased expansion with incubation time. The oil absorption rate of Yukwa increased with soybean extract concentration and incubation time, and the hardness of Yukwa was decreased as the soybean extract concentration and incubation time increased. Peak number increased with soybean extract concentration, but decreased with incubation time. Finally, response surface analysis showed that a soybean extract concentration of 7.69% and incubation time of 6.41 h were optimal for achieving the desired peak number.     

Determination of in vitro isoflavone degradation in rumen fluid

The aim of this study was to determine the degradation of dietary isoflavones in rumen fluid under 2 feeding regimens. The experiments were performed in vitro using a rumen fluid buffer system. The rumen fluid was taken from cows fed either a hay diet or a concentrate-rich diet (the diet consisted of 34.6% maize silage, 17.6% haylage, 12.8% alfalfa hay, and 35.0% supplemental mixture on a dry matter basis). As a source of isoflavones, 40% soybean extract (Biomedica, Prague, Czech Republic) at levels of 5, 25, 50, and 75 mg per 40 mL of rumen fluid was used. Samples of soybean extract were incubated in triplicate at 39°C for 0, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 24.0 h in incubation solution. The metabolism of daidzein and genistein was faster under concentrate-rich diet conditions. In general, production of equol started after 3 to 6 h of incubation and reached the highest rate after approximately 12 h of incubation regardless of the type of diet or concentration of extract. In most of the experiments, production of equol continued after 24 h of incubation. Generally, equol production was greater under the hay diet conditions. Furthermore, experiments with higher amounts of added soybean extract revealed possible inhibitory effects of high levels of isoflavones on the rumen microflora.     

大豆植酸分离方法对测定结果的影响

探讨了大豆植酸的浸提、离心和离子交换条件对其测定结果的影响。大豆经磨粉、过筛后 ,用 0 3 5mol/LHCl 0 7mol/LNa2 SO4溶液能充分提取出大豆的植酸 ;沸水浴后40 0 0r/min离心 10min可除去蛋白质 ;阴离子交换时 ,依次用 15mL蒸馏水、15mL 0 0 5mol/LNaCl淋洗 ,而后用 2 0mL 0 7mol/LNaCl以 1 0mL/min的速度洗脱 ,洗脱液的植酸加标回收率达到 98%以上 ;4个大豆样品中植酸测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为 1 2 3 %、4 0 5 %、1 5 3 %和 1 83 %。     

嗜热乳酸杆菌l-乳酸发酵条件的初步研究

对产L-乳酸的嗜热乳酸杆菌进行了发酵条件的初步研究:摇瓶发酵和静置发酵的对比实验以及培养基的优化实验。结果表明,摇瓶发酵优于静置发酵;麸皮和黄豆粉的最适添加量分别为2%和3%;木薯为最佳碳源;黄豆粉可代替部分酵母膏;木薯糖化液中加入适量黄豆粉和维生素B可代替酵母膏。     

Original article: Incorporations of blueberry extracts into soybean‐protein‐isolate film preserve qualities of packaged lard

The effect of blueberry‐extract incorporation into soybean‐protein‐isolate edible film on the quality of packaged lard was compared with vitamin E or butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) incorporations individually during the storage at 36 °C and relative humidity of 40% for 5 weeks. Blueberry‐extract incorporations into soybean‐protein‐isolate film showed a greater tensile strength, lower water vapour permeability and lower oxygen permeability than vitamin E or BHA incorporations individually. On the other hand, the antioxidant capacity of soybean‐protein‐isolate film incorporated with the blueberry extract was greater than that incorporated with vitamin E and similar to that incorporated with BHA. Moreover, soybean‐protein‐isolate film incorporated with the blueberry extract showed a greater capacity to delay the lard hydrolysis than that incorporated with BHA, and a similar capacity to that incorporated with vitamin E. Consequently, blueberry‐extract incorporations into soybean‐protein‐isolate film not only improved mechanical and barrier properties, but also delayed the oxidation and hydrolysis of packaged lard. Therefore, blueberry‐extract incorporations into soybean‐protein‐isolate films have potential as a packaging material which will preserve the qualities of stored lard.     

山药内酯豆腐的研制

以大豆、山药为主要原料 ,利用葡萄糖酸 δ内酯为凝固剂 ,研制了山药内脂豆腐。其制作最佳工艺参数为 :m(大豆 )∶m(H2 O) =1∶5 ,豆乳与山药泥质量比为 1 0∶3 ,葡萄糖酸 δ 内酯添加量为 0 2 7%。该产品呈白色 ,具纯正豆香味及山药的特有风味     

Hydrolysis of soybean isoflavone glycosides by a thermostable β-glucosidase from Paecilomycesthermophila

The β-glucosidase from Paecilomyces thermophila J18 was found to be capable of hydrolysing daidzin and genistin in a previous study. This report further evaluated the thermostability and hydrolysis of soybean isoflavone glycosides. The enzyme was found to be very stable at 50 °C, and retained more than 95% of its initial activity after 8 h at 50 °C. It converted isoflavone glycosides, in soybean flour extract and soybean embryo extract, to their aglycones, resulting in more than 93% of hydrolysis of three isoflavone glycosides (namely, daidzin, genistin and glycitin) after 4 h of incubation. Also, addition of the β-glucosidase greatly increased the contents of isoflavone aglycones in the suspended soybean flour and soymilk. The results indicate that the thermostable β-glucosidase may be used to increase the isoflavone aglycones in soy products. This is the first report on the potential application of fungal β-glucosidases for converting isoflavone glycosides to their aglycones in soy products.     

绿茶、橘皮、大豆中酚类物质体外消化前后稳定性及抗氧化活性的研究

本研究以富含3类代表性酚类化合物（黄烷醇、黄烷酮和异黄酮）的3种食物（绿茶、橘皮、大豆）作为原料,模拟其在人体口胃肠中的体外消化过程。采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器/电喷雾-四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱检测器（HPLC-DAD/ESI-Q-TOF-MS）检测体外消化前后酚类化合物的种类及含量变化,同时测定不同消化阶段总酚含量（TPC）、总黄酮含量（TFC）以及抗氧化活性（DPPH、ABTS、FRAP、ORAC）的变化。结果表明,绿茶提取物中检测出4种酚类化合物（表没食子儿茶素、(+)-儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯和表儿茶素没食子酸酯）,大豆提取物中检测出4种酚类化合物（大豆苷、染料木苷、大豆苷元和染料木素）,橘皮提取物中检测出2种酚类化合物（柚皮苷和橙皮苷）;三种食物提取物中,经过体外消化后,绿茶提取物中的酚类化合物最不稳定,除(+)-儿茶素外,其余3种酚类物质几乎降解完全,损失率均达95%以上。绿茶、橘皮、大豆提取物的TPC在胃消化阶段显著升高（P<0.05）,在肠消化阶段显著降低（P<0.05）。绿茶提取物TFC在口腔和胃消化阶段显著升高（P<0.05）,在肠消化阶段显著降低（P<0.05）。橘皮、大豆提取物TFC与TPC变化趋势一致。绿茶提取物的四种抗氧化活性经胃肠消化后呈先升高再降低的趋势。大豆提取液体外消化前后ABTS、FRAP抗氧化活性在口腔阶段显著降低（P<0.05）,DPPH、ORAC抗氧化活性在口腔、胃消化阶段显著升高（P<0.05）,在肠消化阶段显著降低（P<0.05）。橘皮提取液ORAC抗氧化活性在肠消化阶段显著升高（P<0.05）,ABTS、FRAP抗氧化活性在体外消化阶段均表现出和总酚含量变化一致的趋势。