共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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离子液体催化合成酯类化合物的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
酯化反应是重要的有机合成反应之一,在药物、材料、食品、香料、溶剂和增塑剂等生产中有广泛的应用.传统方法合成酯类化合物具有反应时间长、产率低、污染大、副反应多及后处理困难等缺点,离子液体区别于传统的溶剂和催化剂主要在于可通过改变其阴阳离子的结构进行调节,是可设计的绿色催化剂和溶剂,具有无腐蚀性、无毒、不挥发、不易氧化、液态范围宽、稳定性好、催化活性高等一系列独特性质,已被广泛应用于化学合成、分离工程和纳米材料制备等领域.离子液体催化酯化反应合成酯类化合物具有反应快、高效、产物易分离和安全等优点.本文综述了离子液体催化酯化反应合成脂肪酸酯类和芳香酯类的研究进展,并展望了该方法在酯类合成中的发展前景. 相似文献
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尼泊金丁酯绿色合成新工艺 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了以尼泊金酸和正丁醇为原料,大孔树脂为催化剂,微波辅助催化合成尼泊金丁酯的新工艺.探讨了催化剂类型、醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、微波功率、微波温度、微波时间、带水剂等因素对合成反应产率的影响,确定了酯化反应的优化工艺条件.实验结果表明:当尼泊金酸用量为0.1mol时,醇酸摩尔比为2.5 : 1,NKC-9大孔树脂用量为反应物总质量的30%,微波炉功率为425w,微波温度90℃,微波时间20min,无需额外添加带水剂,在此条件下酯化反应的产率可达96.8%.大孔树脂代替酸作催化剂简化了生产工艺,避免了设备的腐蚀和环境污染,是更为清洁、环保的绿色酯合成用催化剂.而且产品纯度高,催化剂只经简单处理即可重新投入使用多次.并利用熔点测定、红外光谱等分析手段对产品进行了物性和结构表征. 相似文献
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糖酯类食品添加剂是同时含有亲水和疏水基团、HLB值为1~16的一种非离子型表面活性剂,具有无臭、无味、无毒及优良的表面性能等特点,在食品工业中具有诱人的应用前景。脂肪酶非水相催化合成糖酯有着化学合成法无可比拟的优点,已引起众多研究者的广泛关注。本文就非水相中催化合成糖酯所用脂肪酶的来源、非水相体系、酶的催化活性、糖酯类食品添加剂的检测方法及其在食品工业中的应用进行了综述,并展望其发展前景。 相似文献
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A series of starch esters was obtained using microwave‐assisted enzymatic transformation of starch. For the reaction hog pancreas lipase was used as a biocatalyst as well as followed acyl donors: acetic, lauric, and stearic acid. DMF and DMSO were applied as a reaction media. Experiments focused on low level microwave irradiation were compared with conventional heating of the reaction mixture. The structure of obtained starch esters was investigated by means of FTIR, analysis of substitution degree, changes in molecular parameters (MWs and MWs distributions), and microscopic studies (SEM). The spectroscopic analysis confirmed the ester bond formation. The microwave‐assisted reaction in DMF and lauric acid as an acyl donor, gave the highest degree of substitution (0.513) what followed the lowest polysaccharide degradation and maintaining the granular structure of starch. According to all the results the significant shortening in the reaction time (about 2.5 times) for microwave‐assisted reactions were observed. The influence of microwaves on esterification of starch was discussed focusing on reaction media and acyl donor type. The investigated reaction systems were demonstrated as new protocols for obtaining starch ester with higher efficiency in comparison to those known as conventional. Replacement of sophisticated derivatives including vinyl esters or acyl chlorides by simple acyl donors were shown as an additional benefit of proposed starch esterification method. 相似文献
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Starch maleate was prepared by microwave‐assisted reactions. Microwave‐assisted esterification in a dry medium for 5 min gives a reaction efficiency of 98%. Influences of reaction time, reagent molar ratio and water content of starch on the degree of substitution (DS) of the product and reaction efficiency were investigated. The structure of starch maleate was characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. Changes in the starch granules before and after modification were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Compared with the conventional heating synthesis method, microwave‐assisted synthesis in a dry medium is rapid and energy saving with high reaction efficiency. 相似文献
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甘露聚糖及甘露糖蛋白在很多生理过程中扮演重要的角色,它们的合成研究也是目前糖化学热点之一,甘露糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯是它们合成中十分有效的糖给体。研究了甘露糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯新型微波辅助合成方法,并对传统合成方法进行优化改进。以D-甘露糖为原料,通过全苯甲酰基化、端位选择性水解,再与三氯乙腈反应合成了2,3,4,6-四-O-苯甲酰基-β-D-甘露糖三氯乙酰亚胺酯,对传统合成方法进行了优化,使得总产率达到85%以上。同时首次通过微波辅助的方法合成了该种产物,结果表明,微波辅助合成方法产物产率是传统方法的1.12倍,合成时间缩短了15倍。 相似文献
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