水针板清洗技术的研究

为寻找一种新型高效的水针板清洗方法,用物理清洗和化学清洗2种方法对水针板样品进行清洗,比较2种方法的清洗效果,分析不同方法对非织造布产品性能的影响,发现利用含有乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)成分的化学清洗剂对水针板进行清洗,能取得良好的清洗效果,满足实际生产的要求。     

水刺法非织造布水针板清洗技术介绍

介绍了水刺法非织造布的水针板清洗技术,说明了要根据不同的情况选择合适的处理技术。     

水刺法织造布水针板清洗技术介绍

介绍了水刺法非织造布的水针板清洗技术,说明了要根据不同的情况选择合适的处理技术.     

长距离管道清洗排气技术研究

文章介绍了输卤回水长管道的化学清洗的一种排气技术。该技术首先进行理论计算,根据计算值通过加酸量控制排气量,加酸方式为一次流过、不循环的清洗方式,解决了管道清洗中气阻和爆管问题,实现了化学清洗的平稳进行,收到了良好的效果。     

化学清洗工艺技术的研究与应用

随着现代化技术与信息化手段的优化和进步,社会已进入科技时代,这对化学清洗技术的发展和优化起到了良好的促进作用,化学清洗技术作为一种在石化行业与化工行业广泛应用的清洗技术,为了确保其能够取得预期的应用效果,必须充分结合实际情况,对化学清洗工艺技术展开深入的研究与分析.因此,文章首先对化学清洗工艺技术的主要作用加以明确,然后对化学清洗工艺技术的具体方式与技术指标展开深入分析,并在此基础上探讨化学清洗工艺技术具备的经济效益.     

陶瓷膜过滤蔗汁后膜通量恢复方法比较

陶瓷膜过滤蔗汁后,膜孔易被堵塞,造成膜通量大幅降低,影响膜的使用效率,需制定合理的清洗方法,有效恢复膜通量,延长膜的使用寿命。本实验对碱性清洗剂、含酶清洗剂、混合氧化剂和混合氧化剂浸泡一段时间后再清洗的4种清洗方法的清洗效果进行了对比,结果显示混合氧化剂浸泡后再清洗的方法较适合过滤蔗汁后陶瓷膜管的清洗,膜通量恢复率可达87%以上,清洗效率较高,达到有效恢复被污染陶瓷膜的水通量的目的。     

用11～13%的盐酸洗液清洗板框过滤机和一碳汁加热器

我厂制糖车间原有BK100型半自动板框过滤机四台，投入运行后在滤板上逐渐形成了很厚的硬垢，达3～5毫米。这些垢堵塞了糖汁通道，严重降低了过滤机的生产效率，并直接威胁到制糖的均衡生产。经分析，垢的主要成分是碳酸钙，所以我们选定用盐酸洗液清洗滤板上积垢的方法。①盐酸     

压榨部织物专用化学清洗方案

介绍压榨毛布的化学清洗方案,叙述了高压、润滑和化学喷淋水管的安装和使用,化学清洗使用的药品搭配,以及化学清洗的方式方法。     

耗水量低与缠结效果好的水针板

1　水针板的质量决定缠结效果水刺工艺可能是非织造布领域内成长最快的技术 ,其奥秘在于其本身的独有特点———极细、高速的水针打击到纤网或其他类似的基质中 ,能量通过水针传输到纤网中 ,从而使其内部的纤维相互缠结在一起 ,生成的产品具有传统纺织品的特性 ,如手感软、透气、耐磨 ,可以印染。水刺非织造布已渗透到服装、家庭装饰和用品市场 ,个人擦布、工业擦布等水刺非织造布成品市场也在不断增长 ,工业专家预测水刺非织造布产量约占世界非织造布总产量的 1 2 %。水刺技术成败的关键就是水针板。水针板是决定水刺非织造布所有物性优劣…     

汽车喷油嘴超声清洗检测仪电路及控制系统的设计

汽车喷油嘴在经历长时间的使用后会被污染而堵塞,影响其正常工作,因此需要用超声清洗检测仪对其进行必要的检测和清洗工作,超声清洗检测仪的电路及控制系统设计是否科学合理对于仪器的工作效率有较大影响。文章介绍了汽车喷油嘴超声清洗检测仪的电路、控制系统的工作原理和设计方法。较为详细地介绍了汽车喷油嘴超声清洗电路及其控制系统的工作原理和设计方法。     

STUDIES ON FLOWDYNAMICS OF FALLING FILMS OF WATER AND ITS EFFECT ON CLEANING OF STAINLESS STEEL

SUMMARY— Factors such as inclination angle of the test surface, flow rate and temperature and composition of cleaning solutions were examined for their influence on cleaning an 18-in.-wide sheet of No. 4 finish stainless steel by gravity flow of falling films of water and detergent solutions. A suspension of B. subtilis spores was used to contaminate the test surface. After a cleaning treatment, the percentage of spores remaining as measured by a direct surface agar plate method IDSAPI was used to calculate cleaning efficiency. Flows of water and cleaning solutions ranged from 50 to 250 lb/min. After detergent solutions, a post-rinse with water at 100°F for 5 min was used. Another setup with a smaller plate and a constant flow rate of 45 lb/min was used to study the effect on cleaning of varying plate angle between the limits of 60 degrees either side of vertical. Washing time was standardized at 10 min for the large plate and 15 min for the smaller one. Results indicated that cleaning improved with temperature, flow rate and with the presence of acid or alkaline cleaning agents. Cleaning was most effective when the plates were in the vertical position.     

Circulation cleaning of a plate heat exchanger fouled by tomato juice

A diluted tomato paste, applied as evenly as possible to one side of plate heat exchanger plates, has been used to study the effect of three temperatures (20, 70 and 90°C) when using water as a circulation cleaning fluid. From the experimental results it would appear that 70°C is the optimum temperature for this duty. Increasing the temperature to 90°C caused protein denaturation of the deposited tomato soil and cleaning efficiency was reduced. The soiling technique used in this work was found to be simple and consistent in studying the cleaning-in-place of the plate heat exchanger, and the direct weighing method of measuring soil removal was found to be reproducible.     

Cleaning effectiveness of chlorine-free detergents for use on dairy farms

A method for evaluating cleaning effect based on Bacillus cereus spores was developed and tested in a model system designed to resemble actual farm conditions. A test rig with four removable sampling plates was mounted in a milk line. The plates were attached at the end of T-junctions protruding either 1·5 or 3-times the milk pipe diameter from the main loop to reflect different levels of cleaning difficulty. In each cleaning test, B. cereus spores were applied to the four sampling plates to simulate soil. A series of cleaning tests was conducted at 35, 45, 55 and 65°C with six commercial chlorine-free, alkaline detergents; three liquid and three powder-based products. A commercial alkaline detergent with chlorine, a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxider/hypochlorite solution and pure water were also tested. Triplicate tests were performed with each cleaning solution, giving a total of 120 cleaning tests. The cleaning effect was evaluated by comparing the number of spores before and after cleaning. At all temperatures, the two chlorine-based cleaning solutions gave significantly greater reductions in B. cereus spores than the chlorine-free products. All six commercial chlorine-free, alkaline detergents generally gave similar cleaning effects, with no differences in the performance of powder-based and liquid forms. The mechanical spore reduction effect with water alone was greater (1·5-1·8 log-units) than the additional chemical effect of sodium hydroxide or chlorine-free detergents (0·5-1·2 log-units). The chlorine-based solutions had a considerably more powerful chemical effect (2-4 log-units depending on temperature). In general, an increase in cleaning solution temperature up to 55°C gave a greater reduction in spores. A further increase to 65°C did not improve cleaning effectiveness.     

超声波清洗技术在焊丝生产中的应用

介绍超声波清洗污垢的原理。超声波清洗应用于焊丝镀前处理,可减轻电解碱洗的负担,提高化镀速度。清洗时超声波频率为15~30kHz,声强1~2W/cm2,水做清洗液时温度控制在60℃左右;在焊丝生产线使被淹没的焊丝高于振子表面100mm,超声波清洗宜在敞口容器中进行。     

核桃体外清除亚硝酸盐及阻断亚硝胺合成的研究

对核桃体外清除亚硝酸盐及阻断亚硝胺合成进行了研究,结果表明:在体外模拟胃液(pH3.0、37℃)的条件下,1%核桃汁对亚硝酸盐的清除率和对亚硝胺合成的阻断率分别为14.72%和63.11%。核桃清除亚硝酸盐的效果虽不及绿茶和大蒜,但核桃具有良好的抑制亚硝化效果,其对亚硝胺合成的阻断率接近大蒜,较绿茶高。核桃对亚硝酸盐的清除率和对亚硝胺合成的阻断率随pH不同而异,其中核桃对亚硝酸盐的清除率在胃液环境pH3.0中最高。核桃对亚硝酸的清除率和对亚硝胺合成的阻断率与温度、核桃汁浓度均呈正相关。核桃对亚硝酸盐的清除率随时间变化很小;对亚硝胺合成的阻断率随时间推移逐渐增加,1%核桃汁在30min时对亚硝胺合成的阻断率高达55.85%。     

Pulsed forward flushes as a novel method for cleaning spent grains-loaded filter cloth

This paper presents a novel method to remove spent grains efficiently from filter cloths via pulsed forward flushes. In breweries, mash filters separate liquid wort from solid spent grains, a by-product. These mash filters use woven fabrics made from synthetic materials as filter media. However, rough filter surfaces often hinder the cleaning process. Concerning modern hygienic design principles, filter cloths are only designed for efficient filtration performances, in which cleanability is not considered. Hence, in combination with strongly adhesive spent grains, brewers often reject mash filters. The paper illustrates an experimental parameter variation and a comparison of pulsed with continuous cleaning in respect to their cleaning performance. The results showed that the proposed method is suitable, reaching up to 30% higher cleaning degrees than conventional methods. Furthermore, the technique required up to 50% fewer cleaning fluids and shorter cleaning times, indicating economic and ecological advantages.     

烛式过滤机过滤元件清洗方法研究

采用化学方法对烛式过滤机滤片的清洗进行研究,通过单因素和正交试验对清洗工艺进行优化,结果表明:NaOH清洗效果较好,其最佳工艺为NaOH浓度50 g/L,清洗温度60℃,清洗时间2 h。     

Optimized cleaning of conveyor belts using plasma-processed water assisted by optical detection of food residues

As food of animal and plant origin is prone to microbial spoilage, its production must be monitored and conducted safely to avoid consumer hazards. At the same time, environmental and sustainability aspects are becoming increasingly important. In this study, washing of food conveyor belts at ambient temperature was performed with plasma-processed water (PPW) and an optical detector to monitor the cleaning success. The microbial plate counts could be reduced with pressurized water, foam and PPW by >3 log₁₀ CFU/cm², similar to the standard industrial washing with amine-based disinfectant (Neoseptal®, Dr. Weigert, Germany). However, PPW degrades to naturally occurring substances, and the inactivation time was reduced from 15 to 1 min. The optical detector could mostly distinguish between uncleaned and cleaned belts. The fast, precise and easy applicable measurement could be integrated into the production line for automated monitoring, which could result in cleaning cycles based on demand.Industrial relevanceAn on-demand cleaning process with less need for chemicals would save time and money plus protect the environment. Plasma-processed water is as effective as a chemical disinfectant combined with a reduced decontamination time (from 15 to 1 min) and free of complex chemical compounds. The optical detector can be used inline, fast and easy for automated hygiene monitoring in the food production.     

Organic fouling and chemical cleaning of nanofiltration membranes: measurements and mechanisms

Fouling and subsequent chemical cleaning of nanofiltration (NF) membranes used in water quality control applications are often inevitable. To unravel the mechanisms of organic fouling and chemical cleaning, it is critical to understand the foulant-membrane, foulant-foulant, and foulant-cleaning agent interactions at the molecular level. In this study, the adhesion forces between the foulant and the membrane surface and between the bulk foulant and the fouling layer were determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A carboxylate modified AFM colloid probe was used as a surrogate for humic acid, the major organic foulant in natural waters. The interfacial force data were combined with the NF membrane water flux measurements to elucidate the mechanisms of organic fouling and chemical cleaning. A remarkable correlation was obtained between the measured adhesion forces and the fouling and cleaning behavior of the membrane under various solution chemistries. The AFM measurements further confirmed that divalent calcium ions greatly enhance natural organic matter fouling by complexation and subsequent formation of intermolecular bridges among organic foulant molecules. Efficient chemical cleaning was achieved only when the calcium ion bridging was eliminated as a result of the interaction between the chemical cleaning agent and the fouling layer. The cleaning efficiency was highly dependent on solution pH and the concentration of the chemical cleaning agent.