棉Modal锦纶赛络纺包芯纱的纺制

探讨外包纤维为精梳棉、Modal,芯纱为锦纶长丝的赛络纺包芯纱的生产工艺.介绍了锦纶丝、澳洲棉和Modal纤维的性能特点及纺纱工艺流程,通过纺纱工艺试验,针对原料性能,各工序优化配置了纺纱工艺并采取了相应的技术措施.粗纱工序采用轻定量、低速度、重加压、大隔距、较小后区牵伸和较大粗纱捻系数的工艺,细纱工序减小后区牵伸倍数,放大后区罗拉中心距.实践表明,纺制的精梳棉Modal锦纶丝赛络纺包芯纱为低弹纱,成纱质量良好.在纺制锦纶丝包芯纱时,选用的外包纤维细长、长度整齐度高,可以改善成纱条干和包覆效果,保证成纱质量.     

赛络纺棉氨纶包芯纱的纺制

探讨赛络纺棉氨纶包芯纱的生产工艺.通过改造原细纱机包芯纱机台,实施赛络纺工艺,合理配置各工序工艺参数并采取必要的技术管理措施,顺利纺制出29 tex赛络纺棉氨纶包芯纱,使成纱条干CV值降低0.5个百分点,毛羽下降20.6％,单纱强力提高13％,包覆效果改善,织机效率同比提高5％.认为采用赛络纺工艺是进一步提升棉氨纶包芯纱质量的有效手段.     

棉海藻纤维氨纶赛络包芯纱的纺制及工艺优化

探讨棉海藻纤维氨纶赛络包芯纱的纺制方法及工艺优化。棉与海藻纤维采用原料混和方式,选取5种混纺比,即75∶25、70∶30、65∶35、60∶40、55∶45进行混和,分别对氨纶丝预牵伸倍数、喇叭口间距、细纱捻度进行正交试验,并运用数据包络法对各试验方案测试数据进行分析。得出:棉海藻纤维混纺比60∶40,喇叭口间距1 mm,氨纶丝预牵伸为3倍时,细纱捻度56.6捻/10 cm或氨纶丝预牵伸为3.25倍时,细纱捻度61.6捻/10 cm是32 tex棉海藻纤维氨纶赛络包芯纱的较优工艺参数配置。     

赛络纺棉氨纶包芯纱的生产及应用

为了提高弹力牛仔布质量,试纺了赛络纺棉氨纶包芯纱,并与传统环锭纺棉氨纶包芯纱的成纱质量进行了对比.通过合理配棉,优化纺纱工艺,赛络纺棉氨纶包芯纱顺利纺制,其条干、强度及毛羽等主要质量指标优于传统环锭纺棉氨纶包芯纱,且包覆效果好,织制的弹力牛仔布布面光洁,纬向缩率减小,纬向色档疵点消除.     

莫代尔/芦荟/棉竹节纱赛络纺纺纱实践

为提高莫代尔/芦荟/棉竹节纱质量,采用赛络纺纺纱工艺生产。文章简要介绍了莫代尔、芦荟纤维的特性以及莫代尔/芦荟/棉竹节纱赛络纺纺纱工艺流程,并指出莫代尔纤维、芦荟纤维纺纱前需进行预处理以及三种纤维混纺要混合均匀等关键问题,保证了成纱质量。     

不同纺纱方式对竹浆纤维混纺纱线性能的影响

为研究不同纺纱方式对竹浆纤维混纺纱线性能的影响,采用竹浆纤维、棉纤维、涤纶纤维与粘胶纤维进行混纺,混纺比例为15/40/30/15。通过对竹浆纤维混纺纱线的条干均匀度、毛羽、断裂强度、断裂伸长率等性能进行测试分析,探究了纺纱方式对成纱性能产生影响的原因。结果表明:由于转杯纺、赛络纺、环锭纺、赛络紧密纺、普通紧密纺纺纱方式不同,其不同的成纱结构特点影响了纱线的内在性能。环锭纱适宜生产强力要求较高的产品,紧密纱综合性能较好,赛络纱具有良好的外观特征,转杯纱的条干CV值优于环锭纱,赛络紧密纺的成纱毛羽最低。     

棉莱赛尔赛络菲尔纱的纺制与性能分析

为开发新型赛络菲尔纱,将赛络菲尔纺纱中的长丝用短纤维纱代替,成功试纺出不同混纺比例和结构的棉莱赛尔赛络菲尔纱。测试分析了纱线结构、强伸性能,并对5种相同号数、不同结构和混纺比的棉与莱赛尔纯纺和复合纱线进行了吸放湿性能对比分析。结果表明:所纺棉赛络菲尔纱具有类似股线的结构特征,5种纱线的吸放湿过程相近,莱赛尔棉赛络菲尔纱、棉莱赛尔赛络菲尔纱和莱赛尔棉赛络纱的混纺比例接近,其吸放湿性能无明显差异。认为:对于不同结构的棉与莱赛尔纤维复合纱线,影响吸放湿性能的主要因素是纤维原料,纱线结构影响不显著。     

传统和赛络纺锦纶长丝包芯纱的比较

为了了解传统和赛络纺锦纶长丝包芯纱的差异,以便更好地组织生产,对现有细纱机进行了改造,分别生产了传统和赛络纺同品种的锦纶长丝包芯纱,并对成纱质量进行了测试。对这2种包芯纱的纺纱机构、成纱质量和纺纱工艺进行了比较,指出传统包芯纱可在加装了芯丝喂入机构和预牵伸机构的细纱机上生产,赛络纺包芯纱可在加装了赛络纺装置和包芯纱装置的细纱机上纺制;赛络纺包芯纱的质量性能明显优于传统包芯纱,尤其在包覆效果、毛羽和条干均匀度方面;二者的粗纱牵伸倍数、芯丝预牵伸倍数、罗拉隔距、罗拉加压相似,但赛络纺包芯纱所采用的粗纱喂入隔距应小些,赛络纺包芯纱的捻系数比传统的低,而锭速可大些。     

赛络纺包芯纱工艺试验与成纱结构分析

介绍了利用赛络纺纱技术纺制棉氨包芯纱的原理、装置与工艺以及生产中存在的问题和采取的技术措施;将赛络纺棉氨包芯纱的成纱质量和成纱结构与环锭纺普通棉氨包芯纱进行了对比分析,结果表明,赛络纺棉氨包芯纱强伸性好、毛羽少、结构紧密、包覆效果好.     

全聚赛络纺与全聚纺双芯纱成纱效果对比

双丝包芯纱是一种新型的短纤与长丝复合纱线,为了探究棉粗纱喂入方式对双丝包芯纱包覆效果和成纱质量的影响,分别采用全聚赛络纺和全聚纺纺制364 dtex/83.3 dtex/44.4 dtex棉/有色锦纶/氨纶、364 dtex/30μm/44.4 dtex和292 dtex/30μm/44.4 dtex棉/不锈钢/氨纶三种纱线,并对纱线的包覆效果和纱线质量进行测试,来寻求最适合双丝包芯纱的粗纱喂入形式。研究结果表明:在不同鞘纱喂入方式下纺制双芯纱,成纱机理不同,形成的纱体结构也不同;通过全聚赛络纺纺制的双芯纱成纱性能更优,包覆效果更好,可更好地适应市场需求。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.