沙棘籽渣生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的吸附特性研究

目的研究沙棘籽渣生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的吸附特性。方法以沙棘籽渣为材料,采用慢速热解技术于300、400、500℃条件下制备生物炭吸附剂(BC300、BC400、BC500),研究热解温度、尼泊金乙酯初始浓度、吸附温度和吸附时间对吸附效率的影响。结果生物炭的制备温度显著影响其对尼泊金乙酯的吸附效果,3种温度制备的生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的吸附能力表现为BC500BC400BC300。此外,尼泊金乙酯的初始浓度、吸附温度和时间等因素均能影响吸附效果。35℃下尼泊金乙酯初始浓度为20 mg/L时,BC500对尼泊金乙酯的去除率最高,达84.46%,生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的等温吸附线符合Langmuir模式和Freundlich模式。结论探明了沙棘籽渣制备生物炭吸附剂去除尼泊金乙酯的最适条件,为沙棘籽渣应用于尼泊金乙酯等有机污染物的去除提供了理论依据。     

酸洗处理沙棘籽生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的等温吸附特性研究

采用慢速热解技术于300、400、500℃条件下制备生物炭并用盐酸酸洗处理后得到吸附剂,以去除废水中的尼泊金乙酯。吸附实验结果表明,废水中尼泊金酯的初始浓度、沙棘籽生物炭的制备温度、吸附温度等因素均能影响沙棘籽生物炭对尼泊金酯的吸附效果。3种温度制备的沙棘籽生物炭对尼泊金酯的吸附能力表现为BC400>BC500> BC300。生物炭对尼泊金酯的等温吸附线符合Langmuir模式和Freundlich模式。     

荞麦秸秆生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的吸附特性研究

为促进荞麦秸秆的资源化利用,以荞麦秸秆为原料,采用慢速热解技术在300、400、500℃条件下制备荞麦秸秆生物炭吸附剂(分别记为BC300、BC400、BC500),检测其去除废水中尼泊金乙酯的效果。吸附试验结果表明,荞麦秸秆生物炭的制备温度能显著影响其对尼泊金乙酯的吸附效果,三种温度制备的荞麦秸秆生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的吸附能力表现从高到低依次为:BC500、BC400、BC300。此外,溶液中尼泊金乙酯的初始浓度、吸附温度和时间等因素均能对吸附效果产生影响。45℃下,尼泊金乙酯初始浓度为20mg/L时,BC500对尼泊金乙酯的去除率最高,达98.0%。荞麦秸秆生物炭对尼泊金乙酯的等温吸附线符合Langmuir模式和Freundlich模式。研究结果探明了荞麦秸秆制备生物炭吸附剂去除尼泊金乙酯的最适条件,以期为荞麦秸秆应用于尼泊金乙酯等有机污染物的去除提供参考。     

热解温度对小麦秸秆生物炭吸附氨氮作用的影响

文章以小麦秸秆为原料制备生物炭,研究了热解温度(300℃、400℃、500℃、600℃)对生物炭吸附氨氮作用的影响,为在实际工程中利用生物炭去除水体中的氨氮提供数据基础。结果表明,生物炭对氨氮的吸附在1 h内即达到平衡,吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学方程;吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程,理论最大吸附量从300℃的4.983 mg/g降至600℃的2.777 mg/g,变化趋势与阳离子交换量(CEC)正相关。温度、投加量和溶液初始pH值均显著影响生物炭对氨氮的吸附效果。     

辣椒秸秆对刚果红染料的吸附性质北大核心

以辣椒秸秆为原料制备生物吸附剂,研究辣椒秸秆吸附剂对染料刚果红(CR)的吸附性质。研究了改性和吸附条件对吸附效果的影响,并拟合其吸附热力学、动力学和等温线模型。正交试验极差分析表明:吸附效果影响因素的主次顺序为,吸附剂用量>初始染料浓度>吸附温度>吸附时间。最佳工艺为:辣椒秸秆1.20 g,CR质量浓度300 mg/L,吸附温度70℃、时间240 min。拟合得出吸附符合准二级反应动力学模型,属于化学吸附;符合Langmuir吸附等温式,可初步判断吸附发生在辣椒秸秆的外表面,属于单分子层化学吸附。热力学计算表明,该吸附过程属于自发的吸热反应。     

辣椒秸秆对刚果红染料的吸附性质

以辣椒秸秆为原料制备生物吸附剂,研究辣椒秸秆吸附剂对染料刚果红(CR)的吸附性质。研究了改性和吸附条件对吸附效果的影响,并拟合其吸附热力学、动力学和等温线模型。正交试验极差分析表明:吸附效果影响因素的主次顺序为,吸附剂用量初始染料浓度吸附温度吸附时间。最佳工艺为:辣椒秸秆1.20 g,CR质量浓度300 mg/L,吸附温度70℃、时间240 min。拟合得出吸附符合准二级反应动力学模型,属于化学吸附;符合Langmuir吸附等温式,可初步判断吸附发生在辣椒秸秆的外表面,属于单分子层化学吸附。热力学计算表明,该吸附过程属于自发的吸热反应。     

棉花壳吸附剂的制备及其对孔雀石绿的吸附特性

为实现新疆废弃棉花壳的资源化利用,化学改性制备褶皱棉花壳吸附剂,研究在恒温振荡辅助条件下对孔雀石绿染料的吸附行为。结果表明:NaOH浓度为0.2 mol/L、改性温度为25℃下制备的褶皱棉花壳吸附剂性能最佳,单因素实验表明孔雀石绿的最佳吸附条件是:初始染料质量浓度500 mg/L,固液比3.20 g/L,30℃的条件下吸附240 min。其最佳吸附量和去除率分别是221.04 mg/g、95.91%,以上结果通过响应面实验验证。优化后最优组合为:吸附时间280 min,初始染料质量浓度400 mg/L,固液比为3.20 g/L,该组合实际值为吸附量120.80mg/g,去除率96.64%。     

草鱼鱼鳞对对苯二酚的吸附特性及其机理

以草鱼鱼鳞为原料制备生物吸附剂,通过静态吸附实验研究其对水溶液中对苯二酚的吸附性能,系统地考察pH值、吸附剂用量、对苯二酚初始质量浓度、吸附时间、吸附温度对鱼鳞吸附效果的影响,并通过吸附动力学和热力学分析,探讨鱼鳞吸附对苯二酚的吸附机理。结果表明,鱼鳞吸附剂对对苯二酚具良好的吸附效果,其最佳吸附条件为：当温度为25℃、吸附剂用量0.5g/L、对苯二酚溶液初始质量浓度为100mg/L、溶液体系pH7、吸附时间8h时,鱼鳞吸附剂的吸附容量可达到76.71mg/g。吸附热力学和动力学分析表明,鱼鳞对对苯二酚的吸附是以物理吸附为主的多层吸附,准二级动力学模型可以较好地反映这种吸附动力学行为,Freundlich等温吸附方程能较好地描述其等温吸附行为。     

回收海藻酸钠制备吸附剂对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能

以印花废水中回收的海藻酸钠为原料,制备了海藻酸钙凝胶颗粒吸附剂,考察了吸附剂在不同pH值、时间、用量和初始浓度条件下对Cu~(2+)吸附效果的影响,研究了Cu~(2+)吸附过程中的热力学和动力学。结果表明,采用回收海藻酸钠为原料制备的吸附剂,能有效去除水中Cu~(2+),在吸附剂质量浓度1.2 g/L,pH=5.4,初始质量浓度100 mg/L,吸附时间300 min的条件下,Cu~(2+)去除率可达90%以上。吸附过程符合准二级动力学和Langmuir吸附等温模型。热力学研究表明,吸附剂对Cu~(2+)吸附是吸热发应,且反应能自发进行。     

复合凝胶球对水中结晶紫的吸附特性

以海藻酸钠(SA)、玉米秸秆生物炭(BC)、壳聚糖(CTS)为原料制得复合凝胶球(SA/BC/CTS),利用扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FTIR)初步表征其结构.以结晶紫为吸附对象,考察染料溶液pH、吸附剂质量浓度、吸附时间和染料初始质量浓度对吸附过程的影响.结果 表明:SA/BC/CTS的孔隙率高,官能团丰富;在吸...     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.