高效液相色谱法测定果酱中的纳他霉素

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定果酱中纳他霉素残留的检测方法.方法果酱样品经甲醇-水-冰乙酸(体积比为208010)溶剂提取.采用Hypersil ODS2 C18(200mm×4.0mm i.d.,5.0μm)色谱柱_,甲醇-0.75%磷酸水溶液(体积比为7525)为流动相,流速1.00mL/min,检测波长304nm.结果果酱中纳他霉素含量在0.5-100mg/kg范围时与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999),加标回收率93.14%～8.24%(n=6),相对标准偏差(RSD)0.72%～1.49%;在番茄酱和草莓酱样品中,其检出限分别为0.06mg/Kg和0.05mg/Kg(信噪比为3).结论该方法简便、准确,可作为果酱中纳他霉素含量的测定方法.     

超高效液相色谱-波长切换法同时测定健脾丸(浓缩丸)中4种成分的含量

目的建立同时测定健脾丸(浓缩丸)中党参炔苷、白术内酯I、白术内酯II、白术内酯III 4种成分含量的方法。方法采用超高效液相色谱法(UPLC),色谱柱为Poroshell 120 SB-C18(4.6 mm×100 mm,2.7μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%乙酸,梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 ml/min,检测波长为270 nm(党参炔苷和白术内酯III)和220 nm(白术内酯I和白术内酯II),柱温为30℃,进样量为5μl。结果党参炔苷、白术内酯I、白术内酯II、白术内酯III检测线性范围分别为10.157~203.14μg/ml(r=0.9998),1.641~32.82μg/ml(r=0.9997),1.066~21.32μg/ml(r=0.9999),1.859~37.18μg/ml(r=0.9999),平均回收率分别为96.91%(RSD=1.71%,n=6),96.56%(RSD=1.39%,n=6),93.93%(RSD=1.71%,n=6),96.00%(RSD=1.66%,n=6),精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD<2.0%。结论该方法重复性好、结果准确,可用于健脾丸(浓缩丸)的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定黑豆皮中原儿茶酸、表儿茶素的含量

建立HPLC波长切换法同时测定黑豆皮中原儿茶酸、表儿茶素含量的方法。固定相为shim-pack VP-ODS C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为260、280 nm,柱温35℃。原儿茶酸、表儿茶素分别在0.010 52 mg/m L~1.052 mg/m L(r=0.999 6)和0.012 24 mg/m L~1.224 mg/m L(r=0.998 9)浓度范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.46%(RSD=1.08%,n=6)和99.06%(RSD=1.02%,n=6)。     

高效液相色谱法测定痔痛安软膏中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱的含量

目的 建立测定痔痛安软膏中苦参碱与氧化苦参碱含量的HPLC方法.方法 采用Inertsil C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm);以乙腈-0.025 mol/L磷酸二氢钾.0.025 mol/L十二烷基硫酸钠-水(335:185:185:295)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长205 nm.结果 苦参碱、氧化苦参碱分别在42～840 μg/mL(r=1.000 0,n=6)、9.6～192 μg/mL (r=1.000 0,n=6)范围内呈良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为99.67%(n=6,RSD=1.63%),98.29% (n=6,RSD=2.11%).结论 该方法简便、灵敏、准确、专属性强,重现性好,可作为痔痛安软膏的质量控制方法.     

HPLC测定双唑泰凝胶中3种活性成分的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定双唑泰凝胶中3种活性成分含量的方法。方法采用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水-三乙胺(70:30:0.3)(含庚烷磺酸钠10 mmol/L,用磷酸调pH 4.0)为流动相,检测波长260 nm,流速1.0 mL/min。结果甲硝唑、克霉唑与醋酸氯己定分别在101~303,80~240,4.05~12.15μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好;甲硝唑、克霉唑、醋酸氯己定平均回收率(n=5)分别为100.2%(RSD=0.69%),100.7%(RSD=0.55%),100.1%(RSD=0.55%)。结论该方法简便、准确、可靠,重复性好,可用于测定双唑泰凝胶中活性成分的含量。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定刺梨中芦丁和槲皮素的含量

建立反相高效液相色谱法测定刺梨中芦丁和槲皮素的含量。采用WatersSunfire ODS C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.2%磷酸缓冲溶液(60:40),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长360nm,柱温30℃,进样量10μL。结果表明,在上述色谱条件下,芦丁和槲皮素良好分离,质量浓度分别在2~100μg/mL(R2=0.9991)和1~100μg/mL(R2=0.9992)之间线性关系良好。平均加标回收率分别为98.27%和99.15%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为2.98%和3.76%,重现性实验RSD分别为芦丁2.18%(n=5),槲皮素1.76%(n=5)。测得刺梨中芦丁和槲皮素的平均含量分别为7.070mg/g和1.352mg/g。RP-HPLC法简便快捷、灵敏,结果准确,可用于刺梨中黄酮成分含量的检测。     

高效液相色谱法测定鱼露中章鱼胺和牛磺酸

通过高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatogtaphy,HPLC)检测鱼露中章鱼胺和牛磺酸的含量。用2,4-二硝基氟苯作为柱前衍生试剂,色谱柱:SunFireTM C 18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm),流动相:乙腈-pH 7.5的0.02 mol/L的NaJ 2PO 4溶液(体积比40∶60),流速1 mL/min,检测波长360 nm。结果表明,在0.01~0.1 mg/mL,章鱼胺的质量浓度与峰面积关系良好(R 2=0.9926),平均回收率为99.23%,RSD=0.044%(n=6);在0.03~0.1 mg/mL,牛磺酸的质量浓度与峰面积关系良好(R 2=0.9929),平均回收率为97.67%,RSD=0.038%(n=6)。该方法可用于检测鱼露中章鱼胺和牛黄酸的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定大豆低聚糖中的棉籽糖和水苏糖

建立了同时测定大豆低聚糖中棉籽糖和水苏糖含量的高效液相色谱分析方法(HPLC)。采用示差折光检测器(RID),色谱柱为Agilent Zorbax carbohydrate柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-水(75:25,V:V),流速1.0mL/min,柱温30℃。实验结果表明:棉籽糖和水苏糖分别在1~10mg/mL、1~10mg/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数分别为0.9925、0.9971;2种糖的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为1.57%、1.81%(n=5),平均回收率分别为95.8%、96.0%。该分析方法简便,准确、可靠,适用于大豆低聚糖中棉籽糖和水苏糖含量的检测。     

超高效液相色谱法同时测定柑橘中11种类黄酮物质

通过正交试验优化样品前处理条件,建立超高效液相色谱快速检测柑橘中11种类黄酮物质的方法。以甲醇-乙酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,8种黄烷酮和3种多甲氧基黄酮11min内完全基线分离(检测波长283nm和330nm)。方法检出限为0.005～0.02mg/kg(RSN=3),线性方程的相关系数均达到0.9993以上。果皮和果汁的回收率分别为94.6%～100.2%,94.5%～101.8%;相对标准偏差(n=6)分别为1.1%～3.7%,0.9%～3.9%。该方法快速、高效、低成本、环境友好、结果准确可靠,能满足柑橘中类黄酮化合物的检测要求。     

湘莲莲房中主要生物碱成分提取方法优化与含量测定

目的以莲心碱、异莲心碱、甲基莲心碱为湘莲莲房质量评价指标,优化提取工艺参数,建立高效液相色谱法同时测定3种物质。方法用酸性80%乙醇作溶剂超声提取莲房生物碱类成分,碱化后分离定量。经Waters XSelect C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,以甲醇-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钠为流动相进行梯度洗脱。结果莲心碱、异莲心碱、甲基莲心碱分别在1.994~79.76μg/mL(r²=0.9993,n=6)、1.951~78.05μg/mL(r²=0.9996,n=6)、1.972~78.87μg/mL(r²=0.9998,n=6)范围内线性关系良好,回收率分别为99.5%、98.2%、98.7%(n=9)。结论该方法简便、回收率高,实验结果为莲房中生物碱定量分析和湘莲莲房质量评价提供参考。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.