2-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-咪唑并[1,2-a]-吡啶鎓氯化物的合成

以2-氨基吡啶和氯乙酰氯为原料,合成2-(2-氯乙酰氨基)吡啶,进一步环合生成2-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-咪唑并[1,2-a]-吡啶鎓氯化物.分别考察物质的量比、反应温度、反应时间对中间体及目标产物收率的影响.通过单因素试验,确定合成2-(2-氯乙酰氨基)吡啶的较佳工艺条件为:氯仿为溶剂,反应温度0℃,反应时间4 h,n(2-氨基吡啶)∶n(氯乙酰氯)=1∶1.5;合成2-氧代-2,3-二氢-1H-咪唑并[1,2-a]-吡啶鎓氯化物的较佳工艺条件为:乙腈为溶剂,反应温度75℃,反应时间12 h.利用1H-NMR和IR对中间体及目标产物结构进行了表征.     

植物甾醇葡萄糖琥珀酸二酯的合成研究

以植物甾醇、琥珀酸酐、葡萄糖为原料,通过两步法合成植物甾醇葡萄糖琥珀酸二酯,以改善植物甾醇的亲水性。首先植物甾醇与琥珀酸酐合成植物甾醇琥珀酸单酯,然后以合成的植物甾醇琥珀酸单酯为原料合成植物甾醇葡萄糖琥珀酸二酯,并以植物甾醇葡萄糖琥珀酸二酯的酯化率为指标,优化第二步反应条件。确定最优合成条件为:N,N-二环己基碳酰亚胺(DCC),4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)和植物甾醇琥珀酸单酯摩尔比1.1∶0.1∶1.0,植物甾醇琥珀酸单酯浓度0.1mmol/m L,溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),植物甾醇琥珀酸单酯与葡萄糖摩尔比1∶1.5,反应温度25℃,反应时间36 h。在最优合成条件下,酯化率可达85%以上。由质谱分析可知,合成的产物为植物甾醇葡萄糖琥珀酸二酯,其在水中的溶解度由原来的0 g/L提高到1.41 g/L。     

新型两性皮革加脂剂的合成研究

用高级脂肪酸与二乙醇胺在无机酸催化条件下,合成制得脂肪酸-2-(羟乙基氨基)乙酯(化合物Ⅰ),然后再对其进行磷酸化得磷酸单-2-[2-(脂肪酰氧基)乙基氨基]乙酯(化合物Ⅱ),最后化合物(Ⅱ)与氢氧化钾中和生成最终产物.在合成中对磷酸化试剂的选择、反应时间、反应温度、反应物与磷酸化试剂的摩尔比对磷酸单酯含量的影响进行探讨,得出最佳合成工艺.其中化合物Ⅰ的最佳合成工艺条件:反应温度150℃;反应时间2 h,化合物Ⅱ的最佳合成工艺条件∶n(化合物Ⅰ):n(五氧化二磷)为2.5:1～3:1;反应温度130℃;反应时间为4 h.     

含酰胺基阴离子型有机硅表面活性剂的合成及性能

以六甲基二硅氧烷和γ-氨丙基二乙氧基甲基硅烷为原料、四甲基氢氧化铵·五水化合物为催化剂制得氨丙基三硅氧烷.氨丙基三硅氧烷与丁二酸酐反应得到4-(三硅氧烷-2-丙氨基)-4-氧代丁酸,较佳工艺条件为:n(氨丙基三硅氧烷)∶n(丁二酸酐)=1.0∶1.1,冰浴条件下反应2 h,室温条件下反应2 h.4-(三硅氧烷-2-丙氨基)-4-氧代丁酸与碳酸氢钠反应得到4-(三硅氧烷-2-丙氨基)-4-氧代丁酸钠.经1H-NMR和IR对产物进行结构表征并测定其表面性能.结果表明:目标产物临界胶束浓度cmc为1.99×10-3mol/L,γcmc为29.4 m N/m,对织物具有较好的柔软性.     

聚硅氧烷基琥珀酸酰胺磺酸钠的研制与应用

研究采用磺化和乳化一步完成的新方法合成聚硅氧烷基琥珀酸酰胺磺酸盐(SISS).得到最佳T艺条件为:在n(氨基硅油GY):n(顺酐)=1.0:0.7,于70℃下酰胺化反应40min.n(亚硫酸钠):n(顺酐)=1.10:1.00,表面活性剂TG用量为酰胺化产物质量的50%,于80℃下磺化反应4h.测定了所得产物的表面活性、应用性能和稳定性.表面张力,临界胶束浓度、乳化力和钙皂分散力分别为2.65×10-2N/m、8.32×10-2mol/L、82 s和20%,乳液透明稳定.测试其对纯棉白布整理效果,并与未经改性的氨基硅油GY比较,结果表明SISS整理织物性能优异.     

含杂原子苯基有机硅聚合物的制备及织物整理

以八甲基环四硅氧烷、二苯基二甲氧基硅烷、氨基硅烷为主要原料,通过碱催化开环聚合反应合成中间体苯基氨基硅油(PhAS)。然后以PhAS和苯基膦酰二氯为原料,通过亲核取代反应制备含杂原子苯基有机硅聚合物(PSiNBP)。用红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振氢谱('H-NMR)对PhAS及PSiNBP进行结构表征,研究了反应温度、反应时间、溶剂种类以及投料比n(NH_2):n(PCl)对整理织物柔软性和阻燃性的影响;测试了PhAS及PSiNBP整理织物的耐洗性能以及乳液的应用性能。IR和~1H-NMR证实合成的产物为预期产物。通过正交试验得到优化的PSiNBP合成条件为:反应温度5℃,反应时间1 h,CHCl_3为溶剂,n(NH_2):n(PCl)=2.4:1。经过5次洗涤后,PhAS及PSiNBP整理织物的弯曲刚度和燃烧时间变化不大;当复合乳化剂用量为25%时,乳液具有较好的离心稳定性和透光度。     

超声条件下缩水甘油基三甲基氯化铵改性PVA的研究

超声条件下用三甲胺(TMA)和环氧氟丙烷(EPIC)合成中间体醚化剂缩水甘油基三甲基氯化铵(GTA),用GTA改性聚乙烯醇(PVA)得到阳离子聚乙烯醇.合成GTA的优化条件为:反应温度20℃,n(EPIC)/n(TMA)=1:0.4,反应时间0.5h,GTA产率91.42%.合成阳离子聚乙烯醇的优化条件为:n(PVA)/n(GTA)=1.5:1,pH=7～8,反应1.5h,取代度(DS)=0.041.对产物进行元素分析和红外表征,结果表明制备的阳离子聚乙烯醇性能优良.     

N-月桂酰基丙氨酸钠的合成及其性能的研究

以月桂酰氯和丙氨酸为原料,在碱性条件下,经缩合反应制得了N-月桂酰基丙氨酸钠(SLA),并对合成工艺进行了优化.采用红外光谱和核磁共振谱对产物结构进行了表征,还对产物的表面活性和应用性能进行了测试.研究结果表明,合成SLA的最优工艺条件为:以水和丙酮为溶剂,V(水):V(丙酮)=4:6,n(丙氨酸):n(月桂酰氯)=2:l,pH=9,20℃反应4 h.在此条件下,SEA的产率可达87.5%.SLA的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为6.7×10-3mol/L,γcmc为39.1 mN/m,c20为0.87×10-4mol/L,具有良好的泡沫性能和钙皂分散性能,但乳化性能不佳.     

烷基(酚)聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐的合成、性能及脱墨应用

通过AEO-9和TX-10,与顺酐及亚硫酸钠反应合成了烷基(酚)聚氧乙烯醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐,得到其较佳合成条件为:酯化反应n(醚):n(酐)=1:1.05,反应温度为90℃,反应时间为3h;磺化反应温度为85℃,反应时间为2h。测定了所得产物的表面活性并进行脱墨应用,结果表明,与生产用脱墨剂相比,其脱墨后白度提高,残余油墨量下降。     

磷酸酯盐型两性皮革加脂剂的研制与应用

用高级脂肪酸与二乙醇胺在无机酸催化条件下,合成制得脂肪酸-2-(羟乙基氨基)乙酯(化合物Ⅰ),然后再对其进行磷酸化得磷酸单-2-[2-(脂肪酰氧基)乙基氨基]乙酯(化合物Ⅱ),最后化合物(Ⅱ)与氢氧化钾中和生成最终产物。在合成中,对磷酸化试剂的选择、反应时间、反应温度、反应物与磷酸化试剂的摩尔比对磷酸单酯含量的影响进行探讨,得出最佳合成工艺。其中化合物Ⅰ的最佳合成工艺条件:反应温度140℃,反应时间4h;化合物Ⅱ的最佳合成工艺条件,n(化合物Ⅰ)∶n(五氧化二磷)为3∶1,反应温度130℃,反应时间为4h。并进行加脂应用试验及应用结果分析。     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

Contamination of animal feed and food from animal origin with mineral oil hydrocarbons

Oils and fats used for the production of animal feed can become contaminated with mineral oil material originating from gas oils (C₁₈-C₃₅) or synthetic oils (poly alpha olefins, C₂₅ to beyond C₄₅). An important cause is assumed to be the discharge of waste oils, such as motor oil and hydraulic oils. Mineral oil material was analysed by on-line LC-GC-FID directly in the fat or in a raw extract from animal feed or foodstuffs. In Switzerland in summer/autumn 1999 concentrations in oils and fats for feed production were often found to be between 100 and 1000mg/kg. In the feeds, the average concentration was around 100mg/kg with values ranging up to a maximum of 1000mg/kg; few samples were free of contamination. In animal body fat, the average concentration determined in summer 1999 was 25mg/kg, with a maximum of 150mg/kg, although in samples from December 1999, contamination was substantially lower. In the fat phase of eggs, the average concentration was 30mg/kg, with a maximum of 80mg/kg. Paraffin oil is used for feed production, which may account for part of the contamination problem (e.g. eggs).