基于酶/NOBS体系棉织物低温漂白工艺研究

通过对漂白活化剂壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠(NOBS)在高碱性纤维素酶辅助预处理条件下漂白效果的研究,获得较为绿色、环保的酶-NOBS体系低温漂白工艺。以织物白度为指标,考察了高碱性纤维素酶浓度、耐高温渗透剂JFC-M浓度、预处理时间、预处理温度、NaOH浓度、H_2O_2浓度、活化剂NOBS浓度、漂白时间、漂白温度9个变量,得到最佳漂白工艺:在纤维素酶浓度7.0 g/L,NaOH浓度1.5 g/L,耐高温渗透剂JFC-M浓度为0.5 g/L,预处理温度40℃条件下,预处理棉织物10 min后,在80℃条件下,按6.0 g/L加入双氧水,漂白15 min后,再加入1.0 g/L NOBS,继续漂白30 min,棉织物白度为78.75%。与常规低温漂白工艺相比,棉织物的强力损伤小,K/S值和上染百分率均提高。     

棉针织物的铁配合物低温催化漂白

以4,4′-二甲基-2,2′-联吡啶(L)及其氮氧化物(LNO)为配体,分别与铁盐反应,合成铁配合物FeL及FeLNO;采用红外光谱仪、核磁共振波谱仪和元素分析仪,对所合成的两个铁配合物结构进行分析,并将两个配合物应用于双氧水低温浸渍漂白棉针织物中。探讨了稳定剂浓度、双氧水浓度、pH值、温度、配合物浓度和漂白时间对漂白效果的影响。配合物FeLNO的优化漂白工艺为:稳定剂PBTCA 1 g/L,pH值为10.5,温度为65℃,时间为105 min,30%H2O2质量浓度为10 g/L,配合物浓度为12.5μmol/L,精练剂ZJ-CH60 1 g/L,浴比为1∶20。配合物FeL漂白优化工艺条件为:稳定剂PBTCA 1.5 g/L,pH值为11,温度为80℃,时间为90 min,30%H2O2质量浓度为10 g/L,配合物浓度为17.5μmol/L,精练剂ZJ-CH60 1 g/L,浴比为1∶20。从漂白效果来看,配合物FeLNO要优于配合物FeL。配合物FeLNO工艺漂白的织物白度达到73.5%,同样条件下未加入配合物漂白的织物白度仅为61.47%,说明配合物具有较好的低温催化漂白作用。     

活化剂DM-1430在羊毛/亚麻混纺纱漂白中的应用

研究了活化剂DM-1430在羊毛/亚麻混纺纱漂白中的应用工艺。探讨了温度、pH值、时间、活化剂用量、漂白剂用量对纱线性能的影响,并通过正交试验确定了氧漂活化剂应用于羊毛/亚麻混纺纱漂白的优化工艺,即H2O2(30%)质量浓度5 g/L,活化剂DM-1430质量浓度1 g/L,精练剂DM-1335质量浓度2 g/L,温度70℃,时间85 min,pH值为7。测试结果表明,氧漂活化剂的应用工艺处理条件温和,能降低漂白温度,减少纤维损伤,利于环保,漂白效果理想,具有可行性。     

亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的过氧乙酸漂白工艺

利用生态漂白剂过氧乙酸对亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的漂白工艺进行了探讨.在过氧乙酸质量浓度、漂白温度、漂白液pH值、漂白时间、稳定剂用量等因素影响混纺纱漂白效果的基础上,利用正交试验确定了过氧乙酸漂白亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的优化工艺,即过氧乙酸质量浓度8g/L,焦磷酸钠质量浓度1.5 g/L,漂白液pH值6.5,温度75℃,时间80 min.性能测试结果表明,过氧乙酸漂白亚麻/羊毛混纺纱的工艺条件温和,对纤维损伤小,利于环保及后续加工,具有工艺可行性.     

活化剂在羊毛织物低温漂白中的应用

采用活化剂/H2O2体系对羊毛织物进行漂白。探讨了H2O2质量浓度、活化剂/H2O2质量比、pH值、温度、时间对羊毛织物漂白效果的影响。实验表明,在H2O2(30%)9 g/L,TAED/H2O2质量比0.5,pH值5～6,60℃,30 min的条件下漂白羊毛,可获得良好的漂白效果。还比较了四乙酰乙二胺(TAED)、四乙酰甘脲(TAGU)、五乙酰葡萄糖(PAG)3种活化剂在低温漂白羊毛工艺中对H2O2的活化效果,实验结果表明:TAGUTAEDPAG。     

灰羽绒的选择性氧化漂白技术研究

为了提高灰色羽绒的白度,增加其适用性,运用亚铁离子对灰羽绒预处理,再用H2O2漂白,并对灰羽绒的选择性氧化漂白工艺进行了系统研究。综合考虑漂白后羽绒的白度、蓬松度,经过单因素试验优化得出了灰羽绒选择性漂白的最佳工艺条件:预处理:Fe2+浓度15%(o.w.f.),次亚磷酸钠浓度30%(o.w.f.),pH值5,浴比1:80,50℃处理40min;清洗:清洗液为1g/L的次亚磷酸钠溶液,在55℃条件下清洗1次,再冷水清洗;漂白:30%H2O2浓度50mL/L～60mL/L,稳定剂焦磷酸钠3g/L,pH值8～8.5,浴比1:50,在60℃条件下漂白100min～120min。     

羊绒过碳酸钠漂白工艺研究

过碳酸钠是一种环保温和型漂白剂,当前在羊绒纤维漂白工艺尚未得到应用。文章通过漂白工艺的试验,探讨采用过碳酸钠对羊绒漂白的可行性。实验结果表明,优化工艺条件为:过碳酸钠质量浓度15 g/L,用NaOH调节pH值至8,TAED质量浓度1.5 g/L,氧漂稳定剂质量浓度2 g/L,漂白温度55℃,漂白时间40 min。与传统双氧水漂白工艺相比较,单纤维强力略高,可达到3.87 cN,白度值略低,但也达到80以上,漂白效果较好,为羊绒的染整企业漂白工艺改进提供了理论参考。     

无磷活化剂2103在羊毛漂白中的应用

为达到部分羊毛制品在加工过程中对白度的较高要求及解决羊毛制品储存过程中易产生黄变的问题,考虑到环保政策对化学试剂的使用限制,实验通过研究新型无磷活化剂2103在羊毛漂白工艺中的应用,探讨了活化剂2103用量、双氧水用量、漂白温度、漂白时间以及pH值对羊毛白度及其力学性能的影响。实验表明:羊毛漂白的最优工艺条件为双氧水体积浓度l5 mL/L,活化剂2103质量浓度2 g/L,漂白温度70℃,漂白时间40 min,pH值6,浴比1∶40;最优工艺条件下羊毛白度为61.084%,白度增长率为25.16%,断裂强度为3.00 cN/dtex,强降率为7.69%;在此基础上加入羊毛保护剂,羊毛白度可以达到64.545%。     

棉织物双氧水/乙酰胍低温活化漂白

采用双氧水/乙酰胍(ACG)活化体系替代传统工艺对棉织物进行漂白.通过考察活化剂种类、ACG的用量、漂白温度和时间,以及漂白pH值对漂白效果的影响,并与双氧水、双氧水/TAED漂白体系进行比较.结果显示,在30%双氧水3 g/L、ACG用量1.6 g/L、pH值约为8和温度60℃的条件下处理60 min,可获得很好的漂白效果.     

纯棉纱布的生物酶一浴两步法煮漂

采用精练酶JLC和活化剂等对纯棉纱布进行一浴两步法煮漂前处理,以处理后纱布的白度、润湿性和断裂强力为评价指标,探究精练酶质量浓度、精练时间、精练温度、pH值、双氧水质量浓度、漂白温度、漂白时间对织物整理效果的影响。优化的煮漂工艺为:第一步,加入精练酶JLC 14 g/L,pH值8,65℃精练40 min;第二步,加入双氧水16 g/L,80℃漂白70 min,添加6 g/L四乙酰乙二胺(TAED),整理后纱布的白度为78.1,且对纱布强力基本没有影响;添加8 g/L乙酰基胍,整理后纱布白度为78.2;添加4 g/L氧漂促进剂得到的纱布白度为77.5。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.