粮库仓储技术智能化的几点思考

粮库智能化建设中仓储技术智能化是近年来粮食行业发展的重要趋势。推进仓储技术智能化,能够有效提高粮库管理效率和粮食储存质量,提高粮库的自动化、信息化和智能化水平,提升粮库设备数字化管控水平,并进一步降低能源消耗、提升粮食的品质,这也是保障国家粮食安全的重要举措之一。本文首先对粮库智能化建设和仓储技术智能化做了简要介绍,总结粮库智能化建设中仓储技术智能化发展的意义,进而剖析目前粮库智能化建设中有关仓储技术智能化还存在的问题,并结合工作实际,创新性提出改进对策,以期帮助粮食企业更好地利用智能化技术,提高粮食储存质量和管理效率,实现经济效益和社会效益双赢。     

粮食浪费之储藏环节

据农业部统计,每年我国粮食因储存不当损失500亿斤,粮食损失数量巨大。目前,我国粮食储备存在的问题主要是:一是国有粮库需大修的比例偏高,存在一定安全隐患,布局不合理,储粮技术普及推广力度不够;二是农村地区储粮设备仍然存在简陋、抵御虫害、鼠害和气候变化能力差的现象;三是全国粮食企业储粮仓许多为危仓老库,储粮条件差,危及粮食安全。国有粮库及加工企业粮食储藏中的浪费1.近年来,国有粮     

我国绿色粮库建设现状与展望

粮库是粮食流通的核心设施,目前我国有18 200个粮库、3.7亿t仓容,粮食收储规模超过了年总产量的一半,粮食储藏技术也从减损降耗、保质安全逐渐向绿色健康、低碳环保的方向转变。从粮库设施设备、粮食仓储技术和粮库系统管理机制等层面分析绿色粮库建设的现状和发展前景,为促进粮食产后仓储业健康发展提供参考。     

浅谈粮食储藏技术处理中的几个误区

针对粮库在粮食安全储藏技术处理上常出现的错误操作提出合理解决办法。     

对我国粮食仓储科技队伍现状的分析

粮食仓库建设和管理、粮食储藏和质量控制的粮食仓储业是粮食流通的重要环节，粮食仓储科技队伍在国家粮食安全保障体系中的地位十分明显，在保障粮食流通和粮食安全中发挥着重要作用。分析我国粮食仓储科技队伍现状和发展趋势，加强粮食仓储科技队伍建设，用科技创新、科技转化应用引领粮食仓储业的发展，对保障国家粮食流通和粮食安全具有十分重要的意义。     

粮食储藏过程中危险因素及安全防护措施的探讨

我国作为人口大国,粮食需求量非常大,因此粮食安全是一项重要的国家战略。周围环境会直接影响粮食的储存安全。随着科学技术水平的不断提高,粮食储藏技术也在不断提高。但是,当前在粮食储藏过程中依然存在着一些危险因素,应当及时采取相应的办法进行解决,确保储粮安全和生产安全。本文就粮食储藏过程中存在的危险因素和安全防护措施进行探讨,为粮食储藏提供参考。     

粮食储藏过程中快速检测技术的应用

在经济发展到一定阶段的我们国家,人们逐渐开始追求高品质生活,于是粮食安全问题理所当然地成为现当代国民关心的重中之重。并且在食品领域大工业化到来的前提条件下,我们在着力解决粮食储藏中的一系列问题,而快速检测技术的应用,可以很好地帮助我们更加及时发现在粮食储藏过程中的大部分不利因素。并且相较于常规检测方法,它能够在耗时更短的同时,还能够做到无损失检测,更具有易于操作、所需成本低廉的优点,因此快速检测技术在现代粮库中的应用逐渐开始被人熟知。     

基于改进的GM(2,1)模型的粮仓温湿度预测

民以食为天,粮食是关系国计民生、国家安全和社会稳定的特殊产品,在自然灾害频发的当今社会,粮食的安全储藏尤为重要。在对粮库温湿度环境进行监测的同时,如果能根据历史数据准确地预测粮库的温湿度未来的变化趋势,将为及时有效地控制粮食的存储条件,保证粮食储备安全提供先机。本文用改进的GM(2,1)模型对粮库检测到的温湿度数据进行建模分析,以期实现对粮库温湿度变化趋势的预测和预警。仿真结果表明,该模型的预测值有较高的精度。     

浅谈全国储备粮库建设的布局

九十年代,国家先后利用世界银行贷款和中央财政安排资金在全国建设了一批质量 较高的粮库,这是一项具有重大意义的战略举措。这些粮库的建成不仅有效地缓解粮食仓容 不足的压力,改善粮食仓储设施的布局和结构,增强国家对粮食的宏观调控能力,确保国家 粮食安全,而且还带动和促进了整个国民经济的持续稳定增长。为进一步搞好今后的粮库建 设,提高国家粮库建设的科学性和合理性,本文拟在总结以往粮库建设的基础上,根据近年 来这些粮库的建设特点和布局,分析了全国粮食生产、流通、消费、库存、流向、流量和仓 储设施的现状,提出了…     

浅议中国粮食安全问题

正粮食是关系国计民生的重要商品,是经济发展、社会稳定和国家自立的基础。随着我国粮食生产的持续增长,粮食安全问题逐渐凸显,党和政府高度重视,本文从粮食生产、粮食质量和粮食储藏三个方面对我国粮食安全现状进行浅议。"粮食安全"概念由1974年被联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)正式提出后,一直作为全球性话题受到各国的高度关注,近年来受到全球人口增     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Influence des ions sur le pouvoir hydratant de l'ure e: e tude sur peau de porc ex vivo

This study deals with the influence of ions (NaCl and MgSO4) in a W/O emulsion containing 10% urea. Moisturization kinetics are assessed by corneometry on pig skin ex vivo. The formula's influence on urea penetration is measured by infrared spectrometry with an ATR device and the stripping method. Corneometry and spectroscopy were chosen to record simultaneously the hydratation levels and urea localization into superficial cell layers. Urea crystallization after evaporation of emulsions and aqueous solutions is described. Results show that urea does not hydrate nor penetrate when applied to the skin through an aqueous gel. In a W/O emulsion, sodium chloride increases the ability of urea to moisturize without improving penetration. In vitro urea crystallization is disturbed by sodium chloride or magnesium sulphate for solutions and emulsions. This stabilization by ions is correlated with good moisturization values. The stabilization of urea in the solute state provided by ions increases its water epidermal binding capacity without enhancing penetration.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Analysis on Economic Indicators from 62 Enterprises in Printing Machinery Industry in Q1 2014

Operation of printing machine industry was still unsatisfactory in the first quarter of 2014.Analysis on operation of printing machine industry.a.Market demand was not strong;sales of product undulated and declined.According to the statistics,the total industrial output value fell by 19.28% in the first quarter of 2014 than the average quarter value in 2013; industrial added value decreased by 4.16%; sales revenue dropped by 22.83%. h. Business operation of enterprises was in poor condition. c. R＆D of new products is an important transformation guarantee for enterprises. d. To take self explore new ways upgrading advantages,and explore new ways.