混合油精炼棉籽油磷脂含量的影响因素研究

以浸出棉籽混合油为原料,采用稀酸水化脱胶、碱炼脱酸的混合油精炼工艺,考察了混合油精炼过程中混合油浓度、水化温度、水化时间、碱炼温度、碱炼时间对成品棉籽油磷脂含量和精炼得率的影响。结果表明:最佳工艺条件为混合油浓度80%、水化温度45℃、水化时间30 min、碱炼温度50℃、碱炼时间60 min,在最佳条件下,棉籽油精炼得率90.9%,色泽Y35 R4.2(133.4 mm槽),酸值(KOH)0.14 mg/g,磷脂含量69 mg/kg。     

基于Fluent的泽尼斯塔混合油滴上升过程模拟

采用泽尼斯法对混合油进行脱酸,可以精炼高酸价油、降低中性油皂化机率、减少皂脚夹油、降低生产成本等。在混合油泽尼斯法脱酸最佳工艺条件下利用Fluent软件,并采用VOF模型对泽尼斯塔内部混合油流动进行CFD数值模拟,得到泽尼斯塔内部流场的混合油相分布、速度矢量分布、绝对速度分布和动压力分布。通过分析模拟结果,可以得到将混合油通过单孔泵入泽尼斯塔时油滴的动力学特性,为泽尼斯塔的优化和油滴分布器的设计提供了新的研究方法和必要的理论依据。另外,通过建立模型进行数值模拟,得到了准确可靠的液—液两相流数据分布。     

玉米混合油碱炼脱酸工艺效果及最佳条件研究

研究了玉米混合油碱炼脱酸对碱炼得率和脱色率,以及甾醇、维生素E损失率的影响,并对玉米混合油碱炼脱酸工艺条件进行了优化研究。通过正交试验及正交试验全概率分析,得到玉米混合油碱炼脱酸最佳工艺条件为:混合油浓度60%,碱炼温度60℃,碱液质量分数8.07%,总加碱量为理论加碱量和油质量0.4%的超量碱。在最佳工艺条件下,玉米油酸值(KOH)由3.62 mg/g降至0.55 mg/g,碱炼得率为95.46%,脱色率为43.66%,色泽为Y30 R2.5(罗维朋比色槽25.4mm),甾醇损失率为28.05%,维生素E损失率为28.74%。与玉米毛油碱炼脱酸相比,碱炼得率提高6.38个百分点,脱色率提高3.55个百分点,甾醇和维生素E损失率分别减少5.54个百分点和4.89个百分点。     

棉籽混合油碱炼工艺优化

为确保棉籽油的稳定生产，提高棉籽油的品质，以混合油浓度、超量碱添加量、碱液质量分数和反应时间为试验因素，以棉籽油的含皂量、色泽（R值）和精炼得率为考察指标，设计正交试验对棉籽混合油碱炼工艺条件进行优化。结果表明，棉籽混合油碱炼的最优工艺条件为混合油浓度85%，超量碱添加量0.8%，碱液质量分数12.69%（18°Bé），反应时间20 min。在最优工艺条件下，生产线上实际生产的棉籽油酸值（KOH）降到0.2 mg/g以下，过氧化值降到0.020 g/100 g，色泽（R值）可稳定控制在4.8以下，精炼得率为95.92%，优于小试试验效果。     

米糠混合油碱炼脱酸工艺效果的研究

研究了米糠混合油碱炼脱酸工艺条件对提高碱炼得率和降低谷维素、甾醇等营养成分损失率的影响。结果表明:高酸值米糠毛油采用混合油碱炼脱酸比毛油碱炼脱酸在提高碱炼得率、降低谷维素和甾醇损失方面有显著优势;最佳的米糠混合油碱炼脱酸工艺条件为碱炼温度55℃,总加碱量为理论加碱量加0.3%超量碱(占油质量),混合油浓度40%,碱液质量分数11.06%;在最佳条件下,米糠混合油碱炼得率71.62%,谷维素损失率63.22%,甾醇损失率43.76%,较米糠毛油碱炼脱酸的碱炼得率提高16.48个百分点,谷维素损失率降低30.56个百分点,甾醇损失率降低21.41个百分点。     

棉籽混合油精炼工业化应用实践

介绍了棉籽混合油精炼理论、精炼工艺及精炼的关键控制点,包括棉籽混合油浓度控制、脱胶控制和碱炼控制;并且对棉籽混合油精炼工艺与传统化学精炼工艺在精炼得率、成品油色泽、酸值、过氧化值等指标方面进行了对比分析。得出棉籽混合油精炼工艺效果较好。     

餐饮废油硅酸钠-活性白土精炼工艺优化

以餐饮废油为试验材料,对硅酸钠-活性白土精炼工艺进行研究。通过单因素试验和正交旋转回归组合设计优化后的精炼最佳工艺条件为:活性白土和硅酸钠总加量8%,反应温度80℃,反应时间30 min,活性白土与硅酸钠质量比值为4。在最佳条件下精炼率为79.6%,精炼油酸值(KOH)为0.71 mg/g,过氧化值为4.32 meq/kg,符合饲料用油的行业标准。     

蚕蛹油提取、精炼及其脂肪酸组成分析

采用溶剂浸提法研究了从蚕蛹中提取蚕蛹油的工艺.考察了溶剂用量、浸提时间、浸提温度等因素对蚕蛹油得率的影响,正交试验法得到优化条件为:溶剂用量4 mL/g,浸提时间2 h,浸提温度40 ℃.在此优化条件下,蚕蛹油得率为23.34%.蚕蛹油精炼的最佳工艺为:酸法脱胶,14%碱液脱酸,4%脱色白土(Ⅱ号)脱色.该条件下精炼油得率为53.1%,蚕蛹油呈透明的金黄色,酸值、碘值均符合蚕蛹油标准.对精炼蚕蛹油的脂肪酸分析表明,油中含有38.3%的油酸、30.2%的亚麻酸.     

高酸值花椒籽油的醇萃取-碱炼混合脱酸工艺研究

以高酸值花椒籽油为原料,选择醇萃取-碱炼混合法精炼花椒籽油。以酸值、脱酸率或精炼率为指标,采用单因素实验和正交实验分别考察了初次脱酸和二次脱酸工艺中各参数对花椒籽油脱酸效果的影响。实验结果表明,在初次脱酸实验中95%乙醇与花椒籽油的液料比为2.5∶1m L/g,二次脱酸实验中乙醇浓度为65%、氢氧化钠浓度为1.4%、乙醇-Na OH溶液与花椒籽油的液料比为2∶1m L/g、反应温度为60℃的条件下,酸值为76.60mg KOH/g的花椒籽油可降低到0.38mg KOH/g。     

稻米油分子蒸馏脱酸工艺优化

采用分子蒸馏技术进行稻米油脱酸研究。在单因素试验的基础上进行Box-Behnken响应曲面试验设计,重点考察温度、转速和进料速度对酸值的影响,得到分子蒸馏脱酸最佳操作条件及二次响应面模型,最佳工艺条件为温度208℃、转速183r/min、进料速度2.05mL/min,此时所得酸值为1.01mg/g KOH。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.